François Bugnion's The International Committee of the Red Cross and the Protection of War Victims

2004 ◽  
Vol 86 (855) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Michael A. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
War Victims

Help to War Victims in Nigeria

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (93) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
The Third ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Massive Scale ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
To Come ◽  
War Victims ◽  
Work Up

In our last month's issue we gave an account of ICRC relief work up to the end of October 1968 in Nigeria and the secessionist province Biafra. This clearly brought out the scale and very considerable cost of the mission which will continue for months to come. As the financial situation had reached the crisis stage, the International Committee invited representatives of governments, National Societies and international institutions, able to help it, to a meeting in Geneva, in order to explain the facts which justify not only the massive scale of, but also support for, the Red Cross action. There were in fact three meetings, one of National Societies, the second of representatives of governments and inter-governmental institutions and the third of voluntary agencies.

Preparing the meeting of the group of intergovernmental experts for the protection of war victims: Protection of war Victims — Suggestions of the International Committee of the Red Cross

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (302) ◽  
pp. 425-441
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Conference ◽  
War Victims ◽  
Swiss Government

This document is based on the Final Declaration of the International Conference for the Protection of War Victims, the report prepared by the ICRC for that Conference and the note sent to States at the beginning of March 1994 by the Swiss Government, concerning the meeting of the group of experts.The present paper does not take up all the points referred to in the Swiss Government's note, but defines more precisely, for certain of them, issues that the experts might look into more closely.

The Undertaking to Respect and Ensure Respect in All Circumstances: From Tiny Seed to Ripening Fruit

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 3-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frits Kalshoven
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
State Party ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
The Law ◽  
Negative Duty ◽  
War Victims

The four Geneva Conventions of 1949 for the protection of war victims open with an unusual provision: it is the undertaking of the contracting states ‘to respect and to ensure respect for [the Conventions] in all circumstances’. Why reaffirm that contracting states are bound to ‘respect’ their treaty obligations? Does ‘all circumstances’ add anything special to this fundamental rule of the law of treaties? And what about ‘ensure respect’: should that not be regarded as implicit in ‘respect’, in the sense of a positive counterpart to the negative duty not to violate the terms of the Conventions?I readily admit that common Article 1 was not the first provision of the Conventions to capture my attention: there was, after all, so much to discover in these impressive structures that Article 1 could easily be passed over as an innocuous sort of opening phrase. Two things have changed this. One was the insistence of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) that a State Party to the Conventions is not only itself bound to comply with its obligations under these instruments but is under a legal obligation to make sure that other States Parties do likewise. The more this thesis of the ICRC was forced upon us, the less likely it seemed to me that this could indeed be an international legal obligation upon contracting states.

The International Committee of the Red Cross and the protection of war victims

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (307) ◽  
pp. 426-426
Author(s):  
The Review
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
International Community ◽  
Deputy Director ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
International Review ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
War Victims

In its recent issues the International Review of the Red Cross announced the publication of a work entitled Le Comité international de la Croix-Rouge et la protection des victimes de la guerre by François Bugnion, Deputy Director of the ICRC Department of Principles, Law and Relations with the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.The book has already become the reference work par excellence on the International Committee of the Red Cross in that it analyses, in a combined historical and legal approach, the process whereby the international community came to entrust the Committee with tasks and areas of competence relating to the protection of war victims. It also highlights the interaction between the development of ICRC practice and that of international humanitarian law.

Reflections on the development of the Movement and international humanitarian law through the lens of the ICRC Library's Heritage Collection

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (907-909) ◽  
pp. 143-163
Author(s):  
Ismaël Raboud ◽  
Matthieu Niederhauser ◽  
Charlotte Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Geneva Convention ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Action ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
War Victims ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Library was first created at the initiative of the ICRC's co-founder and president, Gustave Moynier. By the end of the nineteenth century, it had become a specialized documentation centre with comprehensive collections on the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, international humanitarian law (IHL) and relief to war victims, keeping track of the latest legal debates and technological innovations in the fields related to the ICRC's activities. The publications collected by the Library until the end of the First World War form a rich collection of almost 4,000 documents now known as the ancien fonds, the Library's Heritage Collection.Direct witness to the birth of an international humanitarian movement and of IHL, the Heritage Collection contains the era's most important publications related to the development of humanitarian action for war victims, from the first edition of Henry Dunant's groundbreaking Un souvenir de Solférino to the first mission reports of ICRC delegates and the handwritten minutes of the Diplomatic Conference that led to the adoption of the 1864 Geneva Convention. This article looks at the way this unique collection of documents retraces the history of the ICRC during its first decades of existence and documents its original preoccupations and operations, highlighting the most noteworthy items of the Collection along the way.

The Role of the ICRC in the Development of International Humanitarian Law

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
War Victims ◽  
Unique Status

AbstractAs a result of its unique status, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has been closely involved in the negotiations of humanitarian law treaties. Two of the most recent negotiations – the ban on anti-personnel landmines and the establishment of an International Criminal Court – are presented as case studies. They provide a good indication of the varied and dynamic functions played by the ICRC in the development of international law. This role is complementary to the ICRC's field activities in the world's ``hot spots'', which provide valuable insights into the real problems that war victims face in their daily lives.

Agora: The U.S. Decision not to Ratify Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions on the Protection of War Victims (Cont’d)

1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham D. Sofaer
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Legal Adviser ◽  
War Victims ◽  
The U.S

The October 1987 issue of the Journal contains an article written by Hans-Peter Gasser, the Legal Adviser to the Directorate of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), on the U.S. decision not to ratify Protocol I (on international armed conflicts) to the 1949 Geneva Conventions on the Protection of War Victims. Unfortunately, the Journal did not include any response by the administration, but only the President’s necessarily brief letter of transmittal to the Senate of January 18, 1987, recommending advice and consent to ratification of Protocol II (on noninternational conflicts). The President’s letter of transmittal was not intended to be an exhaustive statement of the U.S. objections to Protocol I, nor does it purport to be such.

scholarly journals The League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LRCS)

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Andrei K. Kisselev
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
First Aid ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Nursing Personnel ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Lay People ◽  
The World ◽  
War Victims

The “International Red Cross” is composed of: (1) The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) which focuses on war victims; (2) the LRCS; and (3) the 130 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies worldwide which are federated by the LRCS. The LRCS was founded to facilitate, encourage and promote the humanitarian activities of its member societies and thus contribute to the promotion of peace in the world. The LRCS considers health as one of the keys to a better world for everyone. Red Cross programs include the training of nursing personnel, the provision of health care in rural areas, the organization of assistance to the sick, aged, and handicapped, and teaching first aid skills to lay people.

Implementation of international humanitarian law - National measures: Information received by the International Committee of the Red Cross on implementation measures taken by the States at the national level

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (302) ◽  
pp. 464-469
Author(s):  
María Teresa Dutli
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
National Level ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Effective Compliance ◽  
War Victims

The importance of adopting national measures to implement international humanitarian law has been stressed on many occasions. It was repeated in the Final Declaration of the International Conference for the Protection of War Victims (Geneva, 30 August–1 September 1993), which reaffirmed the obligation laid down in Article 1 common to the four Geneva Conventions to respect and ensure respect for international humanitarian law in order to protect the victims of war. The Declaration urged all States to make every effort to “adopt and implement, at the national level, all appropriate regulations, laws and measures to ensure respect for international humanitarian law applicable in the event of armed conflict and to punish violations thereof”. The Conference thus reasserted the need to bring about more effective compliance with that law.

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