Atrial shunts: presentation, investigation, and management, including recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl G. Zvaigzne ◽  
Andrew G. Howarth ◽  
David J. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Invasive Evaluation

AbstractAtrial shunts are a common finding in both paediatric and adult populations. Recent developments in advanced imaging have widened the options for diagnosis and evaluation of such shunts. This paper reviews the various types of interatrial communications, discusses the features of clinical presentation in adults and children, and provides an overview of the clinical assessment including physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterisation, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Focus will be placed on recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging that may improve the non-invasive evaluation of atrial shunts.

scholarly journals Non-invasive diagnostics in fossils - Magnetic Resonance Imaging of pathological belemnites

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mietchen ◽  
H. Keupp ◽  
B. Manz ◽  
F. Volke
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Invasive Diagnostics

Abstract. For more than a decade, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been routinely employed in clinical diagnostics because it allows non-invasive studies of anatomical structures and physiological processes in vivo and to differentiate between healthy and pathological states, particularly of soft tissue. Here, we demonstrate that MRI can likewise be applied to fossilized biological samples and help in elucidating paleopathological and paleoecological questions: Five anomalous guards of Jurassic and Cretaceous belemnites are presented along with putative paleopathological diagnoses directly derived from 3D MR images with microscopic resolution. Syn vivo deformities of both the mineralized internal rostrum and the surrounding former soft tissue can be traced back in part to traumatic events of predator-prey-interactions, and partly to parasitism. Besides, evidence is presented that the frequently observed anomalous apical collar might be indicative of an inflammatory disease. These findings highlight the potential of Magnetic Resonance techniques for further paleontological applications.

scholarly journals Predictors of Spondylolysis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adolescent Athletes With Low Back Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712199546
Author(s):  
Takuji Yokoe ◽  
Takuya Tajima ◽  
Hiroshi Sugimura ◽  
Shinichirou Kubo ◽  
Shotarou Nozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Mri Scans

Background: Spondylolysis and undiagnosed mechanical low back pain (UMLBP) are the main causes of low back pain (LBP) in adolescent athletes. No studies have evaluated the difference in clinical and radiographic factors between these 2 conditions. Furthermore, it remains unclear which adolescent athletes with LBP should undergo advanced imaging examination for spondylolysis. Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiographic factors of adolescent athletes with spondylolysis and UMLBP who did not have neurological symptoms or findings before magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation and to determine the predictors of spondylolysis findings on MRI. Study Design: Cohort study, Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study population included 122 adolescent athletes aged 11 to 18 years who had LBP without neurological symptoms or findings and who underwent MRI. Of these participants, 75 were ultimately diagnosed with spondylolysis, and 47 were diagnosed with UMLBP. Clinical factors and the following radiographic parameters were compared between the 2 groups: spina bifida occulta, lumbar lordosis (LL) angle, and the ratio of the interfacet distance of L1 to that of L5 (L1:L5 ratio, %). A logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate independent predictors of spondylolysis on MRI scans. Results: Significantly more athletes with spondylolysis were male (82.7% vs 48.9%; P < .001), had a greater LL angle (22.8° ± 8.1° vs 19.3° ± 8.5°; P = .02), and had a higher L1:L5 ratio (67.4% ± 6.3% vs 63.4% ± 6.6%; P = .001) versus athletes with UMLBP. A multivariate analysis revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR], 4.66; P < .001) and an L1:L5 ratio of >65% (OR, 3.48; P = .003) were independent predictors of positive findings of spondylolysis on MRI scans. Conclusion: The study findings indicated that sex and the L1:L5 ratio are important indicators for whether to perform MRI as an advanced imaging examination for adolescent athletes with LBP who have no neurological symptoms and findings.

scholarly journals Early Increases in Breast Tumor Xenograft Water Mobility in Response to Paclitaxel Therapy Detected by Non-Invasive Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Neoplasia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Galons ◽  
Maria I. Altbach ◽  
Gillian D. Paine-Murrieta ◽  
Charles W. Taylor ◽  
Robert J. Gillies
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tumor Xenograft ◽  
Water Mobility ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging for the non-invasive diagnosis in patients with ovarian cancer

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (50) ◽  
pp. e23551
Author(s):  
Yongxue Su ◽  
Lingli Deng ◽  
Lijun Yang ◽  
Xianhong Yuan ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive

Accessory Soleus Muscle

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Karagülle Kendi ◽  
Aziz Erakar ◽  
Olcay Oktay ◽  
H. Yusuf Yildiz ◽  
Yener Saglik
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Muscle Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Accessory soleus muscle is an uncommon anatomical variant that may present as a soft-tissue mass in the posteromedial region of the ankle. It is congenital in origin but usually presents in the second or third decade of life. Although it is a rare entity, accessory soleus muscle should be included in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue swelling of the ankle. Awareness of the clinical presentation and specific findings of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and electromyography help with diagnosis without surgical exploration. We describe a 30-year-old patient with accessory soleus muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging features of the case are described, and the literature is briefly reviewed. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 94(6): 587–589, 2004)

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