The effect of diet and condition score on fasting heat production of non-producing dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
J.W. Birnie ◽  
R.E. Agnew ◽  
F.J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

The metabolisable energy (ME) requirement for maintenance (MEm) has been derived from measurements of fasting heat production (FHP) with non-lactating cattle, with, for example, ARC (1980) using published data on steers to develop equations to calculate the MEm of dairy cattle. Recent studies at this Institute (Yan et al. 1997 a&b) have produced estimates of MEm, through either direct measurement of FHP, or the use of regression techniques for producing animals and concluded that MEm was higher than those in published feeding standards (ARC, 1980; AFRC, 1993). The objective of the present experiments was to explore possible reasons for the differences, such as the effect of cow body condition score (CS) on FHP and the effect of level and type of diet given during the pre-fasting period on FHP.

The influence of body condition and level of feeding on the heat production of nonpregnant, nonlactating dairy cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
R E Agnew ◽  
J W Birnie ◽  
F J Gordon ◽  
T Yan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Basal Metabolism ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

Chowdhury and Ørskov (1994) observed that heat production in sheep was reduced by approximately 10% below that at fasting when the animal was offered one third of the predicted maintenance requirement through intragastric nutrition. These authors also suggested that this indicated a glucose deficient state in the fasted animal, and that as a result the heat production at fasting was artificially raised. In agreement with Ørskov and MacLeod (1990), Chowdhury and Ørskov (1994) further stated that when measuring heat production to estimate basal metabolism animals should have their heat production measured when being offered one third of maintenance rather than fasting, although this was not tested by experiment. Birnie et al., (2000) reported that fasting heat production was influenced by the condition score of the cow. The objectives of this experiment were firstly to investigate the influence of maintenance and sub-maintenance levels of feeding on the observed heat production in nonpregnant, nonlactating dairy cows offered a more normal diet and secondly to further examine the influence of cow condition score on the fasting heat production.

scholarly journals Dry matter intake and body condition score change of dairy cows grazing fodder beet, kale and kale-oat forage systems in winter

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Edwards ◽  
J.M. De Ruiter ◽  
D.E. Dalley ◽  
J.B. Pinxterhuis ◽  
K.C. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Score Change ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Abstract Crop dry matter (DM) yield, DM utilisation and body condition score (BCS) of dairy cows were measured over two winters on an irrigated stony, free-draining Balmoral soil for three crop grazing systems: fodder beet (FB); early-sown kale (EK); and late-sown kale with oats grown in sequence (LK). There were two replicates of each treatment, with 35-58 cows per treatment group. Allocations of crop and supplements (kg DM/cow/day) were: FB, 8 kg fodder beet + 6 kg grass baleage; EK, 14 kg kale + 3 kg barley straw; LK, 11 kg kale + 5 kg green chop oat baleage. Pre-grazing crop DM yield (t DM/ha) was higher in FB (20.1) than EK (14.6) and LK (12.9). DM utilisation was high in all treatments averaging 99.6%, 90.5% and 87.1% for FB, EK and LK, respectively. Body condition score change over the 8-week winter-feeding period was similar for cows offered FB (+0.76), EK (+0.66) and LK (+0.76). Allocation of feed quantity is more important in determining BCS gain than the type of crop and supplement fed. Keywords: Brassica oleracea L., Beta vulgaris L., metabolisable energy

scholarly journals The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Ilona Strączek ◽  
Krzysztof Młynek ◽  
Agata Danielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Peak Lactation

A significant factor in improving the performance of dairy cows is their physiological ability to correct a negative energy balance (NEB). This study, using Simmental (SIM) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows, aimed to assess changes in NEB (non-esterified fatty acid; body condition score; and C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1) and its effect on the metabolic efficiency of the liver (β-hydroxybutyrate and urea). The effects of NEB on daily yield, production at peak lactation and its duration, and changes in selected milk components were assessed during complete lactation. Up to peak lactation, the loss of the body condition score was similar in both breeds. Subsequently, SIM cows more efficiently restored their BCS. HF cows reached peak lactation faster and with a higher milk yield, but they were less able to correct NEB. During lactation, their non-esterified fatty acid, β-hydroxybutyrate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, and urea levels were persistently higher, which may indicate less efficient liver function during NEB. The dynamics of NEB were linked to levels of leptin, which has anorectic effects. Its content was usually higher in HF cows and during intensive lactogenesis. An effective response to NEB may be exploited to improve the production and nutritional properties of milk. In the long term, it may extend dairy cows’ productive life and increase lifetime yield.

GRAZING BEHAVIOUR OF DAIRY COWS AND BODY CONDITION SCORE ASSOCIATED WITH SWARD CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR PASTURE TYPES

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-226
Author(s):  
O. A. CASTELÁN-ORTEGA ◽  
C. G. MARTÍNEZ-GARCÍA ◽  
F. L. MOULD ◽  
P. DORWARD ◽  
G. C. MIRANDA-DE LA LAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Bite Rate ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Native Pastures ◽  
Grazing Behaviour

SUMMARYThe objectives were to assess the following: (1) the relationship between sward height and chemical composition of four pasture types in association with grazing behaviour and body condition score (BCS) of dairy cows, and (2) the possibility of developing predictive equations of the nutrient intake and grazing behaviour within a continued grazing system. Pasture type had a significant (p < 0.01) effect on nutrient supply from January to June for all pastures investigated. Ryegrass–white clover pasture (RW) had the highest metabolizable protein and metabolizable energy, followed by kikuyu pasture (KP), which was significantly (p < 0.001) higher than native pastures 1 and 2 (NP1 and NP2). The highest values for effective grazing time, bite rate and BCS were found when dairy cows grazed RW followed by KP, NP2 and NP1. The results suggested that pasture type and sward height influenced grazing behaviour and BCS of dairy cows during the dry season. In the same vein, RW showed higher effective grazing time, bite rate, nutrient intake and BCS than the other three pastures suggesting that RW pastures that appear to be more expensive than native pastures could result in superior cow performance.

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