scholarly journals Functional Brain Alterations Associated With Cognitive Control in Blast-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle R. Sullivan ◽  
Jasmeet P. Hayes ◽  
Ginette Lafleche ◽  
David H. Salat ◽  
Mieke Verfaellie
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Default Mode

AbstractObjectives: Research on the cognitive sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) suggests that, despite generally rapid recovery, difficulties may persist in the domain of cognitive control. The goal of this study was to examine whether individuals with chronic blast-related mTBI show behavioral or neural alterations associated with cognitive control. Methods: We collected event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data during a flanker task in 17 individuals with blast-related mTBI and 16 individuals with blast-exposure without TBI (control). Results: Groups did not significantly differ in behavioral measures of cognitive control. Relative to the control group, the mTBI group showed greater deactivation of regions associated with the default mode network during the processing of errors. Additionally, error processing in the mTBI group was associated with enhanced negative coupling between the default mode network and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex as well as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, regions of the salience and central executive networks that are associated with cognitive control. Conclusions: These results suggest that deactivation of default mode network regions and associated enhancements of connectivity with cognitive control regions may act as a compensatory mechanism for successful cognitive control task performance in mTBI. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1–11)

scholarly journals Network disruption following mild traumatic brain injury: clinical and experimental research implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1592-1594
Author(s):  
Casey Swick ◽  
Tiffany Andersen ◽  
Ana-Mercedes Flores
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Postconcussive Symptoms ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
Network Disruption ◽  
Insight Into

Illuminating the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie persistent postconcussive symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing area of study. Alhourani et al. ( J Neurophysiol 116: 1840–1847, 2016) added to this emerging body of literature with their study examining default mode network disruption in mTBI using magnetoencephalography. The findings provided enhanced insight into the neural underpinnings of mTBI, which can be applied to future clinical and experimental research in this area.

Exploring Variations in Functional Connectivity of the Resting State Default Mode Network in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic E. Nathan ◽  
Terrence R. Oakes ◽  
Ping Hong Yeh ◽  
Louis M. French ◽  
Jamie F. Harper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Default Mode

scholarly journals Default mode network interference in mild traumatic brain injury – A pilot resting state study

2013 ◽  
Vol 1537 ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandler Sours ◽  
Jiachen Zhuo ◽  
Jacqueline Janowich ◽  
Bizhan Aarabi ◽  
Kathirkamanthan Shanmuganathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
State Study ◽  
Network Interference

scholarly journals Strength and Temporal Variance of the Default Mode Network to Investigate Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Service Members with Psychological Trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117906951983396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N Dretsch ◽  
D Rangaprakash ◽  
Jeffrey S Katz ◽  
Thomas A Daniel ◽  
Adam M Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Temporal Variance

Background: There is a significant number of military personnel with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) who suffer from comorbid posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS). Although there is evidence of disruptions of the default mode network (DMN) associated with PTS and mTBI, previous studies have only studied static connectivity while ignoring temporal variability of connectivity. Objective: To assess DMN disrupted or dysregulated neurocircuitry, cognitive functioning, and psychological health of active-duty military with mTBI and PTS. Method: U.S. Army soldiers with PTS (n = 14), mTBI + PTS (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 21) voluntarily completed a cognitive and symptom battery. In addition, participants had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess both static functional connectivity (SFC) and variance of dynamic functional connectivity (vDFC) of the DMN. Results: Both the PTS and mTBI + PTS groups had significant symptoms, but only the comorbid group had significant decrements in cognitive functioning. Both groups showed less stable and disrupted neural signatures of the DMN, mainly constituting the cingulate-frontal-temporal-parietal attention network. Specifically, the PTS group showed a combination of both reduced contralateral strength and reduced unilateral variability of frontal- cingulate- temporal connectivities, as well as increased variability of frontal- parietal connectivities. The mTBI + PTS group had fewer abnormal connectives than the PTS group, all of which included reduced strength of frontal- temporal regions and reduced variability frontal- cingulate- temporal regions. Greater SFC and vDFC connectivity of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) ↔ precuneus was associated with higher cognitive scores and lower symptom scores. Conclusions: Findings suggest that individuals with PTS and mTBI + PTS have a propensity for accentuated generation of thoughts, feelings, sensations, and/or images while in a resting state. Compared with controls, only the PTS group was associated with accentuated variability of the frontal- parietal attention network. While there were no significant differences in DMN connectivity strength between the mTBI + PTS and PTS groups, variability of connectivity was able to distinguish them.

Disruption of periaqueductal grey-default mode network functional connectivity predicts persistent post-traumatic headache in mild traumatic brain injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Niu ◽  
Lijun Bai ◽  
Yingxiang Sun ◽  
Shan Wang ◽  
Jieli Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Periaqueductal Grey ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Post Traumatic

ObjectivePost-traumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most frequent and persistent physical symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and develop in more than 50% of this population. This study aimed to investigate the periaqueductal grey (PAG)-seeded functional connectivity (FC) in patients with mTBI with acute post-traumatic headache (APTH) and further examine whether the FC can be used as a neural biomarker to identify patients developing chronic pain 3 months postinjury.Methods70 patients with mTBI underwent neuropsychological measurements and MRI scans within 7 days postinjury and 56 (80%) of patients were followed up at 3 months. 46 healthy controls completed the same protocol on recruitment to the study. PAG-seeded resting-state FC analysis was measured in 54 patients with mTBI with APTH, in comparison with 46 healthy volunteers.ResultsThe mTBI+APTH group presented significantly reduced PAG-seeded FC within the default mode network (DMN), compared with healthy volunteers group. The connectivity strength can also predict patients’ complaints on the impact of headache on their lives. Crucially, the initial FC strength between the PAG-right precuneus as well as the PAG-right inferior parietal lobule became the important predictor to identify patients with mTBI developing persistent PTH 3 months postinjury.ConclusionsPatients with mTBI+APTH exhibited significant PAG-related FC differences mainly within the DMN. These regions extended beyond traditional pain processing areas and may reflect the diminished top-down attention regulation of pain perception through antinociceptive descending modulation network. The disrupted PAG-DMN FC may be used as an early imaging biomarker to identify patients at risk of developing persistent PTH.

scholarly journals Default-Mode Network Disruption in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Radiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 882-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxia Zhou ◽  
Michael P. Milham ◽  
Yvonne W. Lui ◽  
Laura Miles ◽  
Joseph Reaume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Network Disruption

scholarly journals Elevated levels of serum, but not salivary, brain-derived neurotrophic factor following mild traumatic brain injury in collegiate athletes post return-to-play

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205970021989410
Author(s):  
Taylor R Susa ◽  
Ryan D Brandt ◽  
Keara J Kangas ◽  
Catherine E Bammert ◽  
Erich N Ottem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Serum Bdnf

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) helps restore neuronal function following mild traumatic brain injury. BDNF levels can be obtained in blood serum and more recently in saliva. However, the relationship between serum and salivary BDNF is poorly understood—especially in relation to alterations in BDNF levels following mild traumatic brain injury. In this study, serum and salivary BDNF were collected from a sample of 42 collegiate student athletes. Half of the participants were recently cleared by a physician and/or an athletic trainer to return-to-play after experiencing a sports-related concussion. The other half had not experienced a concussion within the past year and were matched by age, sex, sport, and time of sample. Results suggest that incidences of depression, anxiety, and stress were all elevated in the concussion group, relative to the control participants. When controlling for stress-related negative affect, serum BDNF was elevated in the concussion group. However, there was no difference in salivary BDNF. Serum and salivary BDNF were uncorrelated across the entire sample. Yet, these measures of BDNF were correlated in the concussion group, but not the control group. In sum, serum BDNF is elevated in concussion post return-to-play; however, further research is needed to explore the utility of salivary BDNF following concussion.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Approach to Traumatic Axonal Injury of the Spinothalamic Tract in Individual Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Pain ◽  
Traumatic Axonal Injury ◽  
Spinothalamic Tract ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Control Subjects

Objectives: We investigated an approach for the diagnosis of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) of the spinothalamic tract (STT) that was based on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) results and a statistical comparison of individual patients who showed central pain following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with the control group. Methods: Five right-handed female patients in their forties and with central pain following mTBI and 12 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched healthy control subjects were recruited. After DTT reconstruction of the STT, we analyzed the STT in terms of three DTT parameters (fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and fiber number (FN)) and its configuration (narrowing and tearing). To assess narrowing, we determined the area of the STT on an axial slice of the subcortical white matter. Results: the FN values were significantly lower in at least one hemisphere of each patient when compared to those of the control subjects (p < 0.05). Significant decrements from the STT area in the control group were observed in at least one hemisphere of each patient (p < 0.05). Regarding configurational analysis, the STT showed narrowing and/or partial tearing in at least one hemisphere of each of the five patients. Conclusions: Herein, we demonstrate a DTT-based approach for the diagnosis of TAI of the STT. The approach involves a statistical comparison between DTT parameters of individual patients who show central pain following mTBI and those of an age-, gender-, and handedness-matched control group. We think that the method described in this study can be useful in the diagnosis of TAI of the STT in individual mTBI patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document