Cleaner Design of Single-Product Biotechnological Facilities through the Integration of Process Simulation, Multiobjective Optimization, Life Cycle Assessment, and Principal Component Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 410-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brunet ◽  
Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez ◽  
Laureano Jiménez
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-688
Author(s):  
Paulo Sergio F. Ferreira ◽  
Nancy Barreto-Triana ◽  
Pablo Andrés Osorio-Mejía ◽  
Fagner de Souza ◽  
Luciano Santana Fiuza Ferreira

The bug Cynodonmiris corpoicanus inhabit the Cundiboyacense High Plateau in Colombia feeding on grasses (Poaceae). The authors carry out their life cycle in greenhouse and characterize the damage on oat (Avena sativa) leaves. The duration egg – adult last 49.3 days and undergo five nymphal stages. The morphometric study was conducted by principal component analysis (PCA) and 2.03 PAST software. This method let to determine measures for nymphal stages separation, furthermore we consider coloration, morphology and morphometric description. A key for nymphal stages determination was developed by morphometric and morphology diagnostic characters. Also, we include illustrations of the C. corpoicanus nymphal stages.


2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1695-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-dong Lang ◽  
Adam Malacina ◽  
Lorenz T. Biegler ◽  
Sorin Munteanu ◽  
Jens I. Madsen ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Qiliang Hu ◽  
Bowen Su

China's implementation of public-private partnerships projects has been quite effective, involving infrastructure and other livelihood projects, a total of 19 industries, and an investment of nearly 1.5 trillion yuan. The characteristics of PPP projects such as long construction period and large investment amount determine the risks of PPP projects are also great, and the PPP projects of comprehensive environmental governance are also the same. The government and social capital use the PPP model to cooperate, and use the principal component analysis method to assess the risks of the entire life cycle of the comprehensive environmental governance PPP project. Therefore, it plays an important role in ensuring the smooth implementation of projects and reducing the losses caused by risks. According to the risk factors of the whole life cycle of the comprehensive environmental governance PPP project, an indicator system of 5 first-level indicators, 18 second-level indicators, and 43 third-level indicators has been established. Principal component analysis is used to analyze the influence weight of risk factors at each stage. The analysis shows that among the four stages, environmental pollution risk, project approval delay risk, completion risk, interest rate and financial fluctuation risk, and franchise life risk are the most influential risks in the implementation of PPP projects. Therefore, suggestions are made through the risk factors of each stage in the comprehensive environmental governance PPP project. For example, strengthen the response to the external environment risks of the comprehensive environmental governance PPP project, standardize the bidding and procurement of the comprehensive environmental governance PPP project, and strengthen the subsequent management of the transfer of the comprehensive environmental governance PPP project. In this way, the ability to resist risks of comprehensive environmental governance PPP projects is improved; the smooth implementation of the project is guaranteed, and the long-term development of comprehensive environmental governance PPP projects is promoted.


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