Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Revealed by a Peritonitis

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuilleumier ◽  
Halkic
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Purpura Fulminans ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Life Threatening

Group A streptococcus (GAS) or Streptococcus pyogenes cause a variety of life-threatening infectious complications including necrotizing fasciitis, purpura fulminans and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Exotoxins that act as superantigens are felt to be responsible for STSS. These exotoxins are highly destructive to skin, muscle and soft tissue. This syndrome has a rapid and fulminant course with frequently fatal outcome. GAS remains sensitive to penicillin but in serious infection a combination of clindamycin and ceftriaxone or meropenemum is recommended. Several studies have shown that mortality was dramatically reduced in STSS patients treated with immunoglobulin G given intravenously (IVIG). Early recognition of this most rapidly progressive infection and prompt operative debridement are required for successful management. This report presents a female patient at two month post-partum with a peritonitis and multi-organ failure.

scholarly journals Streptococcal sepsis and periorbital cellulitis as a complication of influenza in a 4-year-old girl

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-315
Author(s):  
Anna Materny ◽  
◽  
Ernest Kuchar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
The Right

Influenza may pave the way for some specific bacterial infections. In this case study we present a rare complication of influenza A infection – periorbital cellulitis followed by streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and scarlet fever. A 4-year-old otherwise healthy girl presented with her mother to a general practitioner with fatigue, irritability and fever not responding to antipyretics. Due to the positive rapid influenza diagnostic test, treatment with oseltamivir was implemented. The Quick Strep Test was negative. During the following days, the patient’s condition worsened, leading to an admission to a paediatric otolaryngology unit. Doctors observed an asymmetrical swelling of the lids with exophthalmos of the right eye, pharyngitis, petechiae in skin folds, a strawberry tongue and skin exfoliation on the lips. The patient was treated with intravenous broadspectrum antibiotics (cefotaxime, vancomycin) and underwent drainage of sinuses, without any significant improvement. On the following day, the girl showed signs of systemic infection, confusion and further swelling of both eyes, and therefore was moved to an intensive care unit. Computed tomography of the head showed signs of periorbital cellulitis with destruction of the surrounding bones. After obtaining a positive blood culture for group A streptococcus, penicillin and clindamycin were immediately administered. The patient’s condition improved within 24 hours. The described case emphasises the importance of yearly influenza vaccination, especially in the groups with risk factors like very young age. Early diagnosis of the streptococcal infection as a complication of influenza and a targeted treatment may prevent the potentially fatal outcome in the form of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.

scholarly journals „Tempus fugit, venit mors” – a streptococcalis toxikus sokk szindrómáról egy eset kapcsán

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (48) ◽  
pp. 1887-1893
Author(s):  
Bálint Gergely Szabó ◽  
Rebeka Kiss ◽  
Katalin Szidónia Lénárt ◽  
Nikolova Radka ◽  
Béla Kádár
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Level ◽  
Portal Of Entry

Abstract: Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a hyperacute, life-threatening illness, a complication of invasive streptococcal (mostly group A, rarely groups B, G or C) infection. There is no portal of entry (skin, vagina, pharynx) in nearly half of the STSS cases. The initial signs and symptoms (fever, flu-like complaints, hypotension) are scarce and aspecific, but because of its rapid progression and poor prognosis, early high level of suspicion is necessary. Management has 3 crucial points: initiation of anti-streptococcal regimen (and intravenous immunoglobulin in some cases), aggressive intensive care support of multi-organ failure, and surgical control of the infective source. In this article, we present a case of a patient succumbing to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome which was preceded by primary S. pyogenes bacteremia, and review the key points of this potentially fatal disease for practising clinicians. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(48): 1887–1893.

scholarly journals Post-partum streptococcal toxic shock syndrome associated with necrotizing fasciitis

IDCases ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chuan Chua ◽  
Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan ◽  
Saedah Ali ◽  
Sanihah Che Omar ◽  
Wan Mohd Nazaruddin Wan Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock

scholarly journals AR-12 Has a Bactericidal Activity and a Synergistic Effect with Gentamicin against Group A Streptococcus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11617
Author(s):  
Nina Tsao ◽  
Ya-Chu Chang ◽  
Sung-Yuan Hsieh ◽  
Tang-Chi Li ◽  
Ching-Chen Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Spherical Structures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen that can cause severe invasive infection, such as necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. The mortality rate of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome ranges from 20% to 50% in spite of antibiotics administration. AR-12, a pyrazole derivative, has been reported to inhibit the infection of viruses, intracellular bacteria, and fungi. In this report, we evaluated the bactericidal activities and mechanisms of AR-12 on GAS infection. Our in vitro results showed that AR-12 dose-dependently reduced the GAS growth, and 2.5 μg/mL of AR-12 significantly killed GAS within 2 h. AR-12 caused a remarkable reduction in nucleic acid and protein content of GAS. The expression of heat shock protein DnaK and streptococcal exotoxins was also inhibited by AR-12. Surveys of the GAS architecture by scanning electron microscopy revealed that AR-12-treated GAS displayed incomplete septa and micro-spherical structures protruding out of cell walls. Moreover, the combination of AR-12 and gentamicin had a synergistic antibacterial activity against GAS replication for both in vitro and in vivo infection. Taken together, these novel findings obtained in this study may provide a new therapeutic strategy for invasive GAS infection.

scholarly journals Group a streptococcal cellulitis in the early puerperium

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Branka Nikolic ◽  
Ana Mitrovic ◽  
Svetlana Dragojevic-Dikic ◽  
Snezana Rakic ◽  
Zlatica Cakic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Short Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A

Introduction. Infectious diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a member of the group A Streptococci (GAS) are among the most common life threatening ones. Patients with GAS infections have a poor survival rate. Cellulitis is a severe invasive GAS infection and the most common clinical presentation of the disease associated with more deaths than it can be seen in other GAS infections. According to the literature data, most cases of GAS toxic shock syndrome are developed in the puerperium. However, there are two main problems with GAS infection in early puerperium and this case report is aimed at reminding on them. The first problem is an absence of awareness that it can be postpartal invasive GAS infection before the microbiology laboratory confirms it, and the second one is that we have little knowledge about GAS infection, in general. Case report. A 32- year-old healthy woman, gravida 1, para 1, was hospitalized three days after vaginal delivery with a 38-hour history of fever, pain in the left leg (under the knee), and head injury after short period of conscious lost. Clinical picture of GAS infection was cellulites. Group A Streptoccocus pyogenes was isolated in vaginal culture. Rapid antibiotic and supportive treatment stopped development of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) and potential multiorganic failure. Signs and symptoms of the infection lasted 25 days, and complete recovery of the patient almost 50 days. Conclusion. In all women in childbed with a history of fever early after delivery, vaginal and cervical culture specimens should be taken as soon as possible. Early recognition of GAS infection in early puerperium and prompt initiation of antimicrobial drug and supportive therapy can prevent development of STSS and lethal outcome.

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome secondary to group A Streptococcus vaginitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 873-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayu Hikone ◽  
Ken-ichiro Kobayashi ◽  
Takuya Washino ◽  
Masayuki Ota ◽  
Naoya Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Group A

Group A Streptococcus and hepatitis – streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 295-299
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Gupta ◽  
Jarrod Brumby ◽  
Joanna Burton ◽  
Susan Moloney ◽  
Benjamin Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Group A
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