scholarly journals The Maiden and the Wolf: Law, Gender, and Sexual Violence in Imperial Russia

Slavic Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-121
Author(s):  
Katherine Pickering Antonova ◽  
Sergei Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Court System ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Private Spaces ◽  
Evidence Law ◽  
Great Reforms

This article is a close reading of an 1859 court case from Moscow, in which a young orphaned noblewoman accused a much older, wealthier, and better-connected man. It situates the case in its cultural context among the striving middling classes of Moscow on the eve of the Great Reforms, revealing deeply fractured understandings of respectability, civic versus private spaces, masculine violence, and personal safety that permeated Russia's urban classes. Legally, the trial's outcome is not as surprising as the sharply conflicted reasoning of pre-reform judges. Each of the three tiers in the court system produced a radically different decision, pitching the obvious facts of the case against the state's pressure to convict the rapist and pre-reform Russia's supposedly archaic—but actually quite flexible—evidence law. Ultimately, the article argues that this noblewoman was able to use notions of female honor and domesticity in her favor, while the accused's status did not entirely serve to protect him where the need to protect male status conflicted with concerns over the dangers of westernization and modernization.

Impact of e-court systems implementation: a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozha Kamal Ahmed ◽  
Khder Hassan Muhammed ◽  
Ingrid Pappel ◽  
Dirk Draheim
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Appellate Court ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Court System ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Content Type

Purpose E-court systems automate court processes and provide better case administration with more effective and efficient justice delivery. This paper aims to present the e-court system in the Sulaimaniyah Appellate Court in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq as a case study. It identifies significant improvements after adopting the system. Design/methodology/approach This study used a qualitative approach with an exploratory case study design. Data collected from a triangulation of three sources through structured expert interviews with 30 stakeholders, personal observations by two of the authors, supported by analyzing current relevant literature. R package for Qualitative Data Analysis was the analysis tool. Findings Findings showed 10 improvements that enhanced court efficiency and effectiveness concerning better case administration, a more transparent process and increased court case security. Research limitations/implications This research is limited to improvements after adopting an e-court system. Practical implications This research provides a foundation for practitioners who are on the way to implement the e-court system and serves the decision-makers in the Kurdistan Regional Government to plan future expansion in the region. Originality/value This research focuses on the e-court system in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It is implemented as a first e-service to be a pilot for a broader plan to integrate all appellate courts in other cities in the Kurdistan of Iraq, hence, stepping toward the implementation of e-government.

scholarly journals Framing Sexual Violence in Portuguese Colonialism: On Some Practices of Contemporary Cultural Representation and Remembrance

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1558-1577
Author(s):  
Júlia Garraio
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Victims Of Sexual Abuse ◽  
Colonial Violence ◽  
Portuguese Colonialism

This essay examines two Portuguese novels about colonialism and its legacies: António Lobo Antunes’s Fado Alexandrino (1983) and Aida Gomes’s Os Pretos de Pousaflores ( The Blacks from Pousaflores) (2011). Fado Alexandrino perpetuates the use of Black women’s raped bodies as a plot device to represent colonial violence, while Gomes’s narrative empowers racialized victims of sexual abuse and challenges dominant public memories of the Colonial War. A close reading of these novels, contextualized against the background of scholarly debates about the representation of sexual violence, exposes both the perils and potential of cultural works to preserve the memory of rape in armed conflict.

The Edges of Consent

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-57
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Graybill
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Contemporary World

The notion of consent plays a key role in many analyses of sexual violence, in both the biblical text and the contemporary world. However, consent is both insufficient and insufficiently feminist as a framework for describing and combating rape and sexual violence. After tracing six major difficulties with consent, the chapter turns to a close reading of three biblical rape stories, suggesting that these texts are better approached as fuzzy, messy, and icky. This point is reinforced via close readings of three rape stories: Dinah (Gen 34), Tamar (2 Sam 13), and Lot’s daughters (Gen 19). The interpretation offered here employs four new tactics, set forth in the previous chapter: refusing to claim a position of innocence, resisting paranoid reading positions, tracing sticky affect, and reading through literature. The result is a more flexible, sensitive, and illuminating reading of biblical sexual violence than is possible under a framework of consent.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Kaitlynn Mendes ◽  
Jessica Ringrose ◽  
Jessalynn Keller
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Digital Media Studies

In this chapter, we begin by making a case for the ubiquitous ways rape culture, harassment, and sexual violence continue to be a part of many girls’ and women’s everyday lives, despite the ways in which feminists have challenged these issues for over half a century. This chapter then goes on to outline the various ways girls and women have begun to harness new technologies to challenge these practices. Importantly, the chapter also introduces the scholarly foundation for this book, focusing specifically on the contemporary social and cultural context in which our case studies operate. The interdisciplinary nature of this study means we engage with key concepts from the fields of digital media studies, women’s studies, cultural studies, sociology, and education studies. The concepts or terms that we explore and define here include rape culture, lad culture, hashtag feminism, and mediated abuse.

What Gender Discrimination? Psychological and Sociocultural Barriers

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-68
Author(s):  
Lisa McIntosh Sundstrom ◽  
Valerie Sperling ◽  
Melike Sayoglu
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Court System ◽  
Domestic Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sex Role Stereotypes ◽  
The Public Sphere

Chapter 2 examines the barriers that often prevent women from taking even the first step of initiating a domestic court case on discrimination. This chapter investigates the domestic psychological, cultural, and material obstacles to gender discrimination cases in the Russian court system. It discusses the psychological and cultural obstacles to bringing sex-based discrimination cases to Russian courts (such as the popular tendency to regard sex-based discrimination in the public sphere as a natural and justified reflection of sex-role stereotypes, and the desire to solve “personal” problems such as domestic violence privately rather than in the public eye). It discusses the negative views toward feminism in Russia. The chapter covers different types of sex-based discrimination in Russia: employment discrimination and maternity leave, gender discrimination in custody suits, gender discrimination in education, and violence against women as a type of discrimination. The chapter concludes that people who are inclined to activism are the ones most likely to be willing to bring a court case and persist in the legal process.

scholarly journals Between the foreign and the local: French midwifery, traditional practitioners, and vernacular medical knowledge about childbirth in Lima, Peru

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Warren
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Practitioners ◽  
Early Republican

This article examines the politics of midwifery and the persecution of untitled female assistants in childbirth in early republican Peru. A close reading of late colonial publications and the works of Benita Paulina Cadeau Fessel, a French obstetriz director of a midwifery school in Lima, demonstrates both trans-Atlantic and local influences in the campaign against untitled midwives. Cadeau Fessel's efforts to promote midwifery built upon debates among writers in Peru's enlightened press, who vilified untrained midwives' and wet nurses' vernacular medical knowledge and associated them with Lima's underclass. One cannot understand the transfer of French knowledge about professional midwifery to Peru without reference to the social, political, and cultural context.

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