The Chemoattractant Glorin Is Inactivated by Ester Cleavage during Early Multicellular Development of Polysphondylium pallidum

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1506-1513
Author(s):  
Daniel Heinrich ◽  
Robert Barnett ◽  
Luke Tweedy ◽  
Robert Insall ◽  
Pierre Stallforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Polysphondylium Pallidum

scholarly journals The distribution of myosin II in Dictyostelium discoideum slug cells.

1991 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Eliott ◽  
P H Vardy ◽  
K L Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cell Motility ◽  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Insight Into

While the role of myosin II in muscle contraction has been well characterized, less is known about the role of myosin II in non-muscle cells. Recent molecular genetic experiments on Dictyostelium discoideum show that myosin II is necessary for cytokinesis and multicellular development. Here we use immunofluorescence microscopy with monoclonal and polyclonal antimyosin antibodies to visualize myosin II in cells of the multicellular D. discoideum slug. A subpopulation of peripheral and anterior cells label brightly with antimyosin II antibodies, and many of these cells display a polarized intracellular distribution of myosin II. Other cells in the slug label less brightly and their cytoplasm displays a more homogeneous distribution of myosin II. These results provide insight into cell motility within a three-dimensional tissue and they are discussed in relation to the possible roles of myosin II in multicellular development.

scholarly journals Network-based approaches to quantify multicellular development

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (135) ◽  
pp. 20170484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. B. Jackson ◽  
Salva Duran-Nebreda ◽  
George W. Bassel
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Cell Organization ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Multicellularity and cellular cooperation confer novel functions on organs following a structure–function relationship. How regulated cell migration, division and differentiation events generate cellular arrangements has been investigated, providing insight into the regulation of genetically encoded patterning processes. Much less is known about the higher-order properties of cellular organization within organs, and how their functional coordination through global spatial relations shape and constrain organ function. Key questions to be addressed include: why are cells organized in the way they are? What is the significance of the patterns of cellular organization selected for by evolution? What other configurations are possible? These may be addressed through a combination of global cellular interaction mapping and network science to uncover the relationship between organ structure and function. Using this approach, global cellular organization can be discretized and analysed, providing a quantitative framework to explore developmental processes. Each of the local and global properties of integrated multicellular systems can be analysed and compared across different tissues and models in discrete terms. Advances in high-resolution microscopy and image analysis continue to make cellular interaction mapping possible in an increasing variety of biological systems and tissues, broadening the further potential application of this approach. Understanding the higher-order properties of complex cellular assemblies provides the opportunity to explore the evolution and constraints of cell organization, establishing structure–function relationships that can guide future organ design.

A mutant strain of Polysphondylium pallidum deficient in production of cyclic AMP

1978 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Francis ◽  
Duncan Salmon ◽  
Barry Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Mutant Strain ◽  
Polysphondylium Pallidum

Morphogenetic movements and multicellular development in the fruiting myxobacterium, Stigmatella aurantiaca

1978 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail T. Qualls ◽  
Karen Stephens ◽  
David White
Keyword(s):  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Morphogenetic Movements ◽  
Stigmatella Aurantiaca

scholarly journals Arabidopsis actin-related protein ARP5 in multicellular development and DNA repair

2009 ◽  
Vol 335 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthugapatti K. Kandasamy ◽  
Elizabeth C. McKinney ◽  
Roger B. Deal ◽  
Aaron P. Smith ◽  
Richard B. Meagher
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Multicellular Development

scholarly journals TORC2-Gad8-dependent myosin phosphorylation modulates regulation by calcium

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Baker ◽  
Irene A Gyamfi ◽  
Gregory I Mashanov ◽  
Justin E Molloy ◽  
Michael A Geeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Signaling Networks ◽  
Tor Signaling ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Membrane Reorganization ◽  
And Function

Cells respond to changes in their environment through signaling networks that modulate cytoskeleton and membrane organization to coordinate cell-cycle progression, polarized cell growth and multicellular development. Here, we define a novel regulatory mechanism by which the motor activity and function of the fission yeast type one myosin, Myo1, is modulated by TORC2-signalling-dependent phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of the conserved serine at position 742 (S742) within the neck region changes both the conformation of the neck region and the interactions between Myo1 and its associating calmodulin light chains. S742 phosphorylation thereby couples the calcium and TOR signaling networks that are involved in the modulation of myosin-1 dynamics to co-ordinate actin polymerization and membrane reorganization at sites of endocytosis and polarised cell growth in response to environmental and cell-cycle cues.

scholarly journals Social selection within aggregative multicellular development drives morphological evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1963) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco La Fortezza ◽  
Gregory J. Velicer
Keyword(s):  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Fruiting Body Formation ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Unicellular Organisms ◽  
Complex Forms

Aggregative multicellular development is a social process involving complex forms of cooperation among unicellular organisms. In some aggregative systems, development culminates in the construction of spore-packed fruiting bodies and often unfolds within genetically and behaviourally diverse conspecific cellular environments. Here, we use the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus to test whether the character of the cellular environment during aggregative development shapes its morphological evolution. We manipulated the cellular composition of Myxococcus development in an experiment in which evolving populations initiated from a single ancestor repeatedly co-developed with one of several non-evolving partners—a cooperator, three cheaters and three antagonists. Fruiting body morphology was found to diversify not only as a function of partner genotype but more broadly as a function of partner social character, with antagonistic partners selecting for greater fruiting body formation than cheaters or the cooperator. Yet even small degrees of genetic divergence between distinct cheater partners sufficed to drive treatment-level morphological divergence. Co-developmental partners also determined the magnitude and dynamics of stochastic morphological diversification and subsequent convergence. In summary, we find that even just a few genetic differences affecting developmental and social features can greatly impact morphological evolution of multicellular bodies and experimentally demonstrate that microbial warfare can promote cooperation.

scholarly journals Classic Spotlight: a Window on Multicellular Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-602
Author(s):  
Ann M. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Multicellular Development
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