The ‘Near Threatened’ Bearded Screech-owl Megascops barbarus: diet pattern and trophic assessment using δ13C and δ15N stable-isotopes

SummaryThe diet patterns and trophic relationships are poorly understood for most tropical owl species. We used stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in 24 feather samples of the rare, endemic, and ‘Near Threatened’ Bearded Screech-owl Megascops barbarus to determine the trophic level of their prey and evaluate whether diet patterns vary (1) among individuals, (2) spatially along the species's range in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, and (3) temporally during the short- and long-term. Our results indicated that there was diet variation among individuals during the period of feather growth and there was a high positive correlation between stable isotopes in body and rectrices. The stable isotopes showed significant temporal differences in δ15N signature values, but not in δ13C values, with no obviously interpretable temporal pattern. Spatially, values of δ13C and δ15N did not vary across all nine sampled locations. The observed lower δ13C values suggested that this owl lives in humid forests. More long-term studies and spatial dietary and prey analysis will be necessary to increase our understanding of how habitat conditions determine the distribution, abundance and quality of food for the Bearded Screech-owl.

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Short‐ and long‐term diets of the threatened longhorned pygmy devil ray, Mobula eregoodoo determined using stable isotopes

Journal of Fish Biology ◽

10.1111/jfb.14381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 424-434

Author(s):

Katherine B. Burgess ◽

Matt K. Broadhurst ◽

Vincent Raoult ◽

Betty J. L. Laglbauer ◽

Melinda A. Coleman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotopes ◽

Short And Long Term

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Diet pattern and prodromal features of Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000010523 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 95 (15) ◽

pp. e2095-e2108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Samantha Molsberry ◽

Kjetil Bjornevik ◽

Katherine C. Hughes ◽

Brian Healy ◽

Michael Schwarzschild ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson Disease ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Health Study ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Diet Patterns ◽

Diet Pattern

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between diet pattern and prodromal Parkinson disease (PD) features.MethodsThese analyses include 47,679 participants from the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Since 1986, both cohorts have collected dietary information every 4 years and calculated scores for adherence to different diet patterns, including the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). In 2012, participants responded to questions regarding constipation and probable REM sleep behavior disorder. For a subset of 17,400 respondents to the 2012 questionnaire, 5 additional prodromal features of PD were assessed in 2014 to 2015. We used multinomial logistic regression to estimate the association between baseline (1986) diet pattern score quintiles and number of prodromal features (0, 1, 2, or ≥3) in 2012 to 2015. Additional analyses investigated the association between long-term adherence to these dietary patterns over 20 years and prodromal features suggestive of PD.ResultsIn a comparison of extreme aMED diet quintiles, the odds ratio for ≥3 vs 0 features was 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–1.00, false discovery rate [FDR]–adjusted ptrend = 0.03) at baseline and 0.67 (95% CI 0.54–0.83, FDR-ptrend < 0.001) for long-term diet; results were equally strong for the association with AHEI scores. Higher adherence to these diets was inversely associated with individual features, including constipation, excessive daytime sleepiness, and depression.ConclusionsThe inverse association between these diet patterns and prodromal PD features is consistent with previous findings and suggests that adherence to a healthy diet may reduce the occurrence of nonmotor symptoms that often precede PD diagnosis.

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Experience with Short and Long Term Courses of Local Adrenal Steroid Therapy For Ulcerative Colitis

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(62)80117-6 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jean A. Spencer ◽

Joseph B. Kirsner

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Adrenal Steroid ◽

Short And Long Term

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Short- and Long-Term Results of Total vs Subtotal Thyroid- ectomies in the Surgical Treatment of Graves' Disease

Swiss Surgery ◽

10.1024/1023-9332.7.1.20 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert ◽

Mariéthoz ◽

Pache ◽

Bertin ◽

Caulfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Short And Long Term

Objective: Approximately one out of five patients with Graves' disease (GD) undergoes a thyroidectomy after a mean period of 18 months of medical treatment. This retrospective and non-randomized study from a teaching hospital compares short- and long-term results of total (TT) and subtotal thyroidectomies (ST) for this disease. Methods: From 1987 to 1997, 94 patients were operated for GD. Thirty-three patients underwent a TT (mostly since 1993) and 61 a ST (keeping 4 to 8 grams of thyroid tissue - mean 6 g). All patients had received propylthiouracil and/or neo-mercazole and were in a euthyroid state at the time of surgery; they also took potassium iodide (lugol) for ten days before surgery. Results: There were no deaths. Transient hypocalcemia (< 3 months) occurred in 32 patients (15 TT and 17 ST) and persistent hypocalcemia in 8 having had TT. Two patients developed transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after ST (< 3 months). After a median follow-up period of seven years (1-15) with five patients lost to follow-up, 41 patients having had a ST are in a hypothyroid state (73%), thirteen are euthyroid (23%), and two suffered recurrent hyperthyroidism, requiring completion of thyroidectomy. All 33 patients having had TT - with follow-ups averaging two years (0.5-8) - are receiving thyroxin substitution. Conclusions: There were no instances of persistent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in either group, but persistent hypoparathyroidism occurred more frequently after TT. Long after ST, hypothyroidism developed in nearly three of four cases, whereas euthyroidy was maintained in only one-fourth; recurrent hyperthyroidy was rare.

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