scholarly journals The effects of child maltreatment on early signs of antisocial behavior: Genetic moderation by tryptophan hydroxylase, serotonin transporter, and monoamine oxidase A genes

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Eric L. Thibodeau
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase A ◽  
Developmental Timing ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractGene–environment interaction effects in predicting antisocial behavior in late childhood were investigated among maltreated and nonmaltreated low-income children (N= 627,Mage = 11.27). Variants in three genes were examined: tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) upstream variable number tandem repeat. In addition to child maltreatment status, we considered the impact of maltreatment subtypes, developmental timing of maltreatment, and chronicity. Indicators of antisocial behavior were obtained from self-, peer, and adult counselor reports. In a series of analyses of covariance, child maltreatment and its parameters demonstrated strong main effects on early antisocial behavior as assessed by all report forms. Genetic effects operated primarily in the context of gene–environment interactions, moderating the impact of child maltreatment on outcomes. Across the three genes, among nonmaltreated children no differences in antisocial behavior were found based on genetic variation. In contrast, among maltreated children specific polymorphisms ofTPH1,5-HTTLPR, andMAOAwere each related to heightened self-report of antisocial behavior; the interaction of5-HTTLPRand developmental timing of maltreatment also indicated more severe antisocial outcomes for children with early onset and recurrent maltreatment based on genotype.TPH1and5-HTTLPRinteracted with maltreatment subtype to predict peer reports of antisocial behavior; genetic variation contributed to larger differences in antisocial behavior among abused children. TheTPH1and5-HTTLPRpolymorphisms also moderated the effects of maltreatment subtype on adult reports of antisocial behavior; again, the genetic effects were strongest for children who were abused. In addition,TPH1moderated the effect of developmental timing of maltreatment and chronicity on adult reports of antisocial behavior. The findings elucidate how genetic variation contributes to identifying which maltreated children are most vulnerable to antisocial development.

Interactions of child maltreatment and serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase A polymorphisms: Depressive symptomatology among adolescents from low socioeconomic status backgrounds

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Melissa L. Sturge-Apple
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase A ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Gene Environment

AbstractChild maltreatment and polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genes were examined in relation to depressive symptomatology. Adolescents (Mage = 16.7 years) from low socioeconomic backgrounds with a history of child maltreatment (n= 207) or no such history (n= 132) were interviewed and provided buccal cells for genetic analysis. Gene × environment interactions were observed. Heightened depressive symptoms were found only among extensively maltreated youth with lowMAOAactivity. Among comparably maltreated youth with highMAOAactivity, self-coping strategies related to lower symptoms. Sexual abuse and the5-HTT short/shortgenotype predicted higher depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. This Gene × Environment interaction was further moderated byMAOAactivity level. The results highlight the protective functions of genetic polymorphisms and coping strategies in high risk youth and offer direction for understanding resilience and its promotion from a multiple levels of analysis perspective.

scholarly journals Gene × Environment effects of serotonin transporter, dopamine receptor D4, and monoamine oxidase A genes with contextual and parenting risk factors on symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety, and depression in a community sample of 4-year-old children

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Lavigne ◽  
Laura B. K. Herzing ◽  
Edwin H. Cook ◽  
Susan A. Lebailly ◽  
Karen R. Gouze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase A ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Gene Environment

AbstractGenetic factors can play a key role in the multiple level of analyses approach to understanding the development of child psychopathology. The present study examined gene–environment correlations and Gene × Environment interactions for polymorphisms of three target genes, the serotonin transporter gene, the D4 dopamine receptor gene, and the monoamine oxidase A gene in relation to symptoms of anxiety, depression, and oppositional behavior. Saliva samples were collected from 175 non-Hispanic White, 4-year-old children. Psychosocial risk factors included socioeconomic status, life stress, caretaker depression, parental support, hostility, and scaffolding skills. In comparison with the short forms (s/s, s/l) of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic repeat, the long form (l/l) was associated with greater increases in symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in interaction with family stress and with greater increases in symptoms of child depression and anxiety in interaction with caretaker depression, family conflict, and socioeconomic status. In boys, low-activity monoamine oxidase A gene was associated with increases in child anxiety and depression in interaction with caretaker depression, hostility, family conflict, and family stress. The results highlight the important of gene–environment interplay in the development of symptoms of child psychopathology in young children.

scholarly journals Role of Estradiol in the Expression of Genes Involved in Serotonin Neurotransmission: Implications for Female Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Tania Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Lucía Martínez-Mota ◽  
José Jaime Herrera-Pérez ◽  
Graciela Jiménez-Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase A ◽  
Serotonin 1A Receptor ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 ◽  
Response Elements ◽  
Estrogen Response ◽  
Estrogen Response Elements

Background:In women, changes in estrogen levels may increase the incidence and/or symptomatology of depression and affect the response to antidepressant treatments. Estrogen therapy in females may provide some mood benefits as a single treatment or might augment clinical response to antidepressants that inhibit serotonin reuptake.Objective:We analyzed the mechanisms of estradiol action involved in the regulation of gene expression that modulates serotonin neurotransmission implicated in depression.Method:Publications were identified by a literature search on PubMed.Results:The participation of estradiol in depression may include regulation of the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase-2, monoamine oxidase A and B, serotonin transporter and serotonin-1A receptor. This effect is mediated by estradiol binding to intracellular estrogen receptor that interacts with estrogen response elements in the promoter sequences of tryptophan hydroxylase-2, serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase-B. In addition to directly binding deoxyribonucleic acid, estrogen receptor can tether to other transcription factors, including activator protein 1, specificity protein 1, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and nuclear factor kappa B to regulate gene promoters that lack estrogen response elements, such as monoamine oxidase-A and serotonin 1A receptor.Conclusion:Estradiol increases tryptophan hydroxylase-2 and serotonin transporter expression and decreases the expression of serotonin 1A receptor and monoamine oxidase A and B through the interaction with its intracellular receptors. The understanding of molecular mechanisms of estradiol regulation on the protein expression that modulates serotonin neurotransmission will be helpful for the development of new and more effective treatment for women with depression.

scholarly journals The interaction between serotonin transporter allelic variation and maternal care modulates sociability on Instagram

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonassi ◽  
Ilaria Cataldo ◽  
Giulio Gabrieli ◽  
Moses Tandiono ◽  
Jia Nee Foo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Serotonin Transporter Gene ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desirability Index

Human social interactions ensure recognition and approval from others, both in offline and online environments. This study applies a model from behavioural genetics on Instagram sociability to explore the impact of individual development on the behaviour on social networks.We hypothesize that sociable attitudes on Instagram resulted from an interaction between serotonin transporter gene alleles and the individual’s social relationship with caregivers. We assess environmental and genetic components of 57 Instagram users. The self-report questionnaire Parental Bonding Instrument is adopted to determine the quality of parental bonding. The number of posts, followed users (“followings”), and followers are collected from Instagram as measures of online social activity. Additionally, the ratio between the number of followers and followings (“Social Desirability Index”) was calculated to estimate the asymmetry of each user’s social network. Finally, buccal mucosa cell samples were acquired, and the polymorphism rs25531 (T/T homozygotes vs C-carriers) within the serotonin transporter gene was examined.In the preliminary analysis, we identified a gender effect on the number of followings. In line with our predictions, we specifically found a gene- environment interaction on the standardized Instagram “Social Desirability Index”: users with the genotype more sensitive to environmental influences (T/T homozygotes) showed a higher Instagram “Social Desirability Index” than non-sensitive ones (C-carriers) when they experienced positive maternal care.This result may contribute to the understanding of online social behaviour from a gene*environment perspective.

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