Effect of Prolonged Marginal Ascorbic Acid Deficiency on Lenticular Levels of Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxide in Guinea Pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiji Ohta ◽  
Takafumi Niwa ◽  
Takashi Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Group

We examined the effect of prolonged marginal ascorbic acid deficiency of the levels of antioxidants and lipid peroxide in lenses of guinea pigs in order to clarify lenticular antioxidant status under ascorbic acid deficiency. Male guinea pigs aged 4 weeks were given a scorbutic diet (20 g/animal per day) with either marginally deficient ascorbic acid (0.5 mg/animal per day) or sufficient ascorbic acid (1 g/animal per day) in drinking water for 3 and 6 months. The deficient group showed no lens opacity during the administration period. The deficient group had 62.3 and 53.9% of lenticular ascorbic acid content in the sufficient group at 3 and 6 months of ascorbic acid deficiency, respectively. There were no differences in lenticular contents of reduced glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, an index of lipid peroxidation, between both groups at 3 and 6 months of ascorbic acid deficiency, while the deficient group tended to have higher lenticular vitamin E content than the sufficient group. The deficient group had higher serum vitamin E concentration than the sufficient group at 3 and 6 months of ascorbic acid deficiency. These results indicate that lenticular antioxidant status is maintained well in guinea pigs with prolonged marginal ascorbic acid deficiency, which may result in no cataract formation.

Prolonged Marginal Ascorbic Acid Deficiency Induces Oxidative Stress in Retina of Guinea Pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiji Ohta ◽  
Taku Okubo ◽  
Takafumi Niwa ◽  
Takashi Yamasaki ◽  
Masayuki Horiguchi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Group

We examined whether prolonged marginal ascorbic acid deficiency induces oxidative stress in the retina of guinea pigs. Male guinea pigs aged four weeks were given a scorbutic diet (20 g/animal per day) with either marginally deficient ascorbic acid (0.5 mg/animal per day) or adequate ascorbic acid (1 g/animal per day) in drinking water for three and six months. The retinal contents of the reduced form of ascorbic acid in the deficient group at three and six months were 68.1 and 43.5%, respectively, of that in the corresponding adequate group. The retinal contents of the oxidized form of ascorbic acid in the deficient group at three and six months were 1.9- and 2.7-fold, respectively, higher than that in the corresponding adequate group. The content of retinal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), an index of lipid peroxidation, in the deficient group was 2.5-fold higher than that in the adequate group at six months. The retinal contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the deficient group at three and six months were 84.8 and 66.7%, respectively, of that in the corresponding adequate group. The deficient group had 37.5% of retinal vitamin E content of the adequate group at six months. The deficient group had higher serum vitamin E concentration than the adequate group in both experimental periods. There were no differences in serum TBARS and GSH concentrations between the groups at both periods. These results indicate that prolonged marginal ascorbic acid deficiency induces oxidative stress in the retina of guinea pigs without systemic oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Ascorbic acid deficiency in guinea pigs: contrasting effects of tissue ascorbic acid depletion and of associated inanition on status indices related to collagen and vitamin D

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harumi Tsuchiya ◽  
C. J. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Deficient Group

To investigate the sensitivity of guinea pig tissues to ascorbic acid depletion, as distinct from inanition, young male guinea pigs were maintained with either ascorbic acid restriction or total diet restriction for 8 weeks. One group (A) received no ascorbic acid for 3 weeks, then 0·5 mg/d for 5 weeks; one group (B) was weight-matched by restricted food intake to the first group; a third (marginally deficient) group (C) received 1 mg ascorbic acid/d throughout; a fourth was weight-matched to this group (D); and a fifth group received the control dietad lib.(E). Both of the groups with restricted ascorbic acid intakes (A and C) developed very low tissue ascorbic acid contents, but only the first group (severely deficient group A) also exhibited a severely reduced growth rate. This group also exhibited reduced femur calcium and hydroxyproline contents and reduced skin hydroxyproline content. These changes were not seen in the corresponding weight-matched group (B). Neither plasma alkaline phosphatase (EC3.1.3.1) activity, nor a variety of indices of vitamin D status exhibited changes which could be attributed specifically to reduced ascorbic acid intake and hence to lowered tissue ascorbic acid content. It is concluded that low tissue ascorbic acid levels in guinea pigs clearly alter the connective tissue composition of growing femur and skin, but do not necessarily produce a major, specific effect on vitamin D status. Moreover, the control of inanition is crucial to permit interpretation of the changes in metabolism that are caused by ascorbic acid deficiency.

scholarly journals The effect of siderosis and ascorbic acid depletion on bone metabolism, with special reference to osteoporosis in the Bantu

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Wapnick ◽  
S. R. Lynch ◽  
H. C. Seftel ◽  
R. W. Charlton ◽  
T. H. Bothwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Liver Storage

1. There is an association between iron overload, ascorbic acid deficiency and osteoporosis in middle-aged South African Bantu males. The iron overload contributes to the ascorbic acid deficiency by accelerating its oxidative catabolism. The object of the present investigation was to explore the possibility that the osteoporosis results from chronic ascorbic acid deficiency.2. On quantitative microradiography, percentage bone-formation surface was normal but percentage bone-resorption surface was significantly increased in ten osteoporotic subjects compared with seven control subjects.3. There was a significant inverse correlation between bone mineral density and liver storage iron concentration in thirty-five Bantu subjects. In thirteen individuals aged 39 years or less, liver storage iron concentration was significantly correlated with percentage bone-resorption surface.4. Guinea-pigs deprived of ascorbic acid for 21 d exhibited both significantly diminished percentage bone-formation surface and increased percentage bone-resorption surface.5. Guinea-pigs overloaded with iron by injections of iron dextran developed significantly reduced hepatic ascorbic acid concentrations and bone mineral densities; percentage bone-formation surface was significantly diminished and percentage bone-resorption surface significantly increased. Ascorbic acid injection largely prevented the bone changes.

scholarly journals Ascorbic acid deficiency affects the metabolism of cytosolic ferritin but not lipid-associated ferritin in livers of guinea pigs

1990 ◽  
Vol 267 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
B E Cham ◽  
H P Roeser ◽  
A C Nikles
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

Two physicochemically and metabolically separate pools of ferritin, namely cytosolic ferritin and lipid-associated ferritin, are present in the livers of guinea pigs. In this paper we establish that the iron content of cytosolic ferritin is dependent on and linearly related to ascorbic acid concentration, whereas changes in concentration of this vitamin do not affect the iron content of lipid-associated ferritin. In livers of ascorbic acid-deficient guinea pigs both synthesis and degradation of cytosolic ferritin are diminished equally. Consequently cytosolic ferritin is metabolized more slowly without changes in its pool size. In contrast with cytosolic ferritin, the metabolism of lipid-associated ferritin is unaffected by ascorbic acid deficiency. The differential effects of ascorbic acid deficiency on the physicochemical characteristics as well as on the metabolism of cytosolic ferritin and lipid-associated ferritin suggest that the two forms of ferritin have different functional roles.

In Vitro Formation of αß-Unsaturated Ketones by Adrenal Tissues in Ascorbic Acid Deficiency

1957 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habeeb Bacchus
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Deficient Animal ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Adrenal Tissue ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
And Control

In vitro studies on the formation of Δ4-3-ketones from the Δ5-3 ß-ol structure of dehydroepiandrosterone acetate by adrenal tissue were conducted. The adrenal tissue of normal and control guinea pigs is capable of this conversion to the extent of 0.46 µm/100 mg adrenal tissue, in the absence of any added cofactors. The conversion by adrenals of ascorbic acid-deficient animals is significantly less than this and is decreased progressively with the duration of the scorbutigenic fare. Addition of ascorbate to the incubation preparation corrects the disturbance in this process in the adrenal of the ascorbic acid-deficient animal.

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