scholarly journals Determinants of undernutrition in rural communities of a protected area in Gabon

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1711-1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Blaney ◽  
M Beaudry ◽  
M Latham
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Women Caregivers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Healthy Environment

AbstractObjectiveTo understand how access to natural resources may contribute to nutrition.DesignIn each of the two major seasons, data were collected during a 7 d period using observations, semi-structured interviews, anthropometric measures and a weighed food consumption survey.SettingFour rural communities selected to represent inland and coastal areas of the Gamba Complex in Gabon.SubjectsIn each community, all individuals from groups vulnerable to malnutrition, i.e. children aged 0–23 months (n 41) and 24–59 months (n 63) and the elderly (n 101), as well as women caregivers (n 96).ResultsIn most groups, household access to natural resources was associated with household access to food but not with individual nutritional status. In children aged 0–23 months, access to care and to health services and a healthy environment were the best predictors of length-for-age (adjusted R2: 14 %). Health status was the only predictor of weight-for-height in children aged 24–59 months (adjusted R2: 14 %). In women caregivers, household food security was negatively associated with nutritional status, as was being younger than 20 years (adjusted R2: 16 %). Among the elderly, only nutrient adequacy predicted nutritional status (adjusted R2: 5 %).ConclusionImproving access to care and health for young children would help reverse the process of undernutrition. Reaching a better understanding of how the access of individuals to both food and other resources relate to household access could further our appreciation of the constraints to good nutrition. This is particularly relevant in women to ensure that their possibly important contribution to the household is not at their own expense.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and dietary adequacy in rural communities of a protected area in Gabon

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1946-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Blaney ◽  
M Beaudry ◽  
M Latham ◽  
M Thibault
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dietary Adequacy ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Weighing Method

AbstractObjectiveAs part of a larger study designed to understand how to protect the food and nutrition security of individuals living in a protected area of Gabon, we assessed their nutritional status and its relationship to dietary adequacy and health status.DesignA 7 d food consumption survey was conducted during each of the two major seasons using a weighing method. Data were also collected on weight, height and health of individuals as well as on sociodemographic characteristics and potential determinants of the nutrition situation.SettingFour rural communities were intentionally selected to represent both inland and coastal settings and access to food markets.SubjectsApproximately 500 individuals representing over 90 % of the population of these communities participated in the survey during each season.ResultsUndernutrition was present in the area, particularly among children <5 years of age and the elderly. Health was generally good and under-fives were most frequently ill. Energy, Fe and vitamin A requirements of individuals were generally not satisfied; the opposite was true for protein. The estimated prevalence of inadequate intakes of energy and vitamin A was very high in most age groups. Global nutrient adequacy was associated with nutritional outcome.ConclusionsIndividuals do not eat enough and breast-feeding practices are poor. Many suffer from undernutrition, particularly young children and the elderly. The results confirm the need to investigate the determinants of this poor nutrition situation to ensure that protection of natural resources will not be associated with harm to the well-being of the population.

scholarly journals Use of the Coyol Palm (Acrocomia aculeata) for the Production of “Taberna,” a Traditional Fermented Beverage in México

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Ambrocio-Ríos ◽  
Carolina Orantes-García ◽  
María S. Sánchez-Cortés ◽  
Alma G. Verdugo-Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Biocultural Heritage ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Fermented Beverage ◽  
Acrocomia Aculeata ◽  
Management And Conservation

Acrocomia aculeata is a palm, which is used for various purposes in different rural communities in southeastern Mexico; among which is the obtaining of a traditional fermented beverage called “taberna.” The objective of this study was to know the management that taberna producers give to the coyol palm. The work was carried out between march and april 2016 in two communities in Chiapas. The information on palm management was obtained by applying semi-structured interviews to the families that make the beverage in each community, who narrated the process of using the palm; from its care in the field, to its court for the elaboration of a taberna and the uses and customs that revolve around this activity were described. With this work, it was possible to know the details of the elaboration of the beverage from a social and cultural perspective, which is surrounded by traditional knowledge, with great biocultural importance that gives identity not only to the communities that possess the resource, but also to the families that they take advantage of it. With this, it is expected to contribute to a management and conservation plan for the species, to guarantee the resource to the communities and preserve the biological and cultural diversity associated with this activity, given that the use of natural resources is ultimately a biocultural heritage that implies a relationship between natural resources, people, regions and local culture.

scholarly journals Challenges in Community Participation in Management of Nature Reserves

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Luyolo Mahlangabeza ◽  
Loyiso Zwelakhe
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Community Property ◽  
Community Representation

The management and protection of protected areas such as nature reserves remains a primary concern for the different stakeholders involved especially the marginalised rural communities that are deprived of genuine ownership of the natural resources. Therefore, the representation of the marginalised rural communities adjacent to the protected areas has become significant in the control and utilisation of natural resources in protected areas. Community Property Associations (CPAs) have been tasked with the mandate to ensure community representation in the management of natural resources. However, their participation in the management of natural resources have been questioned and under scrutiny. The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges in communal participation in management of nature reserves. A qualitative research method was used for collecting data. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect data from a sample constituting n=10 respondents. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The data from this study revealed that there is limited participation by the CPA members in the management of Dwesa-Cwebe Nature Reserve. The ownership and participation in the management of natural resources by local communities is important in ensuring meaningful development.   Received: 21 July 2021 / Accepted: 20 September 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021

scholarly journals Evaluation of dynapenia in the elderly in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Maffei Marques ◽  
Marcela Previato do Nascimento Ferreira ◽  
Tatiana Império de Freitas ◽  
Rita Maria Monteiro Goulart ◽  
Rita de Cássia de Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The City

Abstract Introduction: Aging is characterized by psychological, social, nutritional and biological changes, among which dynapenia stands out. Objective: To analyze the presence of dynapenia and associated factors in elderly people living in the city of São Caetano do Sul. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 295 elderly individuals aged 60 years or older, who were users of public health units in the city of São Caetano do Sul. Dynapenia was assessed by handgrip strength, and its associations were investigated using multivariate logistic regression, according to sociodemographic variables, nutritional status, protein consumption, presence of diseases, and physical activity. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM-SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) software. The adopted level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: Most of the participants were female (n = 251), with mean age of 70.6 years (± 7.0). The presence of dynapenia was observed in 24.07% (n = 71), among which 47 were women (18.73%) and 24 were men (54.55%). Observed associations concerned older age, male sex, lower circumference of the arm and calf, and lower triceps skinfold (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Approximately one-fourth of the elderly studied presented dynapenia, which represents a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. The inclusion of PPF alongside other anthropometric measures for assessing nutritional status is recommended. It is important for public policies to be directed towards health promotion and risk prevention in this age group.

scholarly journals Health and Nutritional Beliefs and Practices among Rural Elderly Population: An Ethnographic Study in Western Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5923
Author(s):  
Borja Rivero-Jiménez ◽  
David Conde-Caballero ◽  
Lorenzo Mariano-Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
Elderly Cohort ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Background: Demographic transition is causing an increasingly aged society, which has a significant impact on public health strategies. Increases in the size of the elderly cohort create a wider stratification and pose specific challenges. Nutrition and diet are one key issue. This study aims to describe food-related practices, beliefs, and representations of non-institutionalized older adults in rural communities in Extremadura (Western Spain). Method: The ethnographic-based fieldwork was conducted from January to July 2019. Empirical material was collected through different research relationships (semi-structured interviews and informal conversations) and direct observation in various locations in Extremadura―involving a variety of agents associated with different aspects of the nutritional process. Results: Data analysis revealed four major themes: (1) Limitations on choice and quality of food available; (2) food preferences and cooking methods; (3) the role of nostalgia in the construction of taste preferences; and (4) perceptions of what “healthy” food is and how respondents relate to the advice provided by health professionals. Conclusions: Nutritional choices among the group studied presented significant differences from medical advice―which was seen as a series of “bans” that did not carry enough authority to alter the symbolic value attached to their traditions.

scholarly journals The association between nutritional status and cognitive impairment in Brazilian community-dwelling older adults assessed using a range of anthropometric measures - the Bambui Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érico Castro-Costa ◽  
Sérgio V. Peixoto ◽  
Josélia O.A. Firmo ◽  
Elizabeth Uchoa ◽  
Maria Fernanda F. Lima-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

ABSTRACT In most studies, body mass index (BMI) has been used as the main measurement of nutritional status. However, BMI does not differentiate between body fat and muscle mass. Objective: To investigate the association between nutritional status and cognitive impairment in a population of Brazilian elderly. Methods: Participants (n=1,496) from the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging were selected based on the results for the two variables nutritional status and cognitive impairment (MMSE score). Gender, age, education, lifestyle, ApoE, chronic diseases, depressive symptoms, current use of hypnotic or sedative medication and functional disability were used as confounding factors for adjusting the logistic regression. Results: Cognitive impairment was associated with lower BMI (OR: 0.91; CI: 0.86-0.95), waist circumference (OR: 0.97; CI: 0.95-0.99), triceps skinfold thickness (OR: 0.92; CI: 0.89-0.96) among the younger participants (60-69 years), while lower arm muscle circumference (OR: 0.88; CI: 0.80-0.98) and corrected arm muscle area (OR: 0.96; CI: 0.93-0.99) were associated with cognitive impairment among the older participants (70 years and over). Conclusion: There was a difference of association between anthropometric measures and cognitive impairment after stratifying by age group. In the group aged between 60 and 69, cognitive impairment was associated with measures related to fat mass, while in the group aged over 70, cognitive impairment was associated with measures related to muscle mass. This finding suggests that investigation of nutritional status in the elderly using anthropometric measures should not be restricted only to the use of BMI, and should also, differ according to age.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Household Food Insecurity Among Elderly in Mugu Karmarong Rural Municipality of Western Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Hemanta Bhandari ◽  
Per Ole Iversen ◽  
Heidi Fjeld
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Security Status

Abstract Objectives Little is known about the nutritional status of elderly in Nepal, in particular among indigenous communities in high altitude areas. The main objective of this study was therefore to determine the nutritional status of elderly and their household food security status on the Nepal-China border. Methods The study was conducted in Mugu Karmarong rural municipality, as part of Mugu district that habitats mostly indigenous Tibetan-speaking communities. We used a descriptive cross-sectional design and a total of 128 participants were identified using purposive sampling. Anthropometry and the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) were used to determine nutritional status and the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used to categorize households according to a food insecurity scale. Results The mean (range) age of participants was 69 (60–84) years. The majority (81%) of the 128 participants had no any education, they were mostly (86%) Buddhist and 72% were married. Based on the MNA-SF scores, 30.5% had a normal nutritional status, 40.6% were at risk for malnutrition while 28.9% were malnourished. In somewhat contrast, our BMI measurements (using the cut-off values from a national survey) suggested that the majority (79.7%) had BMI values within the normal reference range. Based on the HFIAS, only 30.4% of the households were scored as food secure whereas 29% of the households belonged to the severe food insecurity category followed by 26% being moderately food insecure and 11% being mildly food insecure. Our findings revealed that type of the household, use of iodized salt, seasonal migration and household food security status, were all significantly associated with nutritional status of the elderly. Those living in severely food insecure households were 3.2 times more likely to be malnourished than those from food secured households while those living in moderately insecure household was 1.8 times more at risk of malnutrition than those from food secure households. Conclusions We found that about 2/3 of the elderly were either at risk of malnutrition or were malnourished. Only 1/3 of the surveyed households were food secure. Hence, there are alarming risks of malnutrition and food insecurity among elderly in this remote, mountainous region. Funding Sources This study was partly sponsored by the University of Oslo.

TURNING FARMERS INTO SOCIAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURS FOR DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Runcan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Rural And Urban

According to Romania’s National Rural Development Programme, the socio-economic situation of the rural environment has a large number of weaknesses – among which low access to financial resources for small entrepreneurs and new business initiatives in rural areas and poorly developed entrepreneurial culture, characterized by a lack of basic managerial knowledge – but also a large number of opportunities – among which access of the rural population to lifelong learning and entrepreneurial skills development programmes and entrepreneurs’ access to financial instruments. The population in rural areas depends mainly on agricultural activities which give them subsistence living conditions. The gap between rural and urban areas is due to low income levels and employment rates, hence the need to obtain additional income for the population employed in subsistence and semi-subsistence farming, especially in the context of the depopulation trend. At the same time, the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in rural areas is high and is at a resonance with the need to increase the potential of rural communities from the perspective of landscape, culture, traditional activities and local resources. A solution could be to turn vegetal and / or animal farms into social farms – farms on which people with disabilities (but also adolescents and young people with anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicide, and alexithymia issues) might find a “foster” family, bed and meals in a natural, healthy environment, and share the farm’s activities with the farmer and the farmer’s family: “committing to a regular day / days and times for a mutually agreed period involves complying with any required health and safety practices (including use of protective clothing and equipment), engaging socially with the farm family members and other people working on and around the farm, and taking on tasks which would include working on the land, taking care of animals, or helping out with maintenance and other physical work”

scholarly journals “My coupons are like gold”: experiences and perceived outcomes of low-income adults participating in the British Columbia Farmers’ Market Nutrition Coupon Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Caron-Roy ◽  
Sayeeda Amber Sayed ◽  
Katrina Milaney ◽  
Bonnie Lashewicz ◽  
Sharlette Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Farmers Market

ABSTRACT Objective: The British Columbia Farmers’ Market Nutrition Coupon Program (FMNCP) provides low-income households with coupons valued at $21/week for 16 weeks to purchase healthy foods in farmers’ markets. Our objective was to explore FMNCP participants’ experiences of accessing nutritious foods, and perceived program outcomes. Design: This study used qualitative description methodology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with FMNCP participants during the 2019 farmers’ market season. Directed content analysis was used to analyse the data whereby the five domains of Freedman et al’s framework of nutritious food access provided the basis for an initial coding scheme. Data that did not fit within the framework’s domains were coded inductively. Setting: One urban and two rural communities in British Columbia, Canada. Participants: 28 adults who were participating in the FMNCP. Results: Three themes emerged: Autonomy and Dignity; Social Connections and Community Building; and Environmental and Programmatic Constraints. Firstly, the program promoted a sense of autonomy and dignity through financial support, increased access to high-quality produce, food-related education and skill development, and mitigating stigma and shame. Secondly, shopping in farmers’ markets increased social connections and fostered a sense of community. Finally, participants experienced limited food variety in rural farmers’ markets, lack of transportation, and challenges with redeeming coupons. Conclusions: Participation in the FMNCP facilitated access to nutritious foods and enhanced participants’ diet quality, well-being and health. Strategies such as increasing the amount and duration of subsidies, and expanding programs may help improve participants’ experiences and outcomes of farmers’ market food subsidy programs.

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