scholarly journals Identification of Emotions in Offenders With Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Catarina Iria ◽  
Fernando Barbosa ◽  
Rui Paixão
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Monetary Reward ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Response Cost ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Abstract. A group of offenders with antisocial personality (ASP) and a control group identified facial expressions of emotion under three conditions: monetary reward, monetary response cost, and no contingency, to explore effects on the antisocial offenders’ deficits commonly reported in these tasks. Skin Conductance Responses (SCRs) indexed emotional arousal. Offenders with ASP performed worse than controls under reward and no contingency conditions, but under the response-cost condition results were similar. The offenders with ASP presented higher SCR than the controls in the two monetary conditions. Findings suggest that offenders with ASP are hypersensitive to monetary contingencies; monetary reward seems to interfere negatively in their performance while monetary response cost improves it. Arousal level seems unable to explain ability to identify facial affects, while results suggest that methodological variations may explain the conflicting results in the literature.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological and behavioural characteristics of individuals comorbid for antisocial personality disorder and schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Schug ◽  
Adrian Raine ◽  
Rand R. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Reported Crime

BackgroundFew studies have examined people with comorbid schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder, a subgroup who may differ psychophysiologically and behaviourally from those with either condition alone.AimsTo test whether individuals with both types of personality disorder are particularly characterised by reduced orienting and arousal and by increased criminal offending.MethodIn a community adult sample, self-reported crime and skin conductance orienting were collected on four diagnostic groups: schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorder only; antisocial personality disorder only; comorbidity of the two disorders; and a control group.ResultsThe comorbid group showed significantly higher levels of criminal behaviour than the other three groups. They also showed reduced skin conductance orienting to neutral tones compared with the other groups, and significantly reduced arousal and orienting to significant stimuli compared with the control group.ConclusionsReduced orienting may reflect a neurocognitive attentional risk factor for both antisocial and schizotypal personality disorders that indirectly reflects a common neural substrate to these disorders.

scholarly journals Antisocial Personality Traits as a Risk Factor of Violence between Individuals with Mental Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Filov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

BACKGROUND: Mental disorder can increase the likelihood of taking violent acts of some individuals, but only a small percentage of violence in societies could be attributed to patients with mental health problems. For the past several years numerous studies related to forensic psychiatry has confirmed a close causal relationship between violent offenders and psychiatric comorbidity. Several studies have provided strong evidence that antisocial personality disorders (APD) represent a significant clinical risk for violence. AIM: This study aims to show the relationship between antisocial personality disorder and antisocial personality traits with the other mental disorders and the manifestation of violence between the forensic populations of patients. METHODS: The survey was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospitals and the Mental Health Centre. The research was carried out between two groups: one group of perpetrators of violence (PV) and a control group divided into two subgroups, a control group without violence (CG WV) and a group of respondents forcibly hospitalised CG FH. After obtaining consent for participation in the study, patients were interviewed, and questionnaires were applied. The research methodology included using measuring instrument-Psychopathy Checklist-revised (Hare's PCL-R). RESULTS: The results show that in the group PV antisocial personality disorder is present in 45 patients, or 50% of the total sample. According to statistical research in between groups PV, CG WV and CG WV, there were determent significant differences in specifically listed items from Hare's PCL-R. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathological traits of mental disorders which are pathognomonic of committing violence are paranoid schizophrenia, as the most present and antisocial personality disorder in comorbidity, as the highest risk factor among the population with mental disorders that manifest violence.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Rational Emotive Therapy in the Management of Antisocial Personality Disorder among Adolescents in Owerri Municipal, Imo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 555-565
Author(s):  
Chikwe Agbakwuru ◽  
Hope Ejiociii Mgbeoduru
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Rational Emotive Therapy ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Rational Emotive

This study investigated the efficacy of Rational Emotive Therapy in, the management of (ASPD) among adolescents in Owerri municipal, Imo State, Nigeria. It adopted a quasi-experimental design of pre-test post-test control group. Three research questions and three hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. Thirty adolescents who were eighteen years formed the sample. Mean, standard derivation, t-test and 2 ways ANOVA were used to analyze the data obtained. The results obtained showed that Rational Emotive Therapy is efficacious in the management of antisocial personality disorder at post and follow up tests. The results also indicate that male and female adolescents have ASPD and are amenable to change using cognitive restructuring technique of Rational Emotive Therapy. Based on the findings, it was recommended that counselling psychologists should be posted to schools and made teaching subject free to enable them identify and work on adolescents with ASPD and its antecedents of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorders.

scholarly journals Prepulse Inhibition in Cocaine Addiction and Dual Pathologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Isis Gil-Miravet ◽  
Alejandro Fuertes-Saiz ◽  
Ana Benito ◽  
Isabel Almodóvar ◽  
Enrique Ochoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Prepulse Inhibition ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Cocaine Addiction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised

Cocaine addiction is frequently associated with different psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder. A small number of studies have used prepulse inhibition (PPI) as a discriminating factor between these disorders. This work evaluated PPI and the phenotype of patients with cocaine-related disorder (CRD) who presented a dual diagnosis of schizophrenia or antisocial personality disorder. A total of 74 men aged 18–60 years were recruited for this research. The sample was divided into four groups: CRD (n = 14), CRD and schizophrenia (n = 21), CRD and antisocial personality disorder (n = 16), and a control group (n = 23). We evaluated the PPI and other possible vulnerability factors in these patients by using different assessment scales. PPI was higher in the CRD group at 30 ms (F(3, 64) = 2.972, p = 0.038). Three discriminant functions were obtained which allowed us to use the overall Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised score, reward sensitivity, and PPI at 30 ms to predict inclusion of these patients in the different groups with a success rate of 79.7% (42.9% for CRD, 76.2% for CRD and schizophrenia, 100% for CRD and antisocial personality disorder, and 91.3% in the control group). Despite the differences we observed in PPI, this factor is of little use for discriminating between the different diagnostic groups and it acts more as a non-specific endophenotype in certain mental disorders, such as in patients with a dual diagnosis.

Love Scripts of Persons with Antisocial Personality

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380
Author(s):  
Barbara Gawda
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Adult Students ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Emotional Knowledge ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

This study compared the scripts of love among 60 prison inmates diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder and those of 40 inmates without an Antisocial Personality Disorder diagnosis but low antisocial tendencies, and a control group of 100 adult students in extramural or evening secondary schools without Antisocial Personality Disorder traits. The study focused on emotional knowledge about love of the group with Antisocial Personality Disorder, as they present lack of capacity for love. The study was done to examine how they perceive love and how much knowledge they have about love. All described their reactions to a photograph of a couple hugging each other. The content of these scripts, analyzed in terms of description of actors, their actions and emotions, and length of description, was compared among the groups. The scripts of love by antisocial inmates contained more actors' feelings and strong emotions, as well as more descriptions of actors' traits, their actions, and presumptions. The inmates with Antisocial Personality Disorder showed more focus on themselves when they described love than the other inmates and the controls.

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