ARE THE NEOTROPICAL SWAMP FORESTS A DISTINGUISHABLE FOREST TYPE? PATTERNS FROM SOUTHEAST AND SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Kurtz ◽  
J. L. Valentin ◽  
F. R. Scarano
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Geographical Distances ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Selective Character

This work synthesises information about plant diversity of 37 sites of coastal and inland swamp forests of southeast and southern Brazil and investigates floristic similarities and differences among them. Swamp forests often show low species richness, diversity and evenness, which are associated with the selective character of oxygen deprivation caused by soil waterlogging. However, our results pointed out some degree of site-level variation (Sobs = 5 to 110; Sjack1 = 6 to 151; H′ = 0.82 to 3.98; J′ = 0.51 to 0.87) related to local ecological conditions. Two major phytogeographical patterns emerged from our work: the strong influence of the neighbouring non-flooded vegetation on the flora of swamp forests and its high spatial heterogeneity. At least 85.9% of the 518 species sampled are found in neighbouring non-flooded vegetation. A correspondence analysis consistently separated swamp forests of the coastal plain from those of the plateau. A Mantel test indicated a significant correlation between floristic and geographical distances among sites (r = 0.45; p = 0.001), and highlighted the main effect of regional-scale changes in the flora of swamp forests. We conclude that swamp forests of southeast and southern Brazil cannot be considered a distinguishable floristic unit.

scholarly journals Floristic and structural patterns in South Brazilian coastal grasslands

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2081-2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIANA S. MENEZES ◽  
SANDRA C. MÜLLER ◽  
GERHARD E. OVERBECK
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Vegetation Height

ABSTRACT The natural vegetation of Southern Brazil's coastal region includes grasslands formations that are poorly considered in conservation policy, due to the lack of knowledge about these systems. This study reports results from a regional-scale survey of coastal grasslands vegetation along a 536 km gradient on southern Brazil. We sampled 16 sites along the coastal plain with 15 plots (1 m²) per site. All sites were grazed by cattle. We estimated plant species cover, vegetation height, percentage of bare soil, litter and manure, and classified species according to their growth forms. We found 221 species, 14 of them exotic and two threatened. The prostate grasses: Axonopus aff.affinis, Paspalum notatum and P. pumilumwere among the most important species. Prostrate graminoids species represented the most important vegetation cover, followed by cespitose grasses. Vegetation height, bare soil, litter and manure were similar among all areas, highlighting the homogeneity of sampling sites due to similar management. In comparison to other grasslands formations in Southern Brazil, the coastal grasslands presented rather low species richness. The presence of high values for bare soil at all sampling sites indicates the need to discuss management practices in the region, especially with regard to the intensity of livestock grazing.

LATE QUATERNARY GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF RIO GRANGE DO SUL COASTAL PLAIN, SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIZ JOSÉ TOMAZELLI ◽  
SÉRGIO REBELLO DILLENBURG ◽  
JORGE ALBERTO VILLWOCK
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
History Of

Molecular Detection of Trypanosoma kaiowa in Tabanus triangulum (Diptera: Tabanidae) from the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gratchela D. Rodrigues ◽  
Eduardo Blodorn ◽  
Ândrio Zafalon-Silva ◽  
William Domingues ◽  
Roberta Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

Surnames in south-eastern France: structure of the rural population during the 19th century through isonymy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Célia Kamel ◽  
Bérengère Saliba-Serre ◽  
Marie-Hélène Lizee ◽  
Michel Signoli ◽  
Caroline Costedoat
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Population Evolution ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Geographical Unit ◽  
Geographical Distances ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract An analysis of the distribution of surnames through time and space allows us to understand the structure of human groups, their exchanges or even their possible isolation. The French population has already been studied through surnames and it has been shown that the Sud-Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region differed from the rest of France in both the 20th and 21st centuries (Mourrieras et al., 1995; Scapoli et al., 2005). The objective of this study was to understand the population evolution and particularities of the Sud-Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region through an analysis of the distribution of surnames over an earlier period: the 19th century. For this work, 806,069 birth records from 521 communes between 1810 and 1890 were recorded and a total of 23,340 surnames were collected. The estimation of various isonymic parameters has allowed a description of this corpus never exploited before. In order to appreciate the population evolution, the data set was divided into three periods of 25 years. The canton was the geographical unit of this study, and similarities and differences between each of them were evaluated using Lasker distances, which allow the construction of dendrograms. A positive and significant correlation (p<0.0001) was found between Lasker distances and geographical distances using the Mantel test. The lowest inbreeding estimates were found in the Durance Valley. Migration, estimated from the v-index of Karlin and McGregor (1967), showed higher values in the south-western quarter of the region. The decrease in Rst values across the three periods is consistent with a homogenization of the patronymic between the cantons. This three-period approach showed a population evolution influenced by linguistic, cultural, historical and migratory phenomena since the Middle Ages, disrupted by the socioeconomic changes of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Epiphytic ferns in swamp forest remnants of the coastal plain of southern Brazil: latitudinal effects on the plant community

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia S. Machado ◽  
◽  
Felipe Gonzatti ◽  
Paulo G. Windisch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Forest Remnants

scholarly journals Genetic variability in natural populations of Zeyheria montana mart. from the Brazilian Cerrado

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Waléria Bertoni ◽  
Spartaco Astolfi Filho ◽  
Ernani Ronie Martins ◽  
Carlos Ferreira Damião Filho ◽  
Suzelei de Castro França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Geographical Distances

Zeyheria montana, an endemic species of the Bignoniaceae family from the Brazilian Cerrado's known for its anti-cancer properties, is widely used as imuno stimulant in the popular medicine and its therapeutic activity must be validated by scientific data. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of eight plant populations collected within the state of São Paulo, Brazil, via Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) used as molecular markers. After an optimized protocol for the amplification reaction, nine selected primers generated 105 reproducible bands, indicating up to 60% polymorphism. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed higher genetic variation within populations (84.03%) than among populations (15.97%). The variation values estimated by phiST (0.160) indicated moderate to high inter population structuration. Levels of similarity inter plants with genetic and geographical distances, estimated by the unweighted pair-group method analysis (UPGMA) clustering and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination methods and by the Mantel test (-0.2345 p = 0.118) denoted that the structure found follows the island model, which assumes that a single population of infinite size may have initiated the existing populations of Zeyheria montana, with no spatial position correlation. Based on the obtained data, a germplasm bank from individuals representing the species variability was established. Furthermore the information here reported can be of importance to develop strategies for the conservation of Z. montana.

scholarly journals Morphometric and genetic differentiation among populations of Eupemphix nattereri (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae) from central Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela de M. e Silva ◽  
Aparecido D. da Cruz ◽  
Rogério P. Bastos ◽  
Mariana P. de C. Telles ◽  
José Alexandre F. Diniz-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Geographical Distances ◽  
The Relationship

To assess genetic structure and phenotypic diversity of Eupemphix nattereri Steindachner, 1863, morphometric and molecular analyses were carried out for nine populations from the State of Goiás. A total of 11 morphometric traits were evaluated and genetic information was estimated using RAPD markers. Genetic and phenotypic distances were determined as a function of geographical origin. Correlation among genetic, morphometric, micro, and macroenviromental were analyzed by the Mantel test. Genetic data indicated high levels of genetic diversity (Φst= 0.3) among the nine populations. Mantel tests did not reveal a significant positive correlation between genetic and geographical distances, indicating that locally geographical populations were not genetically similar, even in distances smaller than 50 km. Discriminant analysis on 11 morphometric measurements showed a high divergence among the nine populations. However, a marginally significant correlation (P=0.08) between genetic and morphometric distances was found. The observed correlation was not causal in terms of the relationship between phenotype and genotype, but indicated common spatial structures. Thus, our results suggest that isolation-by-distance processes may explain population divergence in Eupemphix nattereri.

Landscape Biodiversity Characterization in Ecoregion 29 Using MODIS

2013 ◽  
pp. 815-831
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Aung Phey Khant
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Modis Data ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Landscape Biodiversity

Biodiversity conservation is a challenging task due to ever growing impact of global warming and climate change. The chapter discusses various aspects of biodiversity parameters that can be estimated using remote sensing data. Moderate resolution satellite (MODIS) data was used to demonstrate the biodiversity characterization of Ecoregion 29. Forest type map linked to density of the study area was also developed by MODIS data. The outcome states that remote sensing and geographic information systems can be used in combination to derive various parameters related to biodiversity surveillance at a regional scale.

scholarly journals Changes in Vegetation Phenology and Productivity in Alaska Over the Past Two Decades

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Potter ◽  
Olivia Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Vegetation Phenology ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

Understanding trends in vegetation phenology and growing season productivity at a regional scale is important for global change studies, particularly as linkages can be made between climate shifts and the vegetation’s potential to sequester or release carbon into the atmosphere. Trends and geographic patterns of change in vegetation growth and phenology from the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data sets were analyzed for the state of Alaska over the period 2000 to 2018. Phenology metrics derived from the MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time-series at 250 m resolution tracked changes in the total integrated greenness cover (TIN), maximum annual NDVI (MAXN), and start of the season timing (SOST) date over the past two decades. SOST trends showed significantly earlier seasonal vegetation greening (at more than one day per year) across the northeastern Brooks Range Mountains, on the Yukon-Kuskokwim coastal plain, and in the southern coastal areas of Alaska. TIN and MAXN have increased significantly across the western Arctic Coastal Plain and within the perimeters of most large wildfires of the Interior boreal region that burned since the year 2000, whereas TIN and MAXN have decreased notably in watersheds of Bristol Bay and in the Cook Inlet lowlands of southwestern Alaska, in the same regions where earlier-trending SOST was also detected. Mapping results from this MODIS time-series analysis have identified a new database of localized study locations across Alaska where vegetation phenology has recently shifted notably, and where land cover types and ecosystem processes could be changing rapidly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document