scholarly journals Air pollution trade-offs in developing countries: an empirical model of health effects in Goa, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Das ◽  
Vikram Dayal ◽  
Anand Murugesan ◽  
Uma Rajarathnam
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Total Exposure ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract Developing countries experience both household air pollution resulting from the use of biomass fuels for cooking and industrial air pollution. We conceptualise and estimate simultaneous exposure to both outdoor and household air pollution by adapting the Total Exposure Assessment model from environmental health sciences. To study the relationship between total exposure and health, we collected comprehensive data from a region (Goa) in India that had extensive mining activity. Our data allowed us to apportion individuals’ exposure to pollution in micro-environments: indoor, outdoor, kitchen, and at work. We find that higher cumulative exposure to air pollution is positively associated with both self-reported and clinically- diagnosed respiratory health issues. Households in regions with higher economic (mining) activity had higher incomes and had switched to cleaner cooking fuels. In other words, household air pollution due to higher biomass use had been substituted away for outdoor air pollution in regions with economic activity.

scholarly journals Greenspace availability or greenspace usability, which matters on PM2.5-related premature deaths: evidence from 360 cities in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingru Yang ◽  
Yijin Wang ◽  
Fangzheng Li ◽  
Yuge Xie ◽  
Xiaoli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Deprived Areas

Abstract Greenspace exposure is confirmed to reduce air pollution-related negative health impact. However, which type of greenspace exposure matters more on mitigating air pollution-related deaths and whether this effect is regionally different remain unclear. Here we show, greenspace usability exposure plays a more significant role in mitigating PM2.5-related premature deaths in 360 China cities generally speaking. By clustering 360 cities into urban-rural and Deprivation Index groups, we further find that greenspace availability and usability together work on respiratory health in rural regions, and greenspace availability matters more in very low deprived areas or urban and rural regions. Our results that increasing greenspace usability exposure is more helpful in reducing air pollution-related premature deaths may inform more effective and equitable greenspace planning policies in rapidly developing countries like China.

Effect of stove intervention on household air pollution and the respiratory health of women and children in rural Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Oluwole ◽  
Godson R. Ana ◽  
Ganiyu O. Arinola ◽  
Tess Wiskel ◽  
Adeyinka G. Falusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Women And Children

scholarly journals Household Air Pollution Is Associated with Chronic Cough but Not Hemoptysis after Completion of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment in Adults, Rural Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Katoto ◽  
Aime Murhula ◽  
Tony Kayembe-Kitenge ◽  
Herve Lawin ◽  
Bertin Bisimwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Little is known about the respiratory health damage related to household air pollution (HAP) in survivors of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). In a population-based cross-sectional study, we determined the prevalence and associated predictors of chronic cough and hemoptysis in 441 randomly selected PTB survivors living in 13 remote health zones with high TB burden in the South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Trained community and health-care workers administered a validated questionnaire. In a multivariate logistic regression, chronic cough was independently associated with HAP (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 2.10, 95% CI: 1.10–4.00) and PTB treatment >6 months (aOR 3.80, 95% CI: 1.62–8.96). Among women, chronic cough was associated with cooking ≥3 h daily (aOR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.25–6.07) and with HAP (aOR 3.93, 95% CI: 1.15–13.43). Independent predictors of hemoptysis were PTB retreatment (aOR 3.04, 95% CI: 1.04–5.09) and ignorance of treatment outcome (aOR 2.24, 95% CI: 1.09–4.58) but not HAP (aOR 1.86, 95% CI: 0.61–5.62). Exposure to HAP proved a major risk factor for chronic cough in PTB survivors, especially in women. This factor is amenable to intervention.

scholarly journals Household Air Pollution and Respiratory Health in Rural Crete, Greece: A Cross-Sectional FRESH AIR Study

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Marilena Anastasaki ◽  
Ioanna Tsiligianni ◽  
Dimitra Sifaki-Pistolla ◽  
Vasiliki Eirini Chatzea ◽  
Andreas Karelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines ◽  
Wood Stoves

Breathing polluted air is a risk to respiratory conditions. During the Greek financial crisis, the use of household fireplaces/wood stoves shifted from mostly decorative to actual domestic heating, resulting in increased indoor smoke production. We aimed to evaluate household air pollution (HAP), fuel use and respiratory symptoms in rural Crete, Greece. PM2.5 and CO were measured in 32 purposively selected rural households (cross-sectional study) at periods reflecting lesser (baseline) versus extensive (follow-up) heating. Clinical outcomes were assessed using questionnaires. Mean PM2.5 were not significantly different between measurements (36.34 µg/m3 vs. 54.38 µg/m3, p = 0.60) but exceeded the WHO air quality guidelines. Mean and maximal CO levels were below the WHO cut-offs (0.56 ppm vs. 0.34 ppm, p = 0.414 and 26.1 ppm vs. 9.72 ppm, p = 0.007, respectively). In total, 90.6% of households were using wood stoves or fireplaces for heating, but half also owned clean fuel devices. The differences between devices that were owned versus those that were used were attributed to financial reasons. In both cases, the most frequent respiratory symptoms were phlegm (27.3% vs. 15.2%; p = 0.34) and cough (24.2% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.22). Our findings demonstrate the magnitude of HAP and confirm the return to harmful practices during Greece’s austerity. Upon validation, these results can support strategies for fighting fuel poverty, empowering communities and strengthening local health systems.

Household Air Pollution Related to Solid Cookfuel Use: The Exposure and Health Situation in Developing Countries

2014 ◽  
pp. 125-144
Author(s):  
Kalpana Balakrishnan ◽  
Sambandam Sankar ◽  
Santu Ghosh ◽  
Gurusamy Thangavel ◽  
Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Health Situation

scholarly journals ERS/ATS workshop report on respiratory health effects of household air pollution

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1700698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Sood ◽  
Nour A. Assad ◽  
Peter J. Barnes ◽  
Andrew Churg ◽  
Stephen B. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
World Population ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Lung Function Decline

Exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel combustion affects almost half of the world population. Adverse respiratory outcomes such as respiratory infections, impaired lung growth and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been linked to HAP exposure. Solid fuel smoke is a heterogeneous mixture of various gases and particulates. Cell culture and animal studies with controlled exposure conditions and genetic homogeneity provide important insights into HAP mechanisms. Impaired bacterial phagocytosis in exposed human alveolar macrophages possibly mediates several HAP-related health effects. Lung pathological findings in HAP-exposed individuals demonstrate greater small airways fibrosis and less emphysema compared with cigarette smokers. Field studies using questionnaires, air pollution monitoring and/or biomarkers are needed to better establish human risks. Some, but not all, studies suggest that improving cookstove efficiency or venting emissions may be associated with reduced respiratory symptoms, lung function decline in women and severe pneumonia in children. Current studies focus on fuel switching, stove technology replacements or upgrades and air filter devices. Several governments have initiated major programmes to accelerate the upgrade from solid fuels to clean fuels, particularly liquid petroleum gas, which provides research opportunities for the respiratory health community.

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