Why You'll Regret Not Reading This Paper

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 135-156
Author(s):  
Mark Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Anticipated Regret ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Life Decision

AbstractIn this paper, I explore the role for anticipated regret in major life decision-making, focusing on how it is employed by realistic decision-makers in a variety of realistic cases. I argue that the most obvious answers to how regret might matter in decision do not make these cases intelligible, but that we can make them intelligible through consideration of the significance of narrative in our own self-understanding.

Jurors and Serial Killers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair J. L. Blanshard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Serial Killers ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Forensic Rhetoric ◽  
Life Decision ◽  
Governmental System

In this chapter, Blanshard examines one of the peculiarities of deliberative practice in the Athenian democratic governmental system, namely the tendency for decision-making to occur within the supportive presence of a network of peers. No major life decision, whether it related to the marriage of children, the sale of property, or the arrangements of funerals, was taken without wide consultation among friends and family. This means that when individuals were forced into situations of decision-making without the presence of their support networks, those decisions became, at the least, unsettling and potentially traumatic. One of the few occasions where we find such isolated decision-making is the Athenian lawcourt. The process of jury-sortition, combined with randomized seating allocation within the lawcourt, meant that the Athenian juror when he sat to deliberate was uniquely alone. Analysis of forensic rhetoric reveals how orators played up this sense of isolation and confusion.

scholarly journals Operationalizing legal rights in end-of- life decision-making: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110401
Author(s):  
Cheryl Tilse ◽  
Lindy Willmott ◽  
Jill Wilson ◽  
Rachel Feeney ◽  
Ben White
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Terminally Ill Patients ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
Substitute Decision Makers ◽  
End Of Life Decision ◽  
Life Decision

Background: For a patient’s legal right to make end-of-life treatment decisions to be respected, health care practitioners, patients and their substitute decision-makers must know what rights exist and how to assert them (or support others to assert them). Yet very little is known about what enhances or obstructs the operationalization of legal rights from the perspective of patients, family members and substitute decision-makers. Aim: To explore barriers and facilitators to the operationalization of rights in end-of-life decision-making from the perspectives of terminally-ill patients and family members and substitute decision-makers of terminally ill patients in Australia. Design: Semi-structured interviews (face to face and telephone) with patients, family or substitute decision-makers experienced in end-of-life decision-making completed between November 2016 and October 2017. A thematic content analysis of interview transcripts. Setting/participants: Purposive sampling across three Australian states provided 16 terminally-ill patients and 33 family and/or substitute decision-makers. Results: Barriers and facilitators emerged across three overlapping domains: systemic factors; individual factors, influenced by personal characteristics and decision-making approach; and communication and information. Health care practitioners play a key role in either supporting or excluding patients, family and substitute decision-makers in decision-making. Conclusion: In addition to enhancing legal literacy of community members and health practitioners about end-of-life decision-making, support such as open communication, advocacy and help with engaging with advanced care planning is needed to facilitate people operationalizing their legal rights, powers and duties. Palliative care and other support services should be more widely available to people both within and outside health systems.

scholarly journals At the end: A vignette-based investigation of strategies for managing end-of-life decisions in the intensive care unit

2020 ◽  
pp. 175114372095472
Author(s):  
Tom W Reader ◽  
Ria Dayal ◽  
Stephen J Brett
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Life Decisions ◽  
End Of Life Decision ◽  
Life Decision

Background Decision-making on end-of-life is an inevitable, yet highly complex, aspect of intensive care decision-making. End-of-life decisions can be challenging both in terms of clinical judgement and social interaction with families, and these two processes often become intertwined. This is especially apparent at times when clinicians are required to seek the views of surrogate decision makers (i.e., family members) when considering palliative care. Methods Using a vignette-based interview methodology, we explored how interactions with family members influence end-of-life decisions by intensive care unit clinicians ( n = 24), and identified strategies for reaching consensus with families during this highly emotional phase of care. Results We found that the enactment of end-of-life decisions were reported as being affected by a form of loss aversion, whereby concerns over the consequences of not reaching a consensus with families weighed heavily in the minds of clinicians. Fear of conflict with families tended to arise from anticipated unrealistic family expectations of care, family normalization of patient incapacity, and belief systems that prohibit end-of-life decision-making. Conclusions To support decision makers in reaching consensus, various strategies for effective, coherent, and targeted communication (e.g., on patient deterioration and limits of clinical treatment) were suggested as ways to effectively consult with families on end-of-life decision-making.

scholarly journals End-of-Life Decision Support in the ICU: Where Are We Now?

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Pignatiello ◽  
Ronald L. Hickman ◽  
Breanna Hetland
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Surrogate Decision Makers ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
End Of Life Decision ◽  
Life Decision

Determining effective decision support strategies that enhance quality of end-of-life decision making in the intensive care unit is a research priority. This systematic review identified interventional studies describing the effectiveness of decision support interventions administered to critically ill patients or their surrogate decision makers. We conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane. Our search returned 121 articles, 22 of which met the inclusion criteria. The search generated studies with significant heterogeneity in the types of interventions evaluated and varied patient and surrogate decision-maker outcomes, which limited the comparability of the studies. Few studies demonstrated significant improvements in the primary outcomes. In conclusion, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of end-of-life decision support for critically ill patients and their surrogate decision makers. Additional research is needed to develop and evaluate innovative decision support interventions for end-of-life decision making in the intensive care unit.

Decision making based on intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations with additive approximate consistency

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 4041-4058
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Xu Tan ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Real Interval ◽  
Preference Relations ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Fuzzy Preference Relations ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Fuzzy Weights ◽  
Fuzzy Preference

Intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations (IFPRs) have the natural ability to reflect the positive, the negative and the non-determinative judgements of decision makers. A decision making model is proposed by considering the inherent property of IFPRs in this study, where the main novelty comes with the introduction of the concept of additive approximate consistency. First, the consistency definitions of IFPRs are reviewed and the underlying ideas are analyzed. Second, by considering the allocation of the non-determinacy degree of decision makers’ opinions, the novel concept of approximate consistency for IFPRs is proposed. Then the additive approximate consistency of IFPRs is defined and the properties are studied. Third, the priorities of alternatives are derived from IFPRs with additive approximate consistency by considering the effects of the permutations of alternatives and the allocation of the non-determinacy degree. The rankings of alternatives based on real, interval and intuitionistic fuzzy weights are investigated, respectively. Finally, some comparisons are reported by carrying out numerical examples to show the novelty and advantage of the proposed model. It is found that the proposed model can offer various decision schemes due to the allocation of the non-determinacy degree of IFPRs.

strategi dalam pengambilan keputusan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suci Handayani Handayani ◽  
Hade Afriansyah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Imperfect Information ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Information Time ◽  
Complex Matter ◽  
General Individuals

Decision making is one element of economic value, especially in the era of globalization, and if it is not acceptable in the decision making process, we will be left behind. According to Robins, (2003: 173), Salusu, (2000: 47), and Razik and Swanson, (1995: 476) say that decision making can be interpreted as a process of choosing a number of alternatives, how to act in accordance with concepts, or rules in solving problems to achieve individual or group goals that have been formulated using a number of specific techniques, approaches and methods and achieve optimal levels of acceptance.Decision making in organizations whether a decision is made for a person or group, the nature of the decision is often determined by rules, policies, prescribed, instructions that have been derived or practices that apply. To understand decision making within the organization it is useful to view decision making as part of the overall administrative process. In general, individuals tend to use simple strategies, even if in any complex matter, to get the desired solution, because the solution is limited by imperfect information, time and costs, limited thinking and psychological stress experienced by decision makers.

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