scholarly journals Dry matter intake and body condition score change of dairy cows grazing fodder beet, kale and kale-oat forage systems in winter

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Edwards ◽  
J.M. De Ruiter ◽  
D.E. Dalley ◽  
J.B. Pinxterhuis ◽  
K.C. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Score Change ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Abstract Crop dry matter (DM) yield, DM utilisation and body condition score (BCS) of dairy cows were measured over two winters on an irrigated stony, free-draining Balmoral soil for three crop grazing systems: fodder beet (FB); early-sown kale (EK); and late-sown kale with oats grown in sequence (LK). There were two replicates of each treatment, with 35-58 cows per treatment group. Allocations of crop and supplements (kg DM/cow/day) were: FB, 8 kg fodder beet + 6 kg grass baleage; EK, 14 kg kale + 3 kg barley straw; LK, 11 kg kale + 5 kg green chop oat baleage. Pre-grazing crop DM yield (t DM/ha) was higher in FB (20.1) than EK (14.6) and LK (12.9). DM utilisation was high in all treatments averaging 99.6%, 90.5% and 87.1% for FB, EK and LK, respectively. Body condition score change over the 8-week winter-feeding period was similar for cows offered FB (+0.76), EK (+0.66) and LK (+0.76). Allocation of feed quantity is more important in determining BCS gain than the type of crop and supplement fed. Keywords: Brassica oleracea L., Beta vulgaris L., metabolisable energy

scholarly journals Relationships between body condition score change, prior mid-lactation phenotypic residual feed intake, and hyperketonemia onset in transition dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 3685-3696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca M. Rathbun ◽  
Ryan S. Pralle ◽  
Sandra J. Bertics ◽  
Louis E. Armentano ◽  
K. Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Score Change ◽  
Transition Dairy Cows ◽  
Condition Score

Effects of prepartal body condition score and peripartal energy supply of dairy cows on postpartal lipolysis, energy balance and ketogenesis: an animal model to investigate subclinical ketosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Schulz ◽  
Jana Frahm ◽  
Ulrich Meyer ◽  
Susanne Kersten ◽  
Dania Reiche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Energy Group ◽  
Condition Score

Subclinical ketosis is a metabolic disorder which often goes undiagnosed and leads to constricted performance and an impairment of general condition. In the current study subclinical ketosis was characterised by a β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration of >1·2 mmol/l in blood serum. To generate this metabolic situation, an animal model was created. The model, based on group-specific interaction of dietary energy supply and body condition, is appropriate for testing the medical effectiveness of treating this kind of ketosis and its concomitants. During the trial, 18 dairy cows (primiparous and pluriparous) were assigned, according to their body condition score (BCS) 6 weeks before expected parturition, to a normal [6·78 MJ net energy for lactation (NEL)/kg dry matter; 20% concentrate] or to a high-energy feeding group (7·71 MJ NEL/kg dry matter; 60% concentrate). Therefore cows with the highest BCS were allocated to the high-energy group to enhance the contrast with the control group. Statistical analysis was done using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Effects were declared significant when P-values were ⩽0·05. Owing to the higher energy concentration and dry matter intake, the energy intake and balance was significantly higher in the high-energy feeding group, with strong effects on lipid metabolism and health in blood and liver post partum. Within the first 2 weeks after calving, 8 out of 9 cows (89%) of the high-energy group had BHB values indicative of subclinical ketosis. These cows also had significantly higher values of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartate transaminase (AST) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) post partum, as well as a raised total lipid content of the liver. RQUICKI, a calculated parameter which is based on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin and NEFA to assess the insulin sensitivity, was not affected by treatment. Therefore, RQUICKI does not seem to be the right parameter for diagnosing decreased insulin sensitivity in cows affected by subclinical ketosis. The milk fat and the fat:protein ratio of the high-energy group was also higher, even though there was no decrease in milk yield for cows with subclinical BHB values.

The effect of diet and condition score on fasting heat production of non-producing dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
J.W. Birnie ◽  
R.E. Agnew ◽  
F.J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

The metabolisable energy (ME) requirement for maintenance (MEm) has been derived from measurements of fasting heat production (FHP) with non-lactating cattle, with, for example, ARC (1980) using published data on steers to develop equations to calculate the MEm of dairy cattle. Recent studies at this Institute (Yan et al. 1997 a&b) have produced estimates of MEm, through either direct measurement of FHP, or the use of regression techniques for producing animals and concluded that MEm was higher than those in published feeding standards (ARC, 1980; AFRC, 1993). The objective of the present experiments was to explore possible reasons for the differences, such as the effect of cow body condition score (CS) on FHP and the effect of level and type of diet given during the pre-fasting period on FHP.

scholarly journals A comparison of the intake of cows grazing swedes and kale and consequent condition score change.

2012 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Thompson ◽  
D.R. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Score Change ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Brassica Crop ◽  
Condition Score

The actual intake requirements of kale and swedes for maintenance and gain are not well defined for pregnant cows in winter. Farmer observations of cows grazing brassicas suggested that the winter feed requirements appeared much greater than those calculated using industry standards. Two balanced groups of dairy cows were grazed under similar management practices on a kale or swede brassica crop for a 5-week period during winter to estimate total energy intake and intake rate. Brassica intake rates did not differ significantly except for the period 5-24 hours after the commencement of grazing, when the swede group cows consumed more crop than the kale group (P=0.042). Body condition score change was higher (P

1155 Body condition score and body condition score change: Associations with fertility phenotypes in lactating dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 554-554
Author(s):  
M. M. Herlihy ◽  
E. Rojas ◽  
J. Kenneally ◽  
P. Lonergan ◽  
S. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Score Change ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Condition Score
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