Desiccation sensitivity and activities of free radical-scavenging enzymes in recalcitrant Theobroma cacao seeds

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changrun Li ◽  
Wendell Q. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Desiccation Sensitivity ◽  
Critical Water Content ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes ◽  
Water Contents

AbstractMature and immature axes of Theobroma cacao (cocoa) seeds tolerated desiccation under a rapid-drying regime to critical water contents of 1.0 and 1.7 g g-1 dw, respectively. These critical water contents corresponded to water contents below which activities of free radical-scavenging enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) decreased rapidly during desiccation. The decline in axis viability below the critical water content was correlated with sharp increases in lipid peroxidation and cellular leakage. Cotyledon tissues were more desiccation-tolerant than axes, with a low critical water content of 0.24 g g–1dw. Desiccation sensitivity in cotyledon tissues was also correlated with the decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and increased lipid peroxidation products. However, in the cotyledons, no ascorbate peroxidase activity was detected at any water content, and peroxidase activity was gradually reduced as desiccation proceeded. Cocoa embryonic axes contained large amounts of sucrose, raffinose and stachyose but only traces of reducing monosaccharides. Desiccation sensitivity of recalcitrant cocoa axes did not appear to be due to the lack of sugar-related protective mechanisms during desiccation, and it was more likely related to the decrease of enzymic protection against desiccation-induced oxidative stresses.

Effects of iron loading on free radical scavenging enzymes and lipid peroxidation in rat liver

1989 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Fletcher ◽  
Faye D. Roberts ◽  
Michael G. Irving ◽  
Lawrie W. Powell ◽  
June W. Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Iron Loading ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes

scholarly journals Antipyretic and antioxidant activities of Eleucine indica

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Ette Okon Ettebong ◽  
◽  
Paul Alozie Nwafor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Samples

Eleucine indica is a medicinal plant used by the Ibibios of southern Nigeria in the treatment of malaria fever and also as a tonic. This study was to evaluate the antipyretic activities of the ethanol extract and the antioxidant activities of the extract, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions of the whole plant. Basal rectal temperatures of adult albino rats of both sexes were recorded and the animals fasted for 24 h but allowed access to water ad libitum. They were then treated with DNP (10 mg/kg) and amphetamine (5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Within 30 min following the administration of amphetamine, animals with increased temperature of 1◦C were selected and randomized into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 received 10 ml/kg of distilled water orally. Group’s 2 - 4 animals were administered 200 – 600 mg/kg of the extract intraperitoneally respectively. Group 5 animals received 100 mg/kg of acetyl salicylic acid orally. Yeast-induced pyrexia was achieved using 10 ml/kg of Brewer’s yeast suspension injected subcutaneously in the back below the neck. Rectal temperatures were then obtained at 0.5 h and thereafter hourly for 5h. Superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase, free radical scavenging with 1, 2-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl, lipid peroxidation and methaemoglobin were measured in rats using standard methods. The result showed a significant (p < 0.05 – 0.001) and dose-dependent reduction in the elevated body temperature in rats pre-treated with the extract compared to control. There were also significantly high levels of superoxide dismutase and increased levels of reduced glutathione, catalase, free radical scavenging activity with DPPH, lipid peroxidation and methaemoglobin in both serum samples and liver homogenates of rats relative to control. These results corroborate with the ethno botanical use of the plant as antipyretic and depicts that the plant has both antioxidant ad pro-oxidant properties.

scholarly journals Glyphosate Plus Carboxylic Compounds Boost Activity of Free Radical-Scavenging Enzymes in Sugarcane

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira ◽  
Ronaldo da Silva Viana ◽  
Paulo Alexandre Monteiro de Figueiredo ◽  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Celso Tadao Miasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes

Drought, heat, and salinity, as well as pests, are stressing agents, which have impressively declined the productivity and quality of sugarcane crop in harsh environments. Our study aimed to examine the effect of various chemical ripeners as alternatives to enhancing the reactiveness of the enzymatic antioxidant system of sugarcane crop. The field experiment consisted of spraying the ingredients, ethephon, ethyl-trinexapac, glyphosate, carboxylic compounds (MTD) and methyl-sulfumeturon on the Brazilian commercial varieties, SP80-1842 and SP80-3280, before flowering stage. The enzymatic assay comprised the monitoring of the rate of degradation of free radical by ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the extract from leaves of 11-month-old plants. Spraying glyphosate at 0.15 L ha−1 with MTD at 1.00 L ha−1 provided the highest activity of CAT, 0.65 µmol H2O2 min−1 mg−1 protein, in variety SP80-1842 Spraying glyphosate at 0.15 L ha−1 with ethephon at 0.33 L ha−1 caused the highest activity of APX, 1.70 nmol ascorbate min−1 mg−1 protein, in variety SP80-3280. The conclusion is, therefore, that mixtures of glyphosate with the insecticide/acaricide, MTD, and with the synthetic ethylene-releasing product, ethephon could help sugarcane crop grow adequately under uncontrollable or unpredictable agroecosystems like marginal lands.

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