Anaerobic Transformation of the Iodinated X-ray Contrast Medium Iopromide, Its Aerobic Transformation Products, and Transfer to Further Iodinated X-ray Contrast Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (15) ◽  
pp. 8309-8320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Redeker ◽  
Arne Wick ◽  
Björn Meermann ◽  
Thomas A. Ternes
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
X Ray

Bank filtration: a suitable process for the removal of iodinated X-ray contrast media?

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schittko ◽  
A. Putschew ◽  
M. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Bank Filtration ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Media Concentration

After bank filtration, effluent influenced surface waters are often used as raw drinking water. It is known that high concentrations of iodinated X-ray contrast media are detectable in such surface waters and thus, more knowledge about the behaviour of the contrast media during bank filtration is necessary and the subject of investigations in this study. The adsorbable organic iodine (AOI), four widely used iodinated X-ray contrast media and four possible transformation products were quantified in an influenced lake, five groundwater wells and a drinking water well. Under anoxic conditions the AOI as well as the concentration of the contrast media are decreased by bank filtration, whereby the AOI is decreased by 64% and the contrast media concentration can be reduced up to 95%, depending on the compound. In the raw drinking water the following average concentrations were determined: Iopromid <20 ng/L, Diatrizote 166 ng/L, Iopamidol 166 ng/L and Iohexol 34 ng/L. Instationary conditions during the sampling period indicate that, at least under anoxic conditions, a large part of the contrast media and transformation products, which are still iodinated, may be associated to colloids and/or humic material.

Gd-DTPA in Male Urethrography

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (3P2) ◽  
pp. 804-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vehmas ◽  
P. Tervahartiala
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Case History ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Urethral Diverticulum ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
History Of ◽  
Good Contrast

Patients with a case history of severe side-effects from iodine-containing contrast media present problems in later radiological examination. We report here on an alternative, the first extravascular use of Gd-DTPA in an X-ray urethrography. By using the standard processing algorithm of our digital radiographic equipment and 60 ml undiluted Gd-DTPA meglumine (469 mg/ml) we achieved good contrast and could exclude the suspected urethral diverticulum in a 26-year-old man. No adverse reactions occurred. Gd-DTPA seems to offer a reasonable contrast and may be used as an alternative extravascular contrast medium in selected conventional radiographic studies.

Ozonation and reductive deiodination of iopromide to reduce the environmental burden of iodinated X-ray contrast media

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Putschew ◽  
U. Miehe ◽  
A.S. Tellez ◽  
M. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Reductive Dehalogenation ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
X Ray

The potential of ozonation for the removal of iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) with focus on the oxidation products was examined. Iopromide used as model compound was dissolved in tap water, respectively in the effluent of a membrane bioreactor and was ozonated. Ozone (10 mg/L) was continuously introduced into a semi-batch reactor (35 L/h). After 30 minutes the ozone concentration was increased to 30 mg/L. In all experiments the iopromide concentration decreased very fast, whereas the decrease of the amount of organic bound iodine (AOI) was much lower. The concentration of iodate, the inorganic oxidation product increases with time, depending on the AOI decrease. The data clearly show that the ozonation of iopromide using a common applied ozone dosage leads to the formation of numerous iodinated transformation products, which are detectable by LC-ESI-MS. As an alternative treatment, especially for the treatment of urine or hospital waste water, the source for the contamination, it was tested if iopromide can be deiodinated by zero-valent iron. First experiments done in stirred batch reactors using iopromide dissolved in ultra pure water and urine with an initial pH of 2 showed that iopromide can be deiodinated completely by zero-valent iron. Even in contaminated urine collected in a hospital a deiodination of ICM was possible. Kinetic studies at constant pH showed that the deiodination can be described by pseudo-first order for equal iopromide and iron concentrations. The observed rate constant kobs increased with decreasing pH with a maximum at pH 3 with 4.76 × 10−4 s−1. The concentration of iopromide can be decreased by ozonation and by the reductive dehalogenation. In case of ozonation iodinated organic compounds are the main reaction products, whereas the reductive dehalogenation leads to transformation products which are not iodinated and are thus most probable biodegradable.

scholarly journals Ionic and non-ionic intravenous X-ray contrast media: antibacterial agents?

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110198
Author(s):  
Frank Mosler ◽  
Johannes K Richter ◽  
Marc Schindewolf ◽  
Nando Mertineit ◽  
Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Percutaneous Abscess Drainage ◽  
Ionic Contrast ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Free Iodine ◽  
The Subject

X-ray contrast media have been reported to have inhibitory effects on bacterial growth. Despite its potentially beneficial effect on patients, these features of contrast media have received relatively little attention in the medical literature in the past decades. The aim of this review is to evaluate the literature concerning the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of X-ray contrast media, specifically if there is a known difference concerning these effects between ionic and non-ionic contrast media. Systematic literature review was performed for the years of publication between 1911 and 2019. Since the publication of Grossich in 1911, the effect of iodine on the treatment of superficial infections in surgical procedures has been established clinical knowledge. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of ionic X-ray contrast media are well established. However, non-ionic contrast agents have been the subject of little research in this respect. In past decades, the hypothesis emerged in the literature that mainly the concentration of free iodine might be responsible for any bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect of ionic X-ray contrast media. Nowadays, however, only non-ionic contrast media are used. The question regarding the mechanism and magnitude of bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects of these, non-ionic contrast media, could not be answered conclusively from this review. Non-ionic contrast media could be used intentionally when a local antibacterial effect is intended (e.g. in percutaneous abscess drainage), as well as to reduce the overall dose of antibiotics administered to a patient. Thus, this question remains relevant and might constitute the area of future research.

Enhanced K-edge Angiography Utilizing Tantalum Plasma X-ray Generator in Conjunction with Gadolinium-Based Contrast Media

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 8716-8721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Sato ◽  
Yasuomi Hayasi ◽  
Koji Kimura ◽  
Etsuro Tanaka ◽  
Hidezo Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
X Ray

Oral Contrast Media in CT of the Abdomen

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 396-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lönnemark ◽  
Anders Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Contrast Effect ◽  
Oral Contrast ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Patient Tolerance ◽  
Bowel Opacification ◽  
Oral Contrast Media

In a double blind randomised study 3 different concentrations of iohexol for bowel opacification at CT of the abdomen were compared. Iohexol in a concentration of 4.5 mg I/ml, 6.75 mg I/ml and 9 mg I/ml was used. No significant differences between the 3 preparations of contrast media were found regarding the contrast effect, the distribution or patient tolerance. When using iohexol as a bowel contrast medium at CT the concentration of 4.5 mg I/ml is sufficient for bowel opacification.

The use of X-ray contrast media in the treatment of hyperthyroidism

1979 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Costa ◽  
I. J. Chopra ◽  
D. H. Solomon ◽  
S. Y. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
X Ray

Effects of X-ray contrast media and radiation on human vascular endothelial cellsin vitro

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. L. Morgan ◽  
Michael A. Bettmann
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
X Ray

Nephrotoxicity of Cyclosporin a and Contrast Media

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Thomsen ◽  
S. Larsen ◽  
P. Skaarup ◽  
L. Hemmingsen ◽  
H. Dieperink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Peroral Administration ◽  
Albumin Excretion

Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT and sodium) were followed for 22 h or 8 days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol or saline in 30 adult Wistar rats in which nephrotoxicity was induced by daily peroral administration of 25 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A over a 14-day period. Another 10 rats which had the vehicle of the cyclosporin A solution (placebo) and saline injected intravenously served as controls. The effect of iohexol and saline on the albumin excretion was similar, whereas diatrizoate increased it significantly. Both contrast media caused significantly increased excretion of all three enzymes. The contrast media had no effect on the excretion of glucose and sodium. Except for the fact that the excretion of NAG was significantly higher following iohexol than following diatrizoate 24 to 46 h after injection no significant differences between the two media were found from 24 h after injection among the rats given cyclosporin A. No contrast medium related changes were found by light microscopy of the kidneys. Neither iohexol nor diatrizoate potentiate acute cyclosporin A nephrotoxcity.

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