Stellenwert von mikrozirkulatorischen Untersuchungsmethoden bei Patienten mit diabetischem Fuß-Syndrom

VASA ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawall ◽  
Amann ◽  
Rottmann ◽  
Angelkort

Background: Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is a frequent complication of long-standing diabetes mellitus, occurring in 10 to 30 percent of all diabetics with a vital risk for the affected limb and high mortality rates. Macroangiopathy, diabetic polyneuropathy and infections are trigger factors for DFS. Recent results imply a pathogenic role of functional and structural microcirculatory changes. The exact role of microangiopathy and the value of microcirculatory diagnostic methods in DFS have not yet been defined. Patients and methods: 78 patients with DFS (28 type I, 50 type II diabetics, mean age 63 years) were evaluated with video capillary microscopy, transcutaneous partial oxygen tension (tcpO2) measurement and laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) at the forefoot of the affected leg at admission and after revascularisation. Mean hospital stay was 28 ± 11.7 days. Patients were stratified according to the etiology of DFS in patients with neuropathic lesions, macroangiopathic ulcers and mixed neuropathic-angiopathic lesions. Results: All groups had impaired microcirculation, and significant differences between groups were found in respect to capillary density. Reactive hyperemia, LDF pattern and tcpO2 did not differ significantly. Microcirculatory examinations did not yield additional information to clinical and Doppler sonographic results. Conclusion: In clinical practice, the role of microcirculation evaluation techniques for diabetic foot syndrome is limited.

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-541
Author(s):  
I V Klyushkin ◽  
K A Koreyba

Aim. To define the role of orthoses in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with diabetic foot syndrome. Methods. The review of the literature addressing the use of special orthopedic shoes in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with complicated diabetes mellitus was performed. Results. The common requirements for orthopedic shoes for patients with complicated diabetes mellitus are the following: (1) rigid sole with an artificial curvature; (2) boot-tree elevated by 8 mm due to arch supporter, adequate volume, wide sole, removable insole; (3) insole without functional memory; (4) thermally variable elastic material, advisably with silver ions, for the lining; (5) minimal number of sutures at the lining; (6) no elastic material at the front of the shoe and at the lining at the toes; (7) increased volume and enough space for the toes; (8) front slant of 15°; (9) potential ability to adjust the inner volume of the shoe; (10) hard counter - stabilizing hard back with additional softening at the lining side; (11) heel with a front slant or a solid sole without a heel; (12) smooth non-traumatic surface suitable for scrubbing including cleansing with antiseptics. The indications for orthopedic relief in patients with diabetic foot syndrome are explained. Economic superiority of organ-preserving approaches in such patients is shown. There is an opposition for conservative methods of treatment of patients with diabetic foot syndrome, nevertheless, an amputation can not be estimated as a positive treatment outcome in such patients. Almost 70-90% of ulcers in this group of patients are healed without amputation. Limb-saving treatment and the use of specially selected shoes are cheaper and more cost-effective compared to the limb loss. Conclusion. The use of orthopedic shoes in patients with diabetic foot syndrome is used both for treatment and rehabilitation. This technique can reduce the risk of ulceration and prevent organ-sparing surgeries.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
R. I. Damdinov ◽  
K. G. Shapovalov ◽  
N. I. Troitskaya

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Vilius Petrėtis ◽  
Audrius Gradauskas ◽  
Jonas Činčikas

Vilius Petrėtis1, Audrius Gradauskas2, Jonas Činčikas11 Vilniaus miesto universitetinės ligoninės Chirurgijos klinika,2 Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakultetoBendrosios medicinos praktikos ir slaugos katedra,Vilniaus miesto universitetinės ligoninės Chirurgijos klinika,Antakalnio g. 57, LT-2040, VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Cukrinis diabetas ligoniui dabar nėra toks pavojingas, kaip šios ligos sukeltos komplikacijos. Viena jų yra diabetinės pėdos sindromas – pagrindinė cukriniu diabetu sergančių ligonių hospitalizavimo ir amputacijų priežastis. Nors yra labai daug ligonių, sergančių diabetinės pėdos sindromu, ir šis skaičius vis didėja, tačiau iki šiol nėra sukurtos vienodos diabetinės pėdos klasifikavimo sistemos. Viena iš priežasčių ta, kad šis sindromas turėtų būti vertinamas ir gydomas kelių klinikinių disciplinų specialistų: bendrojo chirurgo, kraujagyslių chirurgo, endokrinologo. Į šią problemą norėjome pažvelgti iš bendrojo chirurgo pozicijų. Tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti diabetinės pėdos epidemiologiją, suklasifikuoti diabetinę pėdą pagal tris klasifikavimo sistemas, paanalizuoti šių klasifikavimo sistemų pranašumus ir trūkumus, nustatyti cukrinio diabeto komplikacijų priklausomybę nuo įvairių epidemiologinių veiksnių bei cukrinio diabeto tipo, apžvelgti diabetinės pėdos sindromo simptomatiką. Metodai 1992–2002 metais Vilniaus miesto universitetinės ligoninės Bendrosios chirurgijos skyriuje nuo diabetinės pėdos sindromo buvo gydomas 441 pacientas. Duomenys rinkti pildant tam tikros formos anketas. Rezultatai Iš 54,6% vyrų ir 45,4% moterų 85,7% sirgo II tipo ir 14,3% – I tipo cukriniu diabetu. Vyrų ir moterų santykis – 1,20. Dėl diabetinės pėdos sindromo hospitalizuoti ligoniai diabetu sirgo vidutiniškai 13,5±7,9 metų, o 2,9% ligonių diabetas hospitalizavimo metu buvo diagnozuotas pirmąkart. Vidutinis ligonių amžius – 63,8±11,7 metų. 32,9% ligonių hospitalizuoti dėl neuropatinės, 42,4%– dėl neuroischeminės ir 24,7% – dėl mišrios diabetinės pėdos. Tiriant sistemines diabeto komplikacijas, 29,0% ligonių diagnozuota nefropatija, 25,8% – retinopatija ir 4,5% – encefalopatija. Sisteminių diabeto komplikacijų nebuvo 56,9% ligonių. Vieną komplikaciją turėjo 29,0% ligonių, dvi – 12,5%, visas tris pirmiau minėtas sistemines komplikacijas – 1,6% ligonių. Dažniausiai dėl diabetinės pėdos sindromo hospitalizuojamiems ligoniams nustatomos kelios diagnozės: pūlynas – 88,5%, gangrena – 41,1%, pėdos kaulų osteomielitas – 29,8%, galūnės opa – 25,3% atvejų. Vidutinė hospitalizavimo dėl diabetinės pėdos sindromo trukmė yra 40,0±1,58 dienos. Pagrindinis simptomas, varginęs daugiau kaip 90% ligonių, buvo galūnės skausmas, per 70% ligonių skundėsi patinimu. Daugiau kaip pusei ligonių buvo pūliavimas, sutrikusi galūnės funkcija. Išvados Diabetinės pėdos tipas nepriklauso nuo cukrinio diabeto tipo ir paciento lyties. Cukraligės sisteminės komplikacijos – nefropatija, retinopatija, encefalopatija būdingesnės mišraus tipo diabetinės pėdos sindromu sergantiems ligoniams. Diabetinė nefropatija būdingesnė ligoniams, sergantiems I tipo cukralige. Dažniausiai hospitalizuotiems ligoniams nustatomos kelios diagnozės (pvz., galūnės gangrena, pūlynas ir opa). Diabetinė pėdos opa būdingesnė II tipo cukraligei, pėdos gangrena – neuroischeminio tipo diabetinės pėdos sindromui. Klasifikavimo sistema turėtų būti paprasta, tiksli, specifiška ir pritaikyta praktiniam darbui. Wagnerio klasifikavimo sistema galėtų būti taikoma pirminės sveikatos priežiūros grandyje, S(AD) SAD sistema labiau tiktų retrospektyviems tyrimams, o pagal Paprastąją stadijų nustatymo sistemą (Simple Staging System) turėtų būtų klasifikuojamos hospitalizuotų ligonių diabetinės pėdos. Prasminiai žodžiai: cukrinis diabetas, diabetinė pėda, epidemiologija, simptomatika, klasifikacija. Diabetic foot: epidemiology, classification, symptoms Vilius Petrėtis1, Audrius Gradauskas2, Jonas Činčikas1 Background / objective Diabetes mellitus for a patient is not as dangerous as its complications. One of these complications is diabetic foot syndrome which is the main reason for hospitalization and amputation among patients ill with diabetes mellitus. Although the number of patients ill with diabetic foot syndrome is rapidly increasing, there is no unified system of diabetic foot classification. One of the reasons is that this syndrome must be treated by several clinicians: general surgeons, vascular surgeons, endocrinologists. The topics are analysed from the general surgeon's point of view. The aim of the study was to analyse the epidemiology and symptoms of diabetic foot syndrome, to classify diabetic foot according to three different classification systems used worlwide, and to find the advantages and disadvantages of these classification systems. Methods At the Vilnius City University Hospital, from 1992 to 2002 441 patients with diabetic foot syndrome were hospitalized. The data were collected from queationnaires. Results Of 54.6% of males and 45.4% of females, 85.7% were ill with type II and 14.3% with type I diabetes mellitus. The male to female ratio is 1.2. The average duration of diabetes mellitus for patients hospitalized with diabetic foot syndrome was 13.5 ± 7.9 years, and for 2.9% of patients diabetes mellitus for the first time was diagnosed during hospitalization. The average age was 63.8 ± 11.7 years. 32.9% of patients were hospitalized due to neuropathic, 42.4% due to neuroischemic and 24.7% due to mixed diabetic foot. 29.0% of patients had diabetic nephropathy, 25.8% diabetic retinopathy and 4.5% diabetic encephalopathy. 56.9% of patients had no systemic complications, 29.0% had one, 12.5% had two, 1.6% had three of all the above-mentioned systemic complications. Most frequently there were several diagnoses for a patient. Phlegmon of lower extremity was diagnosed in 88.5%, gangrene in 41.1%, osteomyelitis of foot bones in 29.8% and ulcer of foot in 25.3% of all cases. The average duration of hospitalization was 40.0 ± 1.58 days. The main symptom that affected over 90% of all patients was pain of the lower extremity, over 70% of patients suffered from swelling. Over half of all patients were referred to our hospital because of lower extremity suppuration and foot function disorders. Conclusions Diabetic foot type doesn't depend on the diabetes mellitus type and patient's sex. Diabetes mellitus systemic complications, such as nephropathy, retinopathy, encephalopathy were more common in the mixed type of diabetic foot. Diabetic nephropathy was more common in type I diabetes mellitus. Frequently there were several diagnoses for a patient, e.g., gangrene, phlegmon and ulcer of a lower extremity. Foot ulcers were more common in type II diabetes mellitus. Gangrene of foot is more common in neuroischemic foot. The classification system has to be simple, exact, specific and useful for decision making. The Wagner classification system could be used in out-patient surgery departments, S(AD) SAD classification system could be useful for retrospective studies. Diabetic feet of hospitalized patients could be classified according to the Simple Staging System. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot, epidemiology, symptoms, classification


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilufar Ibragimova ◽  
Telman Kamalov ◽  
Khamidulla Shakirov ◽  
Lyudmila Kokareva ◽  
Oksana Platonova

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Silina ◽  
V. A. Stupin ◽  
R. B. Gabitov

The review of the world literature, is devoted to the role of collagen in the process of wound healing. The problems of epidemiology of chronic wounds and ulcers of various genesis, physiology and pathophysiology of wound healing phases are considered. The pathogeneticrole of different types of collagen, as well as the mechanisms of collagen, macrophage, fibroblasts, matrix metalloproteinases and other cytokines in healing ulcers are discussed. The prospects of development and use of medical products and preparations based on collagen in the treatment of patients with chronic wounds and ulcers are shown. The results of clinical studies on the effectiveness of collagen with preserved (native) and unsaved (fractionated) structure are presented. The advantages of using native collagen in the treatment of diabetic foot syndrome are demonstrated.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Denis V. Frolov

One of the most disabling complications of diabetes mellitus is angiopathy of the lower extremities. Diabetic polyneuropathy and diabetic foot syndrome are closely associated with vascular complications of diabetes mellitus, which significantly aggravate the course of the disease and contribute to high mortality. Diabetic polyneuropathy and diabetic foot syndrome are closely associated with the diabetes mellitus vascular complications that significantly aggravate the course of the disease and contribute to high mortality. Despite the improvement in the results of pharmacotherapy of diabetes mellitus, the problem of treating its vascular complications is far from being solved. Traditionally, therapeutic physical training is used among the methods of non-drug treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. As a method of pathogenetic focus on many risk factors for the development of diabetes and its complications, physical therapy exercises contribute to the correction of the syndrome of hypodynamia, obesity, and muscle atrophy. At the same time, there is insufficient data on how exercise therapy affects the quality of life of patients, functional characteristics of walking and objective indicators of blood flow in the lower extremities. This review identifies the main approaches to the application, advantages and disadvantages of individual methods of therapeutic physical training in the correction of functional disorders in patients with lower extremities diabetic angiopathies. We can currently talk about the proven safety of the physical therapy use in patients with diabetic angiopathies. Meanwhile, the scientific data on the high efficiency of this method is still insufficient.


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