Priming effects on seed germination of two perennial herb species in a disturbed lava field in central Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Jafet Belmont ◽  
María E. Sánchez-Coronado ◽  
Helia R. Osuna-Fernández ◽  
Alma Orozco-Segovia ◽  
Irene Pisanty
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Successional Species ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
Herb Species ◽  
Seed Coats

AbstractPriming has proved to enhance seed germination, but most of the research dealing with this topic has been carried out with cultivated species. The potential applications that this process has on wild species, which can be useful for restoration, are usually overlooked. This study analyses the germination response after natural priming and hydropriming of Penstemon roseus and Castilleja tenuiflora, two perennial herbs growing in a protected area known as ‘Parque Ecológico de la Ciudad de México’. Photoblastism was evaluated for both species. Seeds were exposed to a hydration/dehydration cycle and then placed in germination chambers to determine responses to hydropriming. To identify the effects of natural priming, seeds were buried in natural conditions and then recovered every two months and placed in germination chambers. Germination percentages and rates were then quantified. Both species proved to have permeable seed coats. Penstemon roseus seeds are positive photoblastic whereas C. tenuiflora seeds are indifferent to light. Priming methods increased C. tenuiflora germination rates, but they did not affect germination capacity. For P. roseus, priming methods did not improve germination rates, and germination capacity of recovered seeds decreased after the rainy season, suggesting that P. roseus forms a short-term, transient, seed bank. The germination strategies of these two species allow them to occupy suitable microsites for germination and establishment. These responses can be helpful in developing restoration programmes based on the accelerated establishment of native and characteristic successional species.

Improvement of germination capacity of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby by seed priming techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kurucz ◽  
M. G. Fári
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Close Relationship

Abstract Sida hermephrodita or Virginia mallow is a perspective perennial herb in the Malvaceae family able to yield a biomass crop through the last two decades. Additionally, the plants have a lot of uses and benefits for instance it can be used as a fodder crop, honey crop, ornamental plant in public gardens. It has favourable features for example fast growing and resistance against the disease and climatic fluctuations, etc. Since Sida is in the beginning phase of domestication, it has a serious disadvantage: the low and slow germination as a big part of wild plants. Due to the expressly low germination percent, the need of seed showing of driller should tenfold 200 thousand seeds/acre instead of 10–20 thousand, which is not available and expensive. Therefore the practical purpose of our research of seed physiology was to increase the seed germination percent in the available, basically wild Sida population. In the first stage of our experiments we examined two factors relating to seed germination percent and seed germination power during our research: the influence of hot water treatment and the effect of exogenous or endogenous infection of seeds. However, in our germination tests, utilizing the scarified seeds with hot water (65, 80 and 95 °C), from 29.3% to 46% germinated from those samples, which were collected from the population of S. hermaphrodita in Debrecen. The average germination for all season was 5–10% without treatment and rinsed using hot water up to almost 50%. When applying physically scarified use, the oldest seeds showed the best germination (46%) after the hot water operation in spite of the previous studies. We discovered that there is a close relationship between the collecting time of the seeds and the ration of seed infections, as well as germination percentage. Thus, the 2009 season was the most favourable in case of contamination (control: 17.3% and 80 °C treatment: 0%) as well as germination percent. It could be concluded that the best season for our findings was 2009 due to autumn harvest of Sida seeds. In our opinion, the autumn harvesting should be the best time to overcome the problem of the low germination and high infection percentage. We also discovered that apparently there is a close relationship between the seed fresh weight or water uptake capability and the percentage of infection. Following these recognitions, we modified our technique in such a way that we fractionated the seeds based on their fresh weight / or relative density before we carried out the treatment. When we filtered the floating seeds on the surface of water, the hot water treatment was performed considerably better on the sunk seeds after separation. Therefore by this special priming process, we were able to reach 80% germination capacity of Virgina mallow seeds under laboratory conditions (26 °C without illumination).

scholarly journals Seed biology and possibility of improvement of seed germination capacity on Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita L. Rusby)

2014 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Erika Kurucz ◽  
Miklós Fári
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Seed Biology

Sida hermephrodita or Virginia mallow is a perspective perennial herb in the Malvaceae family able to yield a biomass crop through the last two decades. Additionally, the plants have a lot of uses and benefits for instance it can use as a fodder crop, honey crop, ornamental plant in public gardens. It has favourable features like fast growing and resistance against the disease and climatic fluctuations, etc. Sida is in the beginning phase of domestication therefore it has a serious disadvantage: the low and slow germination as a big part of wild plants. Due to the expressly low germination percent the need of seed showing of driller is should tenfold, 200 thousand seeds/acre instead of 10–20 thousand what is not available and expensive Therefore practical purposes of our research of seed physiology was to increase the seed germination percent in a available, basically wild Sida population. In the first stage of our experiments we examined two factors relating to seed germination percent and seed germination power during our research: the influence of hot water treatment and the effect of exogenous or endogenous infection of seed. However, in our germination tests, utilizing scarified seeds with hot water (65 oC, 80 oC, 90 oC), from 29,3% to 46% germinated from those samples which were collected from the population of Sida hermaphrodita in Debrecen. The average germination for all season was 5–10% without treatment and rinsed using hot water up to almost 50%. When physically scarified used, the oldest seeds showed the best germination (46%) after the hot water operation in spite of the previous studies. We discovered that apparently there are close relationship between the seed fresh weight or water uptake capability and the percentage of infection. Following these recognition we modified our technique,in such a way that we fractionated the seeds based on their fresh weight/or relative density before we carried out the treatment. When we filtered the floating seeds on the surface of water, the hot water treatment was performed considerably better on the sunk seeds after separation. Therefore, by this special priming process we were able to reach 80% germination capacity of Virgina mallow seeds under laboratory conditions (26 oC without illumination).

Momordica balsamina L.: An Appraisal on Morphology, Ecological Diversity, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological and Biotechnological Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheed Sabiu ◽  
Christiana Eleojo Aruwa ◽  
Viresh Mohanlall ◽  
Himansu Baijnath
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Toxicological Data ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Bioactive Agents

Background: Momordica balsamina L. is a monoecious climbing vine and perennial herb native to the tropical regions of Asia, Arabia and the Caribbean, and with prominent presence in Nigeria, Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland and Southern African provinces. While evidence of its anecdotal usage as medicine exist, scientific reports complementing the claims are still emerging or at their infancy. Objective: This review appraised the morphology, therapeutic and biotechnological significance of M. balsamina. Method: Online resources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect and MeSH were utilized for literature search and included relevant information from inception till May 2020 to streamline sought outcomes for in-depth discussion. Results: The data gathered and considered worthy of inclusion in this study revealed that M. balsamina is rich in phytonutrients of medicinal significance with cucurbitane-type triterpenoids, balsamin and momordins well characterized and fully elucidated. These compounds and other novel bioactive agents in M. balsamina have found remarkable pharmacological relevance and could further be harnessed for use against several debilitating human disorders. Conclusion: The potential applications of M. balsamina as nutraceutical and pharmaceutical agent should not be undermined. Also, with the inadequate toxicological data on this wild species, its consumption should be with caution and translational studies that could advance scientific knowledge and aid better understanding of both its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics without sidelining its potent biotechnological applications are highly encouraged. It is hoped that this paper will provide baseline information that could serve as a guide and inspiration for further studies on the prospects of M. balsamina.

The Effect of High Concentrations of Ethylene on Seed Germination of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Borno ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Stratified, imbibed Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seeds were exposed to 100% ethylene for times between 0 and 366 h. Germination rate and germination percentage were increased by treatments up to 48 h. The 12-h treatment gave largest stimulation; 30% enhancement of final germination percentage over control. Treatment for 96 h caused increased germination rate for the first 5 days but reduced the germination percentage. Germinants were subject to continuous exposure to atmospheres containing 0.1 – 200 000 ppm ethylene in air, but it did not stimulate growth, and the gas was inhibitory above 100 ppm. Although some effects of high concentrations of ethylene may have been due to the lowering of oxygen supplies, this alone was insufficient to account for the full inhibitory effect. The mechanism of stimulation by short-term exposure to ethylene is discussed.

Variables That Influence the Generation of Random Sequences: An Update

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Brugger
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Random Generation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Random Sequences ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Basic Experiments ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Relevant Work

This article updates Tune's 1964 review of variables influencing human subjects' attempts at generating random sequences of alternatives. It also covers aspects not included in the original review such as randomization behavior by patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Relevant work from animal research (spontaneous alternation paradigm) is considered as well. It is conjectured that Tune's explanation of sequential nonrandomness in terms of a limited capacity of short-term memory can no longer be maintained. Rather, interdependence among consecutive choices is considered a consequence of an organism's natural susceptibility to interference. Random generation is thus a complex action which demands complete suppression of any rule-governed behavior. It possibly relies on functions of the frontal lobes but cannot otherwise be “localized” to restricted regions of the brain. Possible developments in the field are briefly discussed, both with respect to basic experiments regarding the nature of behavioral nonrandomness and to potential applications of random-generation tasks.

scholarly journals Emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats and seedling growth of some genotypes of West African okra (Abelmoschus caillei)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
P.M. Jonah ◽  
G. K. Farauta ◽  
Y. M. Kwaga ◽  
H. E. Shehu ◽  
N. M. Fakuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
West African ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
State University ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Seed Coats

Abstract. In 2017 and 2018 cropping season, field experiment was conducted at the Food and Agricultural Organization and Tree Crop Plantation, Department of Crop Science, Adamawa State University, Mubi using fifteen genotypes of West African okra. The study was undertaken to study the emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats, seedling growth and their development. The seeds of the genotypes were soaked in NaCl solution for 24 hours to accelerate the breaking of seed dormancy and to ease seed germination. Tough seed coat usually impairs seed germination by establishing a permeability barrier which can interrupt water uptake required for imbibition, radicle and seedling emergence. The combined analysis results revealed a highly significant (P≤0.01) difference among these genotypes with respect to days to first and 50% flowering including days to first harvest. Furthermore, accession 3 (NG/SA/DEC/07/0448) and accession 11 (Yar kwadon) flowered earlier, had shortest days to first harvest, recorded the highest number of seedlings and emergence percentage than the other genotypes studied.

scholarly journals Flowering, Fecundity, Seed Germination, and Seed Viability of Viburnum opulus L. Cultivars

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Janine R. Conklin ◽  
James C. Sellmer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Abstract Mature specimens of Viburnum opulus and cultivars ‘Leonard's Dwarf’ and ‘Roseum’ were assessed over 2 years for flower and seed production, seed germination, and seed viability as determined by a tetrazolium test to understand their invasive potential. ‘Aureum’, ‘Compactum’, ‘Losely's Compact’, ‘Nanum’, and ‘Xanthocarpum’ were also tested for germination and viability of seeds. Cultivars differed in flower and seed production, seed germination, and seed viability. ‘Roseum’ prolifically produced highly viable seed that germinated at moderate rates under greenhouse conditions (8,354, 100%, and 73%, respectively). Viburnum opulus and ‘Leonard's Dwarf’ produced fewer viable seed which showed moderate to low germination rates (609, 100%, and 53%; 712, 100%, and 5%, respectively). ‘Aureum’ and ‘Xanthocarpum’ seeds germinated at moderate rates (55 and 25%, respectively) and were highly viable (100%). ‘Compactum’, ‘Losely's Compact’, and ‘Nanum’ germinated at low rates or failed to germinate (0, 0, and 5%, respectively), yet seeds were moderately viable (37, 65, and 55%, respectively). Seeds of all cultivars germinated at low rates or failed to germinate at both outdoor sites (0 to 5%) which suggests these plants may be weakly invasive. Short-term studies on biological traits such as these provide only limited information to assess the invasive potential of cultivars.

scholarly journals Seed Germination Variation among Crop Years from a Pinus sylvestris Clonal Seed Orchard

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Melusi Rampart
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
The Mean

Maternal effects were assessed by germinating seeds sourced over multiple years from the same cloned mother trees, comparing germination capacity and rate between crop years. The relationships between climatic variables, seed characteristics and germination capacity were determined, and thermal time parameters were used to predict seed dormancy release and germination under the climatic conditions in the year after seed collection. There were significant differences in seed weight (P < 0.05), seed length and embryo occupancy (both P < 0.001) among crop years. Temperature during the seed development period explained 70% of the variation in seed weight and 63% of the variation in embryo occupancy. Germination capacity was significantly (P <0.001) different among crop years, among temperatures and among chilling durations, and thermal time requirements for germination increased from older (2007) to younger (2012) seeds. The mean base temperature without chilling was 7.1°C, while after chilling it was 4.6°C and 3.6°C for four and eight weeks chilling respectively. The mean thermal time to 50% germination without chilling was 135.1°Cd, while after chilling it was 118.3°Cd and 154.0°Cd for four and eight weeks chilling respectively. This experiment demonstrates that year-to-year differences in the environment experienced by mother trees during seed maturation can affect seed germination characteristics.

Quasiperiodic-Chaotic Neural Networks and Short-Term Analog Memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 2130003
Author(s):  
Natsuhiro Ichinose
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Quasiperiodic Solution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chaotic Neural Networks ◽  
Analog Memory ◽  
Short Term Visual Memory ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Chaotic Neuron

A model of quasiperiodic-chaotic neural networks is proposed on the basis of chaotic neural networks. A quasiperiodic-chaotic neuron exhibits quasiperiodic dynamics that an original chaotic neuron does not have. Quasiperiodic and chaotic solutions are exclusively isolated in the parameter space. The chaotic domain can be identified by the presence of a folding structure of an invariant closed curve. Using the property that the influence of perturbation is conserved in the quasiperiodic solution, we demonstrate short-term visual memory in which real numbers are acceptable for representing colors. The quasiperiodic solution is sensitive to dynamical noise when images are restored. However, the quasiperiodic synchronization among neurons can reduce the influence of noise. Short-term analog memory using quasiperiodicity is important in that it can directly store analog quantities. The quasiperiodic-chaotic neural networks are shown to work as large-scale analog storage arrays. This type of analog memory has potential applications to analog computation such as deep learning.

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