scholarly journals Comment on “Estimating Alcohol Consumption by Wastewater-Based Epidemiology: An Assessment of the Correction Factor for Ethyl Sulfate Using Large-Scale National Monitoring Data”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mackay Price ◽  
Chris Wilkins ◽  
Sam Trowsdale
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Ethyl Sulfate ◽  
National Monitoring

scholarly journals Development and validation of a method for the simultaneous analysis of fatty acid ethyl esters, ethyl sulfate and ethyl glucuronide in neonatal meconium: application in two cases of alcohol consumption during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 413 (11) ◽  
pp. 3093-3105
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kacper Woźniak ◽  
Laura Banaszkiewicz ◽  
Justyna Aszyk ◽  
Marek Wiergowski ◽  
Iwona Jańczewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Ethyl Glucuronide ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Ethyl Sulfate ◽  
Analytical Approaches

AbstractAlcohol consumption during pregnancy constitutes one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects and neurodevelopmental disorders in the exposed children. Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) have been studied as potential biomarkers of alcohol consumption. However, most analytical approaches proposed for their analysis in meconium samples consist of separated extraction procedures requiring the use of two meconium aliquots, which is costly in terms of both time and materials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for the simultaneous extraction of 9 FAEEs, EtG and EtS from one meconium aliquot. The sample was homogenized using methanol, and then FAEEs were extracted with hexane while EtG and EtS were isolated using acetonitrile. Then, extracts were applied to solid-phase extraction columns and analysed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (FAEEs) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (EtG and EtS). Calibration curves were linear with r values greater than 0.99. The LODs ranged from 0.8 to 7.5 ng/g for FAEEs and were 0.2 ng/g and 0.8 ng/g for EtS and EtG, respectively. LOQs ranged from 5 to 25 ng/g for FAEEs and were 1 ng/g and 2.5 ng/g for EtS and EtG, respectively. Accuracies and precisions were between 93.8 and 107% and between 3.5 and 9.7%, respectively. The recovery values ranged from 89.1 to 109%. The method proved to be sensitive, specific, simple and fast and allowed for the reduction of the amount of organic solvent used for extraction compared to other published data while higher recoveries were obtained. The method was used for analysis of meconium samples in two cases of mothers who were consuming alcohol during pregnancy.

Pressure Correction Factor for Strain Capacity Predictions Based on Curved Wide Plate Testing

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Verstraete ◽  
Wim De Waele ◽  
Rudi Denys ◽  
Stijn Hertelé
Keyword(s):  
Correction Factor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Strain Capacity ◽  
Defect Assessment ◽  
Ductile Crack Growth ◽  
Large Scale Testing ◽  
Weld Defect ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Tensile Strain Capacity

Strain-based girth weld defect assessment procedures are essentially based on large scale testing. Ever since the 1980’s curved wide plate testing has been widely applied to determine the tensile strain capacity of flawed girth welds. However, the effect of internal pressure is not captured in curved wide plate testing. Accordingly, unconservative predictions of strain capacity occur when straightforwardly transferred to pressurized pipes. To address this anomaly, this paper presents results of finite element simulations incorporating ductile crack growth. Simulations on homogeneous and girth welded specimens indicate that a correction factor of 0.5 allows to conservatively predict the strain capacity of a pressurized pipe through wide plate testing under the considered conditions.

scholarly journals Identification of EV use patterns, based on large scale EV monitoring data

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-240
Author(s):  
C. De Cauwer ◽  
D. Gillis ◽  
T. Coosemans ◽  
J. Van Mierlo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Use Patterns

scholarly journals The roles of phosphatidylethanol, ethyl glucuronide, and ethyl sulfate in identifying alcohol consumption among participants in professionals health programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1102-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Reisfield ◽  
Scott A. Teitelbaum ◽  
Shannon O. Opie ◽  
Joseph Jones ◽  
Deborah G. Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Ethyl Glucuronide ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Ethyl Sulfate

scholarly journals The Big Drink Debate: perceptions of the impact of price on alcohol consumption from a large scale cross-sectional convenience survey in north west England

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny A Cook ◽  
Penelope A Phillips-Howard ◽  
Michela Morleo ◽  
Corinne Harkins ◽  
Linford Briant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The Impact
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