In-Field Comparison between Fully Automatic and Semi-Automatic Defibrillators

AbstractThe purpose of this clinical study was to compare the prehospital use of fully automatic defibrillators versus semi-automatic defibrillators.Methods:Fully and semi-automatic defibrillator use by EMTs in neighboring communities was compared.Results:Both programs had similar response times, age and gender distribution, proportion of witnessed arrests, and proportion of patients found initially with ventricular fibrillation (VF). The time-to-shock from proper lead placement was shorter when the fully automatic defibrillator was used (16.6 vs. 44.3 seconds; p<.001) and the survival to hospital discharge rate was greater (26% vs. 0%; p=.O4). The semi-automatic defibrillators were more sensitive in detecting VF than were the fully automatic devices.Conclusions:These data support the need for further comparison of the efficacy and effectiveness of semi- and fully automatic, external defibrillators.

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Estimated Cost-Effectiveness of Dispatcher CPR Instruction via Telephone to Bystanders During Out-of-Hospital Ventricular Fibrillation

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x00039558 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 229-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Terence D. Valenzuela ◽

Daniel W. Spaite ◽

Lani L. Clark ◽

Harvey W. Meislin ◽

Raymond O. Sayre

Keyword(s):

Ventricular Fibrillation ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Response Times ◽

Fire Department ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Emergency Medical Technician ◽

Time Interval ◽

Telephone Interviews ◽

Prehospital Emergency ◽

The Cost

AbstractHypothesis:Emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) instruction via telephone (ETCPR) is cost-effective compared to prehospital, emergency medical technician (EMT)/paramedic treatment alone of witnessed, ventricular fibrillation (VF) in adult patients.Methods:A total of 118 patients, age >18 years, with prehospital, witnessed ventricular fibrillation were studied. Patient data were extracted from hospital records, monitor-defibrillator recordings, paramedic reports, dispatching records, and telephone interviews with bystanders. No ETCPR was available during this period. The costs of ETCPR implementation were estimated retrospectively. Marginal cost of the paramedic service attributable to treatment of VF was calculated from fire department records. Years-of-life saved were estimated from age, gender, and race matched norms.Results:Of the 53 patients receiving bystander CPR (BCPR), 14 (26%) survived to hospital discharge versus 4/65 patients (6%) lacking BCPR, These groups did not differ significantly (p>.05) in age, EMS response times, or time from collapse to defibrillation. The mean time interval from collapse to CPR was significantly less for patients with BCPR (1.8 min) than for patients without BCPR (7.1 min). Had all patients received BCPR and survived at the rate of 0.26, 13 additional patients would have survived to hospital discharge. The cost per year-of-life saved by the EMS system with ETCPR would have been [US]$2,834 versus $4,881 without ETCPR. The cost per additional year-of-life saved by ETCPR was estimated to be $560 in patients experiencing out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation.Conclusion:The use of ETCPR instruction of callers by 9-1-1 dispatchers potentially is a cost-effective addition to a two-tier, EMS system for treatment of prehospital ventricular fibrillation.

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Cardiovascular reactions to cold exposures differ with age and gender

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.187 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 187-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

J. A. Wagner ◽

S. M. Horvath

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Output ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Total Peripheral Resistance ◽

Peripheral Resistance ◽

Similar Response ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Blood Flows ◽

Older Subjects ◽

And Gender

This study was conducted since virtually no information was available concerning age- and gender-related differences in cardiovascular adjustments to cold exposure. Men and women between the ages of 20 and 30 and 51 and 72 yr, wearing swim suits, rested for 2 h in 28, 20, 15, and 10 degrees C ambient temperatures (Ta), with 40% relative humidity. Cardiac output (Qc) and stroke volumes (Qs) were higher in younger than older subjects regardless of Ta. Cardiac output was not influenced by gender, but all cold exposures resulted in increased Qs and decreased heart rate in men but not women. Regardless of age or gender, Qc increased about 10% only during exposure to 10 degrees C. Cold exposure resulted in minimal increases in the mean systolic and diastolic pressures (Pa) of the younger subjects. The Pa of older subjects were higher than in the young during 28 degrees C exposures and increased during all cold exposures. Total peripheral resistance and forearm blood flows were higher in older than young subjects exposed to cold. Total peripheral resistance, systolic and diastolic Pa, and finger and forearm blood flows were not affected by gender, but hand plus forearm blood flows were higher in men than women exposed to 28 degrees C. Although Qc appeared adequate to meet increased oxygen demands of shivering in the older subjects, rising Pa may become limiting in extended exposures. A similar response in hypertensive or angina-prone individuals may result in some untoward responses.

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Quantitative cerebral perfusion using dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI: Evaluation of reproducibility and age- and gender-dependence with fully automatic image postprocessing algorithm

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine ◽

10.1002/mrm.21420 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 1232-1241 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Wanyong Shin ◽

Sandra Horowitz ◽

Ann Ragin ◽

Yufen Chen ◽

Matthew Walker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Susceptibility ◽

Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Mri ◽

Image Postprocessing ◽

Fully Automatic ◽

Susceptibility Contrast ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Dependence ◽

Mri Evaluation

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Maintenance Requirements Associated With Mandibular Implant Overdentures: Clinical Results After First Year of Service

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-10-00096 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 697-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Hakan Bilhan ◽

Onur Geckili ◽

Emre Mumcu ◽

Caglar Bilmenoglu

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Clinical Results ◽

Bite Force ◽

First Year ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Related Factors ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Adaptation Condition ◽

And Gender ◽

Maintenance Requirements

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the prosthodontic maintenance requirements during the first year of service of mandibular overdentures supported by interforaminal implants and to assess the influence of attachment type, implant number, and bite force on these requirements. Fifty-nine patients treated with mandibular implant overdentures between the years 2004 and 2009 and appearing in the 12th-month recall were included in this study. The overdentures constituted 4 groups: 2 single interforaminal implants (1 group with locator and 1 group with ball attachments), 3 single interforaminal implants, 3 splinted interforaminal implants (bar), and 4 splinted interforaminal implants (bar). During the examination, prosthetic parameters such as occlusion, tissue adaptation, condition of the retentive mechanism (matrice and patrice), and the condition of the denture-bearing tissues were evaluated and recorded. No statistically significant relation was found between attachment type, bite force values, implant number, and the occurring complications except the need for relining, which was found significantly more in the ball attachments than in other attachment groups (P = .03). After 12 months following the overdenture insertion, there seems to be no relation between occurring complications and patient-related factors, such as maximum bite force, age, and gender, as well as factors related to the overdentures such as number and type of attachments.

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Assessment of Thickness of Palatal Masticatory Mucosa and Maximum Graft Dimensions at Palatal Vault Associated with Age and Gender – A Clinical Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2014/8703.4314 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramesh KSV

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

Palatal Vault

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Power-Law Distribution of Natural Visibility Graphs from Reaction Times Series

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym11040563 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 563 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mira-Iglesias ◽

Navarro-Pardo ◽

Conejero

Keyword(s):

Power Law ◽

Network Science ◽

Response Times ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Power Law Distribution ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Times Series ◽

Visibility Graphs ◽

And Gender ◽

Best Fit

In this study, we analyze the response times of students to yes/no decision tasks from the perspective of network science. We analyze the properties of the natural visibility graphs (NVG) associated with their reaction time series. We observe that the degree distribution of these graphs usually fits a power-law distribution px = x-α. We study the range in which parameter α occurs and the changes of this exponent with respect to the age and gender of the students. In addition to this, we also study the links between the parameter α and the parameters of the ex-Gaussian distribution that best fit the response times for each subject.

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