Computational Characterization of Antibody–Excipient Interactions for Rational Excipient Selection Using the Site Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation-Biologics Approach

Side-scan sonar observations conducted at Mito artificial habitat site in the southwest coast off Taiwan, documented the locations of both concrete cubic blocks (more than 10,000 units) and scrapped steel boats (39 units) deployed previously. Based on their geographic locations, the concrete cubic artificial reefs could be grouped into 14 reef sets. About 30% of the reefs were deployed out of the promulgated site area. For the purpose of artificial habitat site identification and fishery resources management, a database structure was designed to accommodate types and positions of reefs, information of reef sets, bathymetric contours, textures of bottom sediments and geomorphological characteristics. The effectiveness of Mito artificial habitat site was evaluated to be positive after the deployment of both concrete block reefs and steel boat reefs.

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Probabilistic Site Identification Analysis Using NUPEC Recorded Free-Field Motions

Seismic Engineering, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/pvp2002-1529 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

J. Xu ◽

C. Costantino ◽

C. Hofmayer ◽

A. Murphy ◽

Y. Kitada

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Free Field ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Random Variable ◽

Response Spectra ◽

Test Site ◽

Linear Convolution ◽

Site Identification ◽

Identification Analysis

This paper describes a probabilistic site identification analysis performed by BNL, using the free-field earthquake motions recorded at the NUPEC test site. The BNL analysis was intended to provide adequate characterization of the soil properties for the test site to be used for the SSI analyses. The free-field data were provided by NUPEC. The methodology employed in the BNL probabilistic analysis of site identification includes the Monte Carlo process in conjunction with equivalent linear convolution analyses for generating a large number of site profiles for use in convolution studies from which mean estimates of response can be generated. The random variable selected to characterize the site profile is the shear wave velocity in each soil layer of the site profile. A lognormal distribution was assumed with the standard deviation determined from available site data and applicable regulatory requirements. The convolution analyses were performed using an appropriate soil degradation model and the outcrop input motions generated from the recorded in-rock motions. The BNL analysis produced results in terms of the mean, median and various fractiles of free-field soil properties at the test site, and the corresponding surface response spectra, which are presented in this paper.

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Identification and characterization of fragment binding sites for allosteric ligand design using the site identification by ligand competitive saturation hotspots approach (SILCS-Hotspots)

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects ◽

10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129519 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1864 (4) ◽

pp. 129519 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alexander D. MacKerell ◽

Sunhwan Jo ◽

Sirish Kaushik Lakkaraju ◽

Christoffer Lind ◽

Wenbo Yu

Keyword(s):

Binding Sites ◽

Ligand Design ◽

Site Identification ◽

Identification And Characterization

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Excipient Interactions in Glucagon Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation for Pulmonary Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics11050207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 207 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Md Abdur Rashid ◽

Amged Awad Elgied ◽

Yahya Alhamhoom ◽

Enoch Chan ◽

Llew Rintoul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Powder Inhaler ◽

Pulmonary Delivery ◽

Magnesium Stearate ◽

Dry Powder ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Physical Interactions ◽

A Minor ◽

Excipient Interactions ◽

Glucagon Concentration

Purpose: This study describes the development and characterization of glucagon dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery. Lactose monohydrate, as a carrier, and L-leucine and magnesium stearate (MgSt) were used as dispersibility enhancers for this formulation. Methods: Using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Raman confocal microscopy, the interactions between glucagon and all excipients were characterized. The fine particle fractions (FPFs) of glucagon in different formulations were determined by a twin stage impinger (TSI) using a 2.5% glucagon mixture, and the glucagon concentration was measured by a validated LC-MS/MS method. Results: The FPF of the glucagon was 6.4%, which increased six-fold from the formulations with excipients. The highest FPF (36%) was observed for the formulation containing MgSt and large carrier lactose. The FTIR, Raman, and DSC data showed remarkable physical interactions of glucagon with leucine and a minor interaction with lactose; however, there were no interactions with MgSt alone or mixed with lactose. Conclusion: Due to the interaction between L-leucine and glucagon, leucine was not a suitable excipient for glucagon formulation. In contrast, the use of lactose and MgSt could be considered to prepare an efficient DPI formulation for the pulmonary delivery of glucagon.

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Alcohol Metabolic Inefficiency: Structural Characterization of Polymorphism-Induced ALDH2 Dysfunctionality and Allosteric Site Identification for Design of Potential Wildtype Reactivators

The Protein Journal ◽

10.1007/s10930-018-9768-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 216-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Emmanuel A. Adeniji ◽

Fisayo A. Olotu ◽

Mahmoud E. S. Soliman

Keyword(s):

Structural Characterization ◽

Allosteric Site ◽

Site Identification

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Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051281 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 254-255

Author(s):

B. L. Soloff ◽

T. A. Rado

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Stationary Phase ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Minimal Medium ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽

Complete Lysis ◽

Lysogenic Culture ◽

Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

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AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100075142 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 270-271

Author(s):

A.R. Pelton ◽

A.F. Marshall ◽

Y.S. Lee

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Amorphous Alloys ◽

Amorphous Materials ◽

Isothermal Annealing ◽

Amorphous Matrix ◽

Nucleation And Growth ◽

Current Interest ◽

Amorphous Films ◽

Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

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