Partial Harmonisation and European Social Policy: A Case Study on the Acquired Rights Directive

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 173-193
Author(s):  
Amandine Garde
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Tobacco Advertising ◽  
Community Competence ◽  
European Social Policy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Community Directive ◽  
Community Legal Order

The question of Community competence has been one of the most debated issues since the ruling in Tobacco Advertising I, in which the Court annulled, for the first time, a Community Directive for lack of competence. This judgment is significant in terms of assessing the constitutional role of the Court in the Community legal order. The aim of this article is not to comment on the Tobacco Advertising judgment. Rather, it is to consider the question of competence from a different angle: that of partial harmonisation.

Partial Harmonisation and European Social Policy: A Case Study on the Acquired Rights Directive

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 173-193
Author(s):  
Amandine Garde
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Tobacco Advertising ◽  
Community Competence ◽  
European Social Policy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Community Directive ◽  
Community Legal Order

The question of Community competence has been one of the most debated issues since the ruling in Tobacco Advertising I, in which the Court annulled, for the first time, a Community Directive for lack of competence. This judgment is significant in terms of assessing the constitutional role of the Court in the Community legal order.The aim of this article is not to comment on the Tobacco Advertising judgment. Rather, it is to consider the question of competence from a different angle: that of partial harmonisation.

scholarly journals Portraits of Undergraduate Discipline-Specific Thinking: Guiding Students from Novice to Proficient Learner

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Stovey ◽  
Tiffany Trimmer
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Habits Of Mind ◽  
College Level ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Cognitive Behaviors ◽  
Second Nature ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
First Time

This case study presents our experiences, insights, and the pedagogical techniques used to guide undergraduate students toward discipline-specific thinking. It demonstrates the role of student-centered practices in moving students from what we categorize as novice to proficient, a common goal in rite-of-passage courses across the disciplines. Our study follows two semesters of students in undergraduate college-level Historiography and Historical Methods courses to identify common stumbling blocks encountered when learning contextualization (our discipline-specific thinking skill). We analyze students’ habits of mind, cognitive behaviors, and assumptions when learning to think differently. We present a qualitative portrait demonstrating the range of student cognitive behaviors as they attempt to move towards proficiency. As experts immersed in our fields of study and its practices, we can sometimes forget that what comes second-nature to us is far from natural to our students—regardless of their enthusiasm. We may overestimate the background knowledge that our students have, and underestimate the brain bandwidth required when trying—for the first time—to think differently.

Insurance regulations, risk and performance in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-96
Author(s):  
Baah Aye Kusi ◽  
Abdul Latif Alhassan ◽  
Daniel Ofori-Sasu ◽  
Rockson Sai
Keyword(s):  
Random Effect ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
First Time

Purpose This study aims to examine the hypothesis that the effect of insurer risks on profitability is conditional on regulation, using two main regulatory directives in the Ghanaian insurance market as a case study. Design/methodology/approach This study used the robust ordinary least square and random effect techniques in a panel data of 30 insurers from 2009 to 2015 to test the research hypothesis. Findings The results suggest that regulations on no credit premium and required capital have insignificant effects on profitability of insurers. On the contrary, this study documents evidence that both policies mitigate the effect of underwriting risk on profitability and suggests that regulations significantly mitigate the negative effect of underwriting risk to improve profitability. Practical implications The finding suggests that policymakers and regulators must continue to initiate, design and model regulations such that they help tame risk to improve the performance of insurers in Ghana. Originality/value This study provides first-time evidence on the role of regulations in controlling risks in a developing insurance market.

Nonlinear consistent valuation of CCP cleared or CSA bilateral trades with initial margins under credit, funding and wrong-way risks

2014 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Brigo ◽  
Andrea Pallavicini
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Derivatives Pricing ◽  
Interest Rate Swaps ◽  
First Time

The introduction of Central Clearing Counterparties (CCPs) in most derivative transactions will dramatically change the landscape of derivatives pricing, hedging and risk management, and, according to the TABB Group, will lead to an overall liquidity impact of about USD 2 trillions. In this paper, we develop for the first time a comprehensive approach for pricing under CCP clearing, including variation and initial margins, gap credit risk and collateralization, showing concrete examples for interest rate swaps. This framework stems from our 2011 framework on credit, collateral and funding costs in Pallavicini et al. (Pallavicini, A., D. Perini and D. Brigo, 2011, Funding Valuation Adjustment: FVA consistent with CVA, DVA, WWR, Collateral, Netting and Re-hypothecation, arxiv.org, ssrn.com). Mathematically, the inclusion of asymmetric borrowing and lending rates in the hedge of a claim, and a replacement closeout at default, lead to nonlinearities showing up in claim dependent pricing measures, aggregation dependent prices, nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) and Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs). This still holds in presence of CCPs and CSA. We introduce a modeling approach that allows us to enforce rigorous separation of the interconnected nonlinear risks into different valuation adjustments where the key pricing nonlinearities are confined to a funding costs component that is analyzed through numerical schemes for BSDEs. We present a numerical case study for Interest Rate Swaps that highlights the relative size of the different valuation adjustments and the quantitative role of initial and variation margins, of liquidity bases, of credit risk, of the margin period of risk and of wrong-way risk correlations.

The role of food charity in Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-110
Author(s):  
Sabrina Arcuri ◽  
Gianluca Brunori ◽  
Francesca Galli
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
National Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Food Provision ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Food Charity ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter forms the land case study for Italy. As with all empirical chapters it explores several key themes in relation to food charity in Italy: • the history of food charity in the national context and the relationship between the welfare state and charities; • the nature of and drivers behind contemporary food charity provision; • key changes in social policy and their impact on rising charitable food provision; • and the social justice implications of increasing need for charitable assistance with food. The chapter concludes with critical reflections on the future direction of food charity provision in Italy and the implications of this.

Blaming the messenger: a controversy in late Sanskrit poetics and its implications

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigal Bronner ◽  
Gary A Tubb
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Active Period ◽  
Appayya Dīkṣita ◽  
Sanskrit Poetics ◽  
Literary Cultures ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe last active period in the tradition of Sanskrit poetics, although associated with scholars who for the first time explicitly identified themselves as new, has generally been castigated in modern histories as repetitious and devoid of thoughtfulness. This paper presents a case study dealing with competing analyses of a single short poem by two of the major theorists of this period, Appayya Dīkṣita (sixteenth century) and Jagannātha Paṇḍitarāja (seventeenth century). Their arguments on this one famous poem touch in new ways on the central questions of what the role of poetics had become within the Sanskrit world and the way in which it should operate in relation to other systems of knowledge and literary cultures.

scholarly journals The Competitive Solidarity of European Integration

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
European Society ◽  
Critical State ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
European Level ◽  
European Social Policy

The paper outlines the insights we gain by drawing on Michel Foucault’s study of governmentality in the light of the importance of Ordoliberalism as a structuring principle of European integration. It further develops this perspective by interrelating it to a critical state theoretical perspective and sociology of competition with a view to contributing to a better understanding of the role of competition in establishing social bonds. A key concept the paper develops is competitive solidarity. The second part of the paper provides a more empirical analysis of an emerging competitive solidarity at European level, highlighting the interaction between solidarity and competition in the sphere of European social policy. The analysis of this sui generis social policy provides interesting insights into the complexity of the attempt to establish European social bonds, paving the way for a European society.

scholarly journals Investigating Neolithic caprine husbandry in the Central Pyrenees: Insights from a multi-proxy study at Els Trocs cave (Bisaurri, Spain)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244139
Author(s):  
Cristina Tejedor-Rodríguez ◽  
Marta Moreno-García ◽  
Carlos Tornero ◽  
Alizé Hoffmann ◽  
Íñigo García-Martínez de Lagrán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Mountain ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Pyrenees ◽  
Vertical Mobility

Sheep remains constitute the main archaeozoological evidence for the presence of Early Neolithic human groups in the highlands of the Southern Pyrenees but understanding the role of herding activities in the Neolithisation process of this mountain ecosystem calls for the analysis of large and well-dated faunal assemblages. Cova de Els Trocs (Bisaurri, Huesca, Spain), a cave located at 1564 m a.s.l on the southern slopes of the Central Pyrenees, is an excellent case study since it was seasonally occupied throughout the Neolithic (ca. 5312–2913 cal. BC) and more than 4000 caprine remains were recovered inside. The multi-proxy analytical approach here presented has allowed us to offer new data elaborating on vertical mobility practices and herd management dynamics as has not been attempted up until now within Neolithic high-mountain sites in the Iberian Peninsula. For the first time, δ18O and δ13C stable isotope analyses offer direct evidence on both the regular practice of altitudinal movements of sheep flocks and the extended breeding season of sheep. Autumn births are recorded from the second half of the fifth millennium cal. BC onwards. Age-at-death distributions illustrate the progressive decline in caprine perinatal mortality together with the rising survival rate of individuals older than six months of age and the larger frequency of adults. This trend alongside the ‘off-season’ lambing signal at the implementation of husbandry techniques over time, probably aiming to increase the size of the flocks and their productivity. Palaeoparasitological analyses of sediment samples document also the growing reliance on herding activities of the human groups visiting the Els Trocs cave throughout the Neolithic sequence. In sum, our work provides substantial arguments to conclude that the advanced herding management skills of the Early Neolithic communities arriving in Iberia facilitated the anthropisation process of the subalpine areas of the Central Pyrenees.

scholarly journals Phloeocharis subtilissima Mannerheim (Staphylinidae: Phloeocharinae) and Cephennium gallicum Ganglbauer (Scydmaenidae) new to North America: a case study in the introduction of exotic Coleoptera to the port of Halifax, with new records of other species

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 781 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER MAJKA ◽  
JAN KLIMASZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Records ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
European Data ◽  
First Time

Phloeocharis subtilissima Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Phloeocharinae), a Palearctic staphylinid, and Cephennium gallicum Ganglbauer (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae: Cephenniini) are recorded for the first time for North America from Point Pleasant Park, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The bionomics of both species are discussed based on European data in addition to new observations of their ecology in Nova Scotia. The role of port cities, such as Halifax, in relation to the introduction of exotic Coleoptera is discussed with examples of other species introduced to North America from this location. The earliest known record of Meligethes viridescens (Fabricius) for North America and the second and third reported locations of Dromius fenestratus Fabricius are also presented.

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