scholarly journals Emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats and seedling growth of some genotypes of West African okra (Abelmoschus caillei)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
P.M. Jonah ◽  
G. K. Farauta ◽  
Y. M. Kwaga ◽  
H. E. Shehu ◽  
N. M. Fakuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
West African ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
State University ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Seed Coats

Abstract. In 2017 and 2018 cropping season, field experiment was conducted at the Food and Agricultural Organization and Tree Crop Plantation, Department of Crop Science, Adamawa State University, Mubi using fifteen genotypes of West African okra. The study was undertaken to study the emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats, seedling growth and their development. The seeds of the genotypes were soaked in NaCl solution for 24 hours to accelerate the breaking of seed dormancy and to ease seed germination. Tough seed coat usually impairs seed germination by establishing a permeability barrier which can interrupt water uptake required for imbibition, radicle and seedling emergence. The combined analysis results revealed a highly significant (P≤0.01) difference among these genotypes with respect to days to first and 50% flowering including days to first harvest. Furthermore, accession 3 (NG/SA/DEC/07/0448) and accession 11 (Yar kwadon) flowered earlier, had shortest days to first harvest, recorded the highest number of seedlings and emergence percentage than the other genotypes studied.

scholarly journals Effects of Sand Burial Depth on Xanthium Spinosum Seed Germination and Seedling Growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yuanyuan Tao ◽  
Tian-cui Sang ◽  
Jun-jie Yan ◽  
Yun-xia Hu ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Emergence Time ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Sand Burial ◽  
Emergence Rate

Abstract different sand burial depths on seed germination, seedling emergence, growth and biomass allocation were studied to provide a scientific basis for further control of X. spinosum. Six sand burial depths (1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9 cm) were established to explore the response of X. spinosum seed germination and seedling growth to sand burial. The first emergence time, peak emergence time, emergence rate, seedling growth height, biomass and biomass distribution of X. spinosum seeds had significant effects at different sand burial depths (P < 0.05). The X. spinosum seeds had the highest emergence rate (71.5%) at 1 cm sand burial and the maximum seedling height (7.1 cm). As sand burial depth increased, the emergence rate and seedling height gradually decreased, and the emergence rate (12.25%) and seedling height (2.9 cm) were lowest at 9 cm sand burial. The root length at 9 cm depth (13.6 cm) was significantly higher than that at other sand depths (P < 0.05). The sand burial depth affected the biomass accumulation and distribution of X. spinosum. As sand burial depth increased, the root biomass and rhizome ratio increased, and the most deeply buried seedlings allocated more biomass for root growth. The optimal sand burial depth for seed germination and seedling growth of X. spinosum was 1–3 cm, and high burial depth (5–9 cm) was not conducive to the germination and growth of X. spinosum seedlings. For prevention and control of X. spinosum, we suggest deeply ploughing crops before sowing to ensure X. spinosum seeds are ploughed into a deep soil layer.

scholarly journals Production of desert rose seedlings in different potting media

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽  
Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Over the past decade the desert rose received fame in the flower market due to its striking and sculptural forms; however, the commercial production of these species is quite recent and little is known about its crop management, including substrates recommendation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different substrates on desert rose seed germination and production of its seedlings. Experiment I: freshly harvested seeds of desert rose were sown in different substrates e.g. sand, coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark, sand + coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark + sand and coconut fiber + semicomposted pine bark. These substrates were evaluated to study the emergence percentage of seeds, initial growth of seedlings and seedling emergence speed index (ESI). Experiment II: desert rose from the experiment I were transferred to plastic pots filled with the same substrates as in experiment I. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrates were noted every 30 days while the growth parameters of seedlings were recorded after 240 days. Results from experiment I showed higher germination rate and seedling growth in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Similarly, in experiment II, better quality seedlings were observed in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Thus, for desert rose seed germination and seedling growth, it is recommended to use substrates containing semi-composted pine bark.

scholarly journals Suitability of Whole Pine Tree Substrates for Seed Propagation

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Witcher ◽  
Eugene K. Blythe ◽  
Glenn B. Fain ◽  
Kenneth J. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Garden Cress ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Seed Propagation

Wood-based substrates are a viable option for producing crops in containers, but seed propagation in such substrates has not been sufficiently examined. Seed germination and seedling development in processed whole pine tree (Pinus taeda L.) substrates were evaluated using the Phytotoxkit and seedling growth tests. Substrates compared using the Phytotoxkit included a reference soil, aged (WPTA) and fresh (WPTF) whole pine tree, aged (PNA) and fresh (PNF) pine needles, pine bark (PB), peat moss (PM), and saline pine bark (SPB). Substrates evaluated using the seedling growth test included WPTA, WPTF, PB, and a peat-lite (PL) substrate. Seed germination percentage and total root length were evaluated for garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in repeated Phytotoxkit experiments (2010 and 2011). Seed germination percentage was lowest for garden cress in PNF, but similar among all substrates for white mustard and sorghum. Total root length was similar or greater in WPTA compared with PM for all species. Seedling emergence percentage and total root length were evaluated for lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) in repeated seedling growth experiments (2010 and 2011). Seedling emergence percentage varied among substrates and was substantially greater in PL and WPTA compared with PB and WPTF in 2010. Total root length was greatest in PL compared to the other substrates for all species in both years. In addition, PL had significantly lower air space and greater container capacity compared with the other substrates.

scholarly journals Response of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) growth to salt and drought stresses

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sayar ◽  
H. Bchini ◽  
M. Mosbahi ◽  
H. Khemira
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Peg 8000

Two durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cultivars were tested for salt and drought tolerance at germination, seedling emergence and early seedling growth in NaCl and PEG-8000 solutions of different osmotic potentials (&ndash;0.2, &ndash;0.4, &ndash;0.6 and &ndash;0.8 MPa). Daily and final germination and emergence percentage, as well as germination and seedling emergence rate, seedling growth, fresh and dry weight were recorded under controlled conditions. Results showed that germination and emergence rates were delayed by both solutions in both cultivars, but Omrabia showed higher germination and emergence rates than BD290273 in NaCl while BD290273 was less affected by NaCl and PEG solutions at the emergence stage. Sodium chloride had a lesser effect on both cultivars in terms of germination rate, emergence rate, final germination and emergence percentage than did PEG-8000. This conclusively proves that the adverse effect of PEG-8000 on germination, emergence and early seedling growth was due to the osmotic effect rather than to the specific ion. Seedling growth was reduced by both stresses. However, NaCl usually caused less damage than PEG to durum wheat seedlings, suggesting that NaCl and PEG acted through different mechanisms.

EMERGENCE AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF INBRED LINES OF CORN AT SUBOPTIMAL ROOT-ZONE TEMPERATURES

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MENKIR ◽  
E. N. LARTER
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Zone Temperature

Based on the results of an earlier paper, 12 inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.) were evaluated for emergence and seedling growth at three controlled root-zone temperatures (10, 14, and 18 °C). Low root-zone temperatures, 10 and 14 °C, were detrimental to emergence, seedling growth, and root growth of all inbred lines. Differential responses of inbred lines were observed within each temperature regime. The differences in seedling emergence among lines became smaller with increasing root-zone temperature, while the reverse was true for seedling dry weight. Simple correlation coefficients showed a significantly (P = 0.05) negative association between emergence percentage and emergence index (rate). Neither of these two emergence traits was significantly correlated with seedling dry weights. Seedling dry weights were significantly (P = 0.01) and positively associated with root dry weights. Two inbred lines exhibited good tolerance to low root-zone temperatures, viz. CO255 and RB214. A significant and positive correlation existed between emergence percentage at a root-zone temperature of 10 °C and field emergence in test with the same genotypes reported earlier. Selection at a root-zone temperature of 10 °C for a high percentage of seedling emergence, therefore, could be effective in identifying genotypes capable of germinating in cool soils. Furthermore, the significantly (P = 0.01) positive relationship between seedling dry weights at all root-zone temperatures and those from the field test suggest that strains with vigorous seedling growth in the field could be identified using low root-zone temperature regimes.Key words: Zea mays, root-zone temperature, cold tolerance

scholarly journals Effect of Different Sowing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Golden Shower Tree) Senna fistula L

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1547-1550
Author(s):  
O.A. Majekodunmi ◽  
I.O. Abiola ◽  
A.M. Aderemi ◽  
J.O. Adedipe ◽  
O.G. Ogunwale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study investigated the effect of sowing media on the seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of Senna fistula L. Treatments were T1 (Top soil), T2 (River sand), T3 (Grinded coconut husk) and T4 (weathered sawdust), replicated two times for seed germination. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the data generated was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance, while mean separation where appropriate was done using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The different sowing media used had positive effect on the seed emergence, the seeds planted in river sand had the highest emergence percentage of 70%. The different sowing media used did not have any significant effect on the vegetative growth parameters, statistically, they had same effect on the parameters measured. Nonetheless, seedlings from river sand produced highest number of leave (20.4), seedlings from topsoil produced highest plant height and largest leaf area of l0.62 cm and 37.l4 cm2 respectively. The seedlings from weathered sawdust produced the highest stem diameter of 0.79 mm, while seedlings from grinded coconut husk had lowest values for all the growth parameters measured. Therefore, it is recommended that river sand or weathered sawdust can be used to propagate Senna fistula seeds.

Effects of seed covering treatments on the emergence and seedling growth of crisp lettuce drilled with an experimental dibber drill

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr ◽  
Jane R. Fellows ◽  
L. P. Bufton
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Percentage Time ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Emergence Percentage

SUMMARYPelleted seed of the crisp lettuce variety Pennlake was sown on five occasions with units from either the experimental dibber drill designed by the National Institute of Agricultural Engineering or a Stanhay S870 drill. There were three dibber-drill treatments: seeds left in open holes or covered with peat–vermiculite or perlite. Seedling emergence and growth from each sowing of the four drill treatments were compared under different moisture regimes.There were large differences between drill treatments in emergence percentage, time to emergence of 50% of the seedlings which emerged (t50) and seedling weight at all sowings but there was a significant effect of drill treatment on the standard deviation of seedling emergence times at only one sowing. Of the dibber-drill treatments, only very occasionally did open holes or perlite cover give significantly better emergence than peat-vermiculite cover, which gave the most consistent results. In general, the dibber drill with peat-vermiculite cover gave significantly faster and higher emergence and heavier seedlings than the Stanhay drill. Differences in percentage seedling emergence tended to be greater under dry conditions.

Germination Ecology of Milkweedvine (Morrenia odorata)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megh Singh ◽  
Nagi Reddy Achhireddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Germination Ecology ◽  
Optimum Ph

The germination of milkweedvine (Morrenia odorataLindl. ♯3MONOD) seed at 20 or 25 C was unaffected by a 12-h photoperiod. The 12-h photoperiod, however, decreased germination by 50% at 15 C. No germination occurred at 35 C regardless of photoperiod. By alternating 35 C for 12 h with 20 C for 12 h, the germination percentage was 57%. Seedling growth was maximum at alternating temperatures of 30/20 C. Optimum pH for germination and seedling growth was 7 and germination did not occur at pH levels below 6. Seed germination declined steadily at osmotic stress below −0.12 MPa; no germination occurred at −0.5 MPa. Seedling growth was not influenced by osmotic stress down to −0.18 MPa. Germination percentages of seeds kept under aerated water and nonaerated water were similar, but the seedling growth was greater in aerated water. Seedling emergence was maximum from depths of 0.5 to 2.5 cm, but no seedling emerged from 0 or 10 cm. Planting depth was negatively correlated (r = −0.7) with shoot growth but positively correlated (r = +0.98) to root growth.

scholarly journals Rate and Synchrony of Seed Germination Influence Growth of Hydroponic Lettuce

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Bruce B. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The effect of seed germination rate, or of seedling emergence rate, was studied in relation to subsequent plant growth of `Cortina' lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Seedling growth response to selection by time of germination was assessed by imbibing seeds at 5 °C to increase the time range for germination. Germinated seeds were removed daily and transferred to “slants” (germination paper held at 20° from vertical) at 15 °C. Five days after each transfer, root and hypocotyl lengths were measured. As days required for germination increased, root lengths decreased and hypocotyl lengths increased, resulting in no change in total seedling length. The relation between rate of seedling emergence from raw or pelleted seeds of the same lot and shoot fresh weight was examined using commercially practiced hydroponic techniques. Shoot fresh weight at 10 and 21 days after planting was related inversely and linearly to the day of emergence for both seed treatments. In the same study, the coefficient of variation of shoot fresh weight was positively related to time of seedling emergence only at 10 days. Germinated seeds were selected after 1 and 2 days of imbibition; subsequent seedling emergence rate and shoot fresh weight at 25 days were recorded. First-day germinated seeds had faster and more synchronous emergence, and produced heavier and more uniform shoots. Discarding slow-to-germinate seeds should enhance seedling emergence and growth.

scholarly journals Contrasting Effects of NaCl and NaHCO3 Stresses on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Photosynthesis, and Osmoregulators of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Yu ◽  
Yu ◽  
Hou ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Alkaline Salt ◽  
The Common

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the most important food legume for human nutrition globally, contributes greatly to the improvement of soil fertility in semi-dry lands where most of the soil is already salinized or alkalized, such as in the Songnen Plain of China. In this study, we investigated the effects of salt stress (neutral and alkaline) on the salt-tolerant common bean. Seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthesis, and osmotic adjustment were assessed. Neutral and alkaline salt growth environments were simulated using NaCl and NaHCO3, respectively. The results indicated that at ≥60 mmol·L−1, both NaCl and NaHCO3 caused significant delays in seedling emergence and decreased seedling emergence rates. NaHCO3 stress suppressed seedling survival regardless of concentration; however, only NaCl concentrations >60 mmol·L−1 had the same effect. Alkaline salt stress remarkably suppressed photosynthesis and seedling establishment. The common bean compensated for the increase in inorganic anion concentration (influx of Na+) by synthesizing more organic acids and soluble sugars. This adaptive mechanism enabled the common bean to balance the large inflow of cations for maintaining a stable cell pH environment under alkaline salt stress.

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