Lewis Acidity/Basicity Changes in Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids Brought About by Impurities

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (41) ◽  
pp. 13160-13166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Gazitúa ◽  
Patricio Fuentealba ◽  
Renato Contreras ◽  
Rodrigo Ormazábal-Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lewis Acidity

scholarly journals Controlling surface chemistry and mechanical properties of metal ionogels through Lewis acidity and basicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 4679-4686
Author(s):  
Coby J. Clarke ◽  
Richard P. Matthews ◽  
Alex P. S. Brogan ◽  
Jason P. Hallett
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Acidity And Basicity ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Gels prepared from metal containing ionic liquids with cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) have surface compositions and mechanical properties that can be controlled by Lewis basicity and acidity of the metal species.

scholarly journals Mixed Chlorometallate Ionic Liquids as C4 Alkylation Catalysts: A Quantitative Study of Acceptor Properties

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Pang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Juanfang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Alkylation Reaction ◽  
Triethylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Anionic Species ◽  
Triethylphosphine Oxide ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Acceptor Numbers

The acceptor properties of mixed chlorometallate ionic liquids for isobutane-butene alkylation (C4 alkylation) reaction were studied. These ionic liquids were prepared by mixing metal chlorides with either triethylamine hydrochloride or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in various molar ratios. Using triethylphosphine oxide as a probe, Gutmann Acceptor Numbers (AN) of the catalysts were determined, and the Lewis acidity of mixed chlorometallate ionic liquids was quantitatively measured. Additionally, AN value was developed to determine the relationship between Lewis acidity and catalytic selectivity. The favorite AN value for the C4 alkylation reaction should be around 93.0. The [(C2H5)3NH]Cl–AlCl3−CuCl appears to be more Lewis acidity than that of [(C2H5)3NH]Cl–AlCl3. The correlation of the acceptor numbers to speciation of the mixed chlorometallate ionic liquids has also been investigated. [AlCl4]−, [Al2Cl7]−, and [MAlCl5]− (M = Cu, Ag) are the main anionic species of the mixed chlorometallate ILs. While the presence of [(C2H5)3N·M]+ cation always decreases the acidity of the [(C2H5)3NH]Cl−AlCl3−MCl ionic liquids.

scholarly journals Borenium ionic liquids as catalysts for Diels–Alder reaction: tuneable Lewis superacids for catalytic applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Matuszek ◽  
S. Coffie ◽  
A. Chrobok ◽  
M. Swadźba-Kwaśny
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acceptor Number ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Catalytic Applications

Ionic liquids with Lewis superacidic borenium cations were used as catalysts in solvent-less Diels–Alder cycloaddition. The extremely high catalytic activity correlated with the Lewis acidity, expressed as the Gutmann acceptor number.

Chlorostannate(II) Ionic Liquids: Speciation, Lewis Acidity, and Oxidative Stability

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1710-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Currie ◽  
Julien Estager ◽  
Peter Licence ◽  
Shuang Men ◽  
Peter Nockemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Lewis Acidity

scholarly journals Lewis Acidity and Basicity of Mixed Chlorometallate Ionic Liquids: Investigations from Surface Analysis and Fukui Function

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Juanfang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fukui Function ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Surface Ionization ◽  
Local Surface ◽  
Dual Descriptor ◽  
Mixed Metal ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Acidity And Basicity ◽  
Metal Anions

Mixed chlorometallate ionic liquids (ILs) have been regarded as potential solvents, catalysts, and reagents for many organic processes. The acidity and basicity of these ILs were correlated with theoretically estimated parameters such as electrostatic surface potential maxima and minima, average local surface ionization energy, and Fukui and dual descriptor functions. The introduction of metal chloride into the anions would influence the acidity/basicity of ILs by withdrawing the electron density from the cationic counterpart. For the [C4mim]-based ILs with the mixed-metal anions, the acidity tends to attenuate while the basicity becomes stronger, as compared to the corresponding chloroaluminate ILs. However, the acidity of [(C2H5)3NH]-based ILs with the mixed-metal anions are greater than that of the net chloroaluminate ILs. The Fukui function values showed that most of the mixed chlorometallate ILs belong to bifunctional distribution. The mixed chlorometallate ILs both have electrophilic and nucleophilic sites, which would be beneficial for their applications.

Quantitative Characterization of Lewis Acidity and Activity of Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquids

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (46) ◽  
pp. 11878-11886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Xianghai Meng ◽  
Chunming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Quantitative Characterization

Lewis acidity dependency of the electrochemical window of zinc chloride–1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (27) ◽  
pp. 4367-4372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-I Hsiu ◽  
Jing-Fang Huang ◽  
I-Wen Sun ◽  
Cheng-Hui Yuan ◽  
Jantaie Shiea
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Electrochemical Window

An ionic liquid mediated Friedel-Crafts addition of arenes to isothiocyanates

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1057-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant U Naik ◽  
Susheel J Nara ◽  
Jitendra R Harjani ◽  
Manikrao M Salunkhe
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Lewis Acid Catalyst

A new protocol is developed for the synthesis of N-substituted thioamides, employing arenes and isothiocyanates in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ionic liquid, [bmim]Cl·2AlCl3, as a homogenous Lewis acid catalyst and solvent. The effect of Lewis acidity and the stoichiometry of the ionic liquid on the extent of product formation is studied. Studies reveal that a progressive increase in yields was observed with increasing Lewis acidity, and two equivalents of [bmim]Cl·2AlCl3 was the optimal amount for the reaction. A distinct para selectivity for the incoming thioamido group on activated arenes was observed under ambient conditions.Key words: arenes, isothiocyanates, Friedel–Crafts, ionic liquids, thioamides.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Properties of Magnetic Aryl-Imidazolium Ionic Liquids with Dual Brønsted/Lewis Acidity

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Cheng Chang ◽  
Che-Hsuan Yang ◽  
I-Wen Sun ◽  
Wen-Yueh Ho ◽  
Tzi-Yi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Brønsted Acidity ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Magnetic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Brönsted Acidity ◽  
Lewis Acidic Sites ◽  
Acidic Sites ◽  
Electron Withdrawing Group

A series of unique tunable aryl-imidazolium magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) with dual acidity that contain both Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites (abbreviated as B-L MILs) were synthesized and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Physical properties, such as thermal properties, magnetic susceptibility, and Brønsted and Lewis acidity, were measured. These properties were found to depend on the cation structure. These B-L MILs had good solubility in many organic solvents, good thermal stability, and low melting points, and exhibited magnet-like behavior. For these B-L MILs, the Brønsted acidity was measured using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and the Lewis acidity was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that B-L MILs with an electron-withdrawing group in the aryl-imidazolium moiety had higher Brønsted acidity, whereas those with an electron-donating group had higher Lewis acidity. This type of ionic liquid, with both Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites, is expected to be a useful solvent and catalyst for organic reactions.

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