Application of Single Drop Microextraction for Analysis of Chemical Warfare Agents and Related Compounds in Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meehir Palit ◽  
Deepak Pardasani ◽  
A. K. Gupta ◽  
D. K. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Single Drop Microextraction ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Related Compounds

Analysis of chemical warfare agents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: methods for their direct detection and derivatization approaches for the analysis of their degradation products

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Valdez ◽  
Roald N. Leif ◽  
Saphon Hok ◽  
Bradley R. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Warfare Agents

AbstractChemical warfare agents (CWAs) are unarguably one of the most feared toxic substances produced by mankind. Their inception in conventional warfare can be traced as far back as the Middle Ages but their full breakthrough as central players in bellic conflicts was not realized until World War I. Since then, more modern CWAs along with efficient methods for their manufacture have emerged and violently shaped the way modern warfare and diplomatic relations are conducted. Owing to their mass destruction ability, counter methods to mitigate their impact appeared almost immediately on par with their development. These efforts have focused on their efficient destruction, development of medical countermeasures and their detection by modern analytical chemistry methods. The following review seeks to provide the reader with a broad introduction on their direct detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the various sample derivatization methods available for the analysis of their degradation products. The review concentrates on three of the main CWA classes and includes the nerve agents, the blistering agents and lastly, the incapacitating agents. Each section begins with a brief introduction of the CWA along with discussions of reports dealing with their detection in the intact form by GC-MS. Furthermore, as products arising from their degradation carry as much importance as the agents themselves in the field of forensic analysis, the available derivatization methods of these species are presented for each CWA highlighting some examples from our lab in the Forensic Science Center at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

scholarly journals Deploying Portable Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to Military Users for the Identification of Toxic Chemical Agents in Theater

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline E. Leary ◽  
Brooke W. Kammrath ◽  
Keith J. Lattman ◽  
Gary L. Beals
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants ◽  
End User ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Hostile Environments

The use of portable gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is an important capability that has been available commercially for almost 25 years. These systems have been used within a variety of different industries, including their extensive use by environmental scientists for the analysis of hazardous air pollutants. Recently, these systems were deployed to conventional military forces for use in theater to detect and identify toxic chemicals including chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The challenges of deploying such complex analytical instruments to these military users are unique. Among other things, these organizations have considerable and variable mission strains, complex and difficult logistics and coordination needs, and variability in user backgrounds. This review outlines the value portable GC-MS systems offer to these warfighters in theater, discusses some important aspects of the design of portable systems that makes their deployment to this type of end user possible, and proposes methods that can be used to overcome challenges to successful deployment of portable GC-MS to non-scientists working within hostile environments.

scholarly journals Headspace Single-Drop Microextraction Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Volatile Compounds from Herba Asari

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan-Jie Wang ◽  
Li Tian ◽  
Yu-Ming Fan ◽  
Mei-Ling Qi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Single Drop Microextraction ◽  
Sample Amount

A rapid headspace single-drop microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SDME-GC-MS) for the analysis of the volatile compounds in Herba Asari was developed in this study. The extraction solvent, extraction temperature and time, sample amount, and particle size were optimized. A mixed solvent of n-tridecane and butyl acetate (1 : 1) was finally used for the extraction with sample amount of 0.750 g and 100-mesh particle size at 70°C for 15 min. Under the determined conditions, the pound samples of Herba Asari were directly applied for the analysis. The result showed that SDME-GC–MS method was a simple, effective, and inexpensive way to measure the volatile compounds in Herba Asari and could be used for the analysis of volatile compounds in Chinese medicine.

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