scholarly journals Peaks and arrowheads of vernacular reorganization

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Denis ◽  
Matt Hunt Gardner ◽  
Marisa Brook ◽  
Sali A. Tagliamonte
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Projection Model ◽  
Trend Study ◽  
Age Grading ◽  
Socially Motivated ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractA key component of Labov's (2001:411) socially motivated projection model of language change is the hypothesis that adolescents and preadolescents undergo a process of vernacular reorganization, which leads to a “seamless” progression of changes in progress. Between the ages of approximately five and 17, children and adolescents increase the “frequency, extent, scope, or specificity” of changes in progress along the community trajectory (Labov, 2007:346). Evidence of advancement via vernacular reorganization during this life stage has come from peaks in the apparent-time trajectory of a change around the age of 17 (e.g., Labov, 2001; Tagliamonte & D'Arcy, 2009). However, such peaks do not rule out the alternative explanations of retrograde change or age-grading. This paper presents both apparent time and real-time evidence for vernacular reorganization. We observe the arrowhead formation—a counterpart of the adolescent peak—for quotative be like in a trend study of adolescents and young adults in Toronto, Canada. Our results rule out the alternative explanations for previously observed adolescent peaks.

Particularities of tinnitus in children and adolescents

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Alexandra Boloș ◽  
Sebastian Cozma ◽  
Andreea Silvana Szalontay
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches

Tinnitus is a common otologic symptom and probably the most troublesome. Tinnitus causes a number of physical and psychological consequences, that interfere with the quality of life of the patient. Many authors believe that the presence of tinnitus in children is a matter of lesser importance than in adults because it is met less frequently and would be a fleeting symptom, inoffensive for them (Graham, 1981). In addition, the prevalence of tinnitus during adolescence and even in young adults is increasing, possibly as a consequence of the increased ambient noise (Bulbul SF, Shargorodsky J). Various therapeutic approaches have generated different results, which led us to consider the role of psychological factors, hence the need to underline the particularities of this symptom in childhood.  

scholarly journals Active commuting to school among 36,781 Spanish children and adolescents: A temporal trend study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gálvez‐Fernández ◽  
Manuel Herrador‐Colmenero ◽  
Irene Esteban‐Cornejo ◽  
José Castro‐Piñero ◽  
Javier Molina‐García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Trend Study ◽  
Active Commuting To School

Variation and third age: A sociolinguistic perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Schreier
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Change ◽  
National Council ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Style Shifting ◽  
Age Grading ◽  
Ethnic Group Membership

Abstract The correlation between external factors such as age, gender, ethnic group membership and language variation is one of the stalwarts of sociolinguistic theory. The repertoire of individual members of speaker groups, vis-à-vis community-wide variation, represents a somewhat slippery ground for developing and testing models of variation and change and has been researched with reference to accommodation (Bell 1984), style shifting (Rickford, John R. & MacKenzie Price. 2013. Girlz II women: Age-grading, language change and stylistic variation. Journal of Sociolinguistics 17. 143–179) and language change generally (Labov, William. 2001. Principles of linguistic change, vol. 2: Social factors. Oxford: Blackwell). This paper presents and assesses some first quantitative evidence that non-mobile older speakers from Tristan da Cunha, an island in the South Atlantic Ocean, who grew up in an utterly isolated speech community, vary and shift according to external interview parameters (interviewer, topic, place of interview). However, while they respond to the formality of the context, they display variation (both regarding speakers and variables) that is not in line with the constraints attested elsewhere. These findings are assessed with focus on the acquisition of sociolinguistic competence in third-age speakers (particularly style-shifting, Labov, William. 1964. Stages in the acquisition of Standard English. In Roger Shuy, Alva Davis & Robert Hogan (eds.), Social Dialects and Language Learning, 77–104. Champaign: National Council of Teachers of English) and across the life-span generally.

scholarly journals Exemplifying the Language Change of Jennifer Lopez

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Lea Bauernfeind
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Age Grading

This paper investigates American singer and actress Jennifer Lopez’s use of the sociolinguistic variables (ing), PRICE, and TRAP through a longitudinal study of readily available interviews over the course of 16 years. The study is an example of the same speaker of English showing lifespan change in one variable (TRAP), and age-grading in two others ((ing) and PRICE). The findings show that different variables can pattern differently, and that social context plays an important role in these linguistic developments.

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