Development and Construct Validation of the German Workplace Trust Survey (G-WTS)

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock ◽  
Simone Kauffeld
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Workplace Trust

In research on trust in the organizational context, there is some agreement evolving that trust should be measured with respect to various foci. The Workplace Trust Survey (WTS) by Ferres (2002) provides reliable assessment of coworker, supervisor, and organizational trust. By means of a functionally equivalent translation, we developed a German version of the questionnaire (G-WTS) comprising 21 items. A total of 427 employees were surveyed with the G-WTS and questionnaires concerning several work-related attitudes and behaviors and 92 of these completed the survey twice. The hypothesized three-dimensional conceptualization of organizational trust was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The G-WTS showed good internal consistency and retest reliability values. Concerning convergent validity, all of the three G-WTS dimensions positively predicted job satisfaction. In terms of discriminant validity, Coworker Trust enhanced group cohesion; Supervisor Trust fostered innovative behavior, while Organizational Trust was associated with affective commitment. Theoretical and practical contributions as well as opportunities for future research with the G-WTS are discussed.

Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa C. Smyth ◽  
Scott T. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

Objective: Characterized by significant work-related impairments, difficulties with relationships, and higher rates of criminal behavior and substance abuse, ADHD is now understood as a disability that can persist throughout a lifetime. Differing opinions remain, however, regarding adult symptoms of ADHD, particularly with regard to gender differences. These issues add to the challenges of constructing a reliable and valid measure of ADHD for use with adults in research and practice. Method: We review the theoretical foundations of ADHD and psychometric properties of a major assessment device, the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS). Results: Results of the literature review found (a) a wide range of internal consistency estimates, with lowest values for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM)–Hyperactive/Impulsive Symptoms subscale when completed by women, and (b) discriminant validity estimates in the same range as convergent validity estimates. Conclusion: These findings raise questions about the construct validity of the CAARS and suggest directions for future research.

Development of the Fear of Intimacy Components Questionnaire (FICQ)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pedro Sobral ◽  
Maria Emília Costa
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fear Of Intimacy ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract. We developed a new instrument designed to measure fear of intimacy in romantic relationships. We suggest assessing fear of intimacy through two dimensions: self-revelation and dependence. The Fear of Intimacy Components Questionnaire (FICQ) was validated across three studies in which a 10-item solution systematically emerged. Consistently with a two component perspective, a two-factor solution fitted data the best: fear of losing the self (FLS) and fear of losing the other (FLO). Qualitative analyses verified content validity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses tested the factor structure. Multigroup analyses supported the structural invariance across gender, age, and relationship status. Both factors showed adequate discriminant validity and internal consistency, and good 3-week period test-retest reliability. Associations between the FICQ and insecure attachment orientations demonstrated convergent validity. The association between the FICQ and relationship satisfaction above and beyond a preexisting measure offered criterion validity. By going beyond traditional self-revelation-focused conception of fear of intimacy, that is, by proposing a bi-dimensional structure to fear of intimacy, we believe that this new measure will contribute to future research on fear of intimacy.

PENGEMBANGAN SKALA LOCUS OF CONTROL

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
Hendryadi Hendryadi
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Employee Selection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Two Stages

This article aims to develop a short form of the locus of control scale. The study was conducted in two stages: a study of 66 respondents as pilot testing which aims to test content validity, structure validity, and internal consistency. Study 2 was conducted on 328 respondents used to test the validity and reliability of the scale evaluated by the PLS-SEM method (such as internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity). The analysis concludes that the 8-item locus of control scales tested have adequate validity and reliability. A short form locus of control scale was developed and validated in this study, so it can be used in future research and evaluation for HR management practitioners in employee selection Keywords: locus of control, EFA, CFA, scale construction

scholarly journals DARBUOTOJŲ PSICHOLOGINIS ĮGALINIMAS: LIETUVIŠKOJO TYRIMO METODO PSICHOMETRINĖS CHARAKTERISTIKOS

Psichologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 44-60
Author(s):  
M. Tvarijonavičius ◽  
D. Bagdžiūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Motivation Scale

Straipsnyje analizuojama darbuotojų psichologinio įgalinimo problema, pristatomas lietuviškas psichologinio įgalinimo vertinimo klausimynas ir jo psichometrinės charakteristikos. Metodas parengtas dviem etapais, naudojant empirinę skalių konstravimo strategiją. Pirmajame etape, taikant grupinio interviu ir ekspertinio vertinimo metodus, parengti psichologinio įgalinimo vertinimo teiginiai. Antrajame etape atliktas empirinis tyrimas (dalyvavo 189 tiriamieji, reprezentuojantys 8 Lietuvos organizacijas). Remiantis jo rezultatais parengtas lietuviškas psichologinio įgalinimo vertinimo klausimynas. Tiriamosios faktorių analizės metodu išskirti penki faktoriai: prasmė, entuziazmas, sprendimų priėmimas, autonomija ir pasitikėjimas kompetencija. Klausimynas pasižymi dideliu vidiniu patikimumu (bendras Cronbacho α = 0,909, atskirų subskalių nuo 0,755 iki 0,880), dideliu konvergentiniu ir diskriminantiniu konstrukto validumu tiek viso klausimyno, tiek atskirų penkių skalių lygmeniu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: psichologinis įgalinimas, psichologinio įgalinimo klausimynas, patikimumas, validumas.EMPLOYEE PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE LITHUANIAN QUESTIONNAIREMantas Tvarijonavičius, Dalia Bagdžiūnienė SummaryEmployee psychological empowerment is treated as a multidimensional construct manifesting in several dimensions. It has been researched for several decades using various scales depending on the definition of psychological empowerment chosen by a reasercher. However, there is a lack of widely applicable, compact instruments for a reliable and valid assessment of psychological empowerment. Furthermore, there has been a lack of empowerment research in Lithuania. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to construct a Lithuanian psychological empowerment questionnaire and to evaluate its psychometric properties (reliability and validity).The strategy of the empirical construction of a questionnaire was used. At first, statements to describe the concept of psychological empowerment were generated, using group interviews and expert evaluation. Fifteen final items were included into the Lithuanian Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (LPEQ). Then, an empirical research was performed: 189 respondents from 8 organizations filled up the LPEQ, G.M. Spreizer (1995) Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (PEQ), B. E. Ashforth (1990) Helplessness Scale, Intrinsic Motivation Scale (Warr et al., 1979), and socio-demografic questions.The results of the study have revealed that the LPEQ has a high internal reliability (Cronbach α = 0.909). Five factors were extracted using the exploratoryfactor analysis, three items each. Psychological empowerment was defined based on five dimensions: meaning, enthusiasm, decision making, authonomy, and trust in competence. The Cronbach α was between 0.755 and 0.880 for the dimension level. These five dimensions show support for the existing models of psychological empowerment (Spreitzer, 1995; Menon, 2001), but also they supplement these models with for instance, the dimension of enthusiasm.The convergent validity of the LPEQ was confirmed by strong correlations (p < 0.01) between the LPEQ and the PEQ subscales, and the Intrinsic Motivation Scale. It was supported by a negative correlation between the LPEQ subscales and the Helplessness Scale. Based on the analysis of correlations, the discriminant validity of the LPEQ dimensions’ levels was confirmed.In conclusion, the Lithuanian Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (LPEQ) can be characterized as an instrument with appropriate psychometricproperties for the use in research and practice. Directions for the future research in the field have been offered.Key words: psychological empowerment, psychological empowerment questionnaire, reliability, validity.

Customer Satisfaction via Service Quality Dimensions

2016 ◽  
pp. 1829-1846
Author(s):  
Gyaneshwar Singh Kushwaha ◽  
Shiv Ratan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Service Quality Dimensions ◽  
Improve Service Quality ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the study is to measure the customer satisfaction via service quality dimensions as a whole and individually in the context of stock broking services. A non probability convenient sampling approach has been used in the study. Respondents have been restricted to those who have the experience of trading in stock market through stock brokers. The sample consisted of 229 valid individual customers from Bhopal (MP), India through structured self-administrated questionnaire. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability of the collected data were measured before testing of the research model. An exploratory factor analysis has been conducted using principal components analysis to determine the dimensions of financial service quality. A linear regression was performed to test the relationship between the service quality dimensions and customer satisfaction. The findings suggest that service quality as a whole and individually have a significant impact on customer satisfaction. The results of the study provide useful information for managers to improve service quality which leads to customer satisfaction. The findings were solely on stock broking services from Bhopal (MP) in India which impacts its generalisability. Replication of the present study might be required in other stock broking markets, to improve generalisability using larger samples. Another potential area for future research could be the link between service quality dimensions, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and customer retention at stock broking services. The study is important considering the economic advantages of satisfying and retaining current customers as opposed to seeking for new customers which is essential in stock broking services. The paper contributes to the literature on stock broking services in India.

Exploring hotel employees’ regulatory foci and voice behavior: the moderating role of leader-member exchange

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
You-De Dai ◽  
Wen-Long Zhuang ◽  
Po-Kai Yang ◽  
Yi-Jun Wang ◽  
Tzung-Cheng Huan
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose Drawing on leader-member exchange theory and regulatory focus theory, the purpose of this study is to explore the effects of hotel employees’ regulatory foci on their voice behavior and the moderating role of leader-member exchange. Design/methodology/approach The questionnaire includes demographics, regulatory foci, leader-member exchange and voice behavior sections. The data was collected via a survey of 10 international tourist hotels in Taiwan and 479 valid questionnaires were completed. Confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were used to test the composite reliability, discriminant validity and convergent validity. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings The outcome of this study indicates that both promotion focus and prevention focus can benefit employees’ voice behavior; however, prevention-focused employees have more positive voice behavior than promotion-focused employees. In addition, the leader-member exchange can moderate the relationship between regulatory foci and voice behavior. Originality/value This is an empirical study in the hotel field to examine the moderating effects of leader-member exchange on the relationships between regulatory foci and voice behavior. This research is contributed toward human resource management literature in the hospitality and tourism domain. Practices for managers and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Customer Satisfaction via Service Quality Dimensions

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyaneshwar Singh Kushwaha ◽  
Shiv Ratan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Service Quality Dimensions ◽  
Improve Service Quality ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the study is to measure the customer satisfaction via service quality dimensions as a whole and individually in the context of stock broking services. A non probability convenient sampling approach has been used in the study. Respondents have been restricted to those who have the experience of trading in stock market through stock brokers. The sample consisted of 229 valid individual customers from Bhopal (MP), India through structured self-administrated questionnaire. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability of the collected data were measured before testing of the research model. An exploratory factor analysis has been conducted using principal components analysis to determine the dimensions of financial service quality. A linear regression was performed to test the relationship between the service quality dimensions and customer satisfaction. The findings suggest that service quality as a whole and individually have a significant impact on customer satisfaction. The results of the study provide useful information for managers to improve service quality which leads to customer satisfaction. The findings were solely on stock broking services from Bhopal (MP) in India which impacts its generalisability. Replication of the present study might be required in other stock broking markets, to improve generalisability using larger samples. Another potential area for future research could be the link between service quality dimensions, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and customer retention at stock broking services. The study is important considering the economic advantages of satisfying and retaining current customers as opposed to seeking for new customers which is essential in stock broking services. The paper contributes to the literature on stock broking services in India.

scholarly journals Reflection on success and failures: scale development and validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 615-626
Author(s):  
Makoto Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strengths Use ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose Although positive psychology emphasizes the importance of reflecting on success in promoting strengths use and self-efficacy, no research has developed a measure of reflection on success. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the scales for reflection on success and failures. Design/methodology/approach Study 1 was conducted to extract the dimensions of reflection on success and failures using survey data from nurses (n = 298), whereas Study 2 involved validation of the scales using a two-wave survey of physical therapists (n = 291). Findings In Study 1, the factors of “reflection on success” and “reflection on failures” were extracted by exploratory factor analysis. In Study 2, the discriminant validity of the two scales was established via confirmatory factor analyses. The structural equation modeling results indicated that reflection on success promoted work authenticity, work engagement and strengths use, while reflection on failures only promoted work engagement, indicating the convergent validity of the scales. Research limitations/implications As the research subjects were medical professionals in Japan, the scales need to be validated with samples from a wide range of occupations and cultural backgrounds, in future research. Originality/value The present research expands the literature on reflection and strengths-based approach by introducing the “success–failures” dimension based on positive psychology, broaden-and-build theory and job demands–resources theory.

Tour Conductor Playfulness: Conceptualizing and Scale Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Tien-Ming Cheng ◽  
Mei-Tsun Chen ◽  
Cheng-Ho Wu
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Depth Interviews

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize a construct of Tour Conductor Playfulness (TCP) and establish a set of reliable and valid measures for TCP. The construct of TCP introduces a new concept in tourism research, while also extending the application of playfulness theory. TCP also can help businesses train employees and serve as a tool for human resource management. Study 1 produced initial items through in-depth interviews and content analysis, and study 2 conducted two sample collections. First, an exploratory factor analysis was performed by investigating 253 tour conductors, and four factors were identified: playful guiding, enthusiastic guiding, creative guiding, and engaged guiding. Second, this scale was validated with a new sample of 396 tour conductors. We verified the reliability of the TCP scale through confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity to finally obtain 23 items. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.

Reasons for Non-Engagement in Online Shopping

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rex P. Bringula
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This study aimed to determine the reasons why Filipinos were not engaged in online shopping. Toward this aim, 400 respondents answered a 23-item questionnaire. It was revealed that most of the respondents were male, single, and at least college graduates. They were employees, belonged to diverse economic backgrounds, had computer and Internet access at home, and owned ATM cards. The majority did not have a credit card. Exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation revealed that there were four reasons why respondents were not engaged in online shopping. These reasons were availability of mall services (M), quality issues (Q), price concerns (P), and interest (I). Confirmatory factor analysis reduced the number of items of MQPI from 23 to 17 items. It was disclosed that the constructs were of good fit. Discriminant validity showed that all reasons were distinct from one another. Convergent validity of the constructs was also achieved. MQPI was able to capture 72% of the reasons why Filipinos were not engaged in online shopping. Implications and directions for future research that could be derived from this study were also presented.

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