Review of the Performance, Selection, and Use of Gloves for Chemical Protection

The application of preparations of biological origin in the protection system of soybean grown under conditions of intensive irrigated crop rotations conforms to the modern tendencies of science and production development. The use of them contributes to solving ecological, production and social-economic problems. The study presents the three-year research on the efficiency of systems protecting soybean from pests and diseases based on biological and chemical preparations. The research was conducted in typical soil and climate conditions of the South of Ukraine. Zonal agricultural methods and generally accepted research methodology were used. The purpose of the research was to create a soybean protection system based on preparations of biological origin, ensuring high productivity of high-quality products reducing a negative impact of the crop production on the environment. The study emphasizes that, under irrigated conditions of the South of Ukraine, the application of biological preparations has a positive impact on the indexes of growth, development and formation of the elements of soybean yield structure. There was an increase in the crop biological weight by 13.8 % and 22.1 % and the number of seeds per plant rose by 11.6 and 14.6 % as a consequence of eliminating harmful organisms with the plant protection systems. The larger ground mass was formed by medium-ripe varieties Danai and Svyatogor, on which the increase from protection measures was higher. Weight 1000 pcs. the seeds did not undergo significant changes. It is established that the larger seeds were formed by Danaya and Svyatogor varieties, in which the average weight is 1000 pcs. seeds were 142 and 136 g, respectively, while in the variety Diona this figure was 133 g. There was an increase in the height of the lowest pod when the total plant height rose. For medium-ripe varieties was characterized by a higher attachment of beans, where the highest values of this indicator acquired in the variety Svyatogor. The medium maturing soybean variety Danaia formed the maximum yield of 3.23 and 3.35 t/ha respectively, when biological and chemical protection systems were applied. The research establishes that the application of the bio-fungicide Psevdobakterin 2 (2.0 l/ha) in the crop protection system at the beginning of soybean flowering and the bio-fungicide Baktofit (2.5 l/ha) with the bio-insecticide Lepidotsid-BTU (10.0 l/ha) at the beginning of pod formation does not reduce the productivity of the soybean varieties under study considerably, when compared to the application of chemical preparations. The research determines that the soybean protection system under study ensures a decrease in the coefficient of soybean water uptake by 7.2-13.0 %, increasing the total water intake to an inconsiderable degree. Biologization of the soybean crop protection system leads to a reduction in production costs compared to the chemical protection system. Taking into account the needs for the collection of additional products, costs increase by an average of 1 thousand UAH/ha, while for chemical protection systems by 1.8 thousand UAH/ha. At the same time, the cost is reduced by 220-360 UAH/t and the profitability of growing crops is increased by 3.8-7.8 %. There has been a reduction in the burden of pesticides on the environment and the production of cleaner products. This indicates the prospect of using the biofungicides Pseudobacterin 2 and Bactophyte and the bioinsecticide Lepidocid-BTU on soybeans to protect plants from pests.

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Chitosan nanofibrous materials for chemical and biological protection

Journal of Textiles and Fibrous Materials ◽

10.1177/2515221118788370 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 251522111878837 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mukesh Kumar Sinha ◽

Biswa Ranjan Das

Keyword(s):

Structural Changes ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Chemical Warfare Agent ◽

Woven Fabric ◽

Carbon Sphere ◽

Biological Filtration ◽

Sulphur Mustard ◽

Chemical Protection ◽

Biological Protection ◽

Made In

Chitosan derivatives are difficult to electrospun because they have poor flexibility of their polyelectrolyte chains. Based on extensive trails, we have successfully electrospun chitosan polymer and, subsequently, coated on non-woven polypropylene utilizing Nanospider technology. This experimentally developed nanofibrous webs of various densities were coated on non-woven fabric and, subsequently, stitched with activated carbon sphere (ACS) adhered composite fabric. Biological filtration and chemical protection were evaluated and the optimized density offering the highest value with meeting specified comfort was assessed. Results showed that optimized web morphology of 0.43 g m−2 is the best for integration with nuclear, biological and chemical absorbent layer of low ACS add-on in all aspects of comfort and protective behaviours. This will be meeting stringent defence protective requirements and lowering down the weight of suit by approximately 25%. An attempt has also been made in this research to protect from sulphur mustard chemical warfare agent by using both theories: (a) barrier techniques and (b) disintegrating the trapped molecules via functionalization of the web. Result shows that first molecules get trapped by in web layer (barrier effect) and subsequently destroyed by hydrolysis mechanism. Scanning microscopic image shows web is acting as barrier layer by trapping sulphur mustard particles. Optimized web of 0.43 g m−2 was functionalized with zinc (Zn) oxide and the presence of Zn particles was confirmed by imaging techniques. Crystalline and thermal analysis depicts that structural changes were found in sulphur mustard spotted functionalized web. Raman spectra show chemically disintegrated hydrolysed products of sulphur mustard. Bacterial filtration efficiency, antimicrobial and comfort properties were measured for assessing the introduction of nanowebs for biological protection and chemical protection in newly created multilayered fabric structure with low ACS add-on (180 g m−2). The initial encouraging outcome of this research expects whether the multilayered fabric could be introduced in the suit.

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Chemical Protection of Irradiated Monkeys in Combination with Autologous and Homologous Marrow Transfusion

Radiation Research ◽

10.2307/3572017 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 339 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Walter H. Whitcomb ◽

Robert J. Young ◽

George S. Melville ◽

James A. Pitcock ◽

Donald R. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Chemical Protection

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THE ROLE OF OXYGEN IN THE PHENOMENA OF CHEMICAL PROTECTION AGAINST IONIZING RADIATION

Oxygen in the Animal Organism ◽

10.1016/b978-1-4831-9819-4.50035-2 ◽

1964 ◽

pp. 509-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Z.M. BACQ ◽

P. ALEXANDER

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Chemical Protection

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PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROTECTION OF CELL CONSTITUENTS AND THE PRECISE LOCALIZATION OF ENZYMES

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/6.5.369 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 369-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

D. G. SCARPELLI ◽

A. G. E. PEARSE

Keyword(s):

Precise Localization ◽

Chemical Protection ◽

Physical And Chemical

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Effects of Carbamates on Whole Blood Cholinesterase Activity: Chemical Protection Against Soman

Drug and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.3109/01480548009002226 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 319-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

William C. Heyl ◽

Larrel W. Harris ◽

David L. Stitcher

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Cholinesterase Activity ◽

Chemical Protection

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Biotechnical Preparations in Protection of Cucumber against Downy Mildew

Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae ◽

10.1515/ahr-2016-0014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (s1) ◽

pp. 5-7

Author(s):

Dorota Tekielska ◽

Stanisław Mazur

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Silica Fume ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Chemical Protection ◽

Protected Plants ◽

Limited Possibility

Abstract The effectiveness of the preparations PB 500 (extracted from cow dung) and PB 501 (silica fume – 92.8% SiO2) in protection of cucumber against downy mildew was tested during the two-years experiment. PB 500 was used at 2% concentration and PB 501 at 1% concentration. The alternative fungicides recommended by the standard protection program were used as the reference agents. The effectiveness of the preparations PB 501 and PB 500 was lower than the conventional fungicides. It was observed that the infestation of protected plants is lower than the control plants, although not statistically significant. The results indicate a limited possibility of application of the tested formulations for cucumber protection against downy mildew in comparison to the chemical protection.

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