scholarly journals Antisocial Personality Traits as a Risk Factor of Violence between Individuals with Mental Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Filov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

BACKGROUND: Mental disorder can increase the likelihood of taking violent acts of some individuals, but only a small percentage of violence in societies could be attributed to patients with mental health problems. For the past several years numerous studies related to forensic psychiatry has confirmed a close causal relationship between violent offenders and psychiatric comorbidity. Several studies have provided strong evidence that antisocial personality disorders (APD) represent a significant clinical risk for violence. AIM: This study aims to show the relationship between antisocial personality disorder and antisocial personality traits with the other mental disorders and the manifestation of violence between the forensic populations of patients. METHODS: The survey was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospitals and the Mental Health Centre. The research was carried out between two groups: one group of perpetrators of violence (PV) and a control group divided into two subgroups, a control group without violence (CG WV) and a group of respondents forcibly hospitalised CG FH. After obtaining consent for participation in the study, patients were interviewed, and questionnaires were applied. The research methodology included using measuring instrument-Psychopathy Checklist-revised (Hare's PCL-R). RESULTS: The results show that in the group PV antisocial personality disorder is present in 45 patients, or 50% of the total sample. According to statistical research in between groups PV, CG WV and CG WV, there were determent significant differences in specifically listed items from Hare's PCL-R. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathological traits of mental disorders which are pathognomonic of committing violence are paranoid schizophrenia, as the most present and antisocial personality disorder in comorbidity, as the highest risk factor among the population with mental disorders that manifest violence.

scholarly journals Identification of Emotions in Offenders With Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Catarina Iria ◽  
Fernando Barbosa ◽  
Rui Paixão
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Monetary Reward ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Response Cost ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Abstract. A group of offenders with antisocial personality (ASP) and a control group identified facial expressions of emotion under three conditions: monetary reward, monetary response cost, and no contingency, to explore effects on the antisocial offenders’ deficits commonly reported in these tasks. Skin Conductance Responses (SCRs) indexed emotional arousal. Offenders with ASP performed worse than controls under reward and no contingency conditions, but under the response-cost condition results were similar. The offenders with ASP presented higher SCR than the controls in the two monetary conditions. Findings suggest that offenders with ASP are hypersensitive to monetary contingencies; monetary reward seems to interfere negatively in their performance while monetary response cost improves it. Arousal level seems unable to explain ability to identify facial affects, while results suggest that methodological variations may explain the conflicting results in the literature.

scholarly journals The Differentiation of Narrative Styles in Individuals with High Psychopathic Deviate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Gawda
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Intelligence Level ◽  
Psychopathic Deviate

AbstractThe current study was designed to show the differentiation of narrative styles in individuals with high scores in Psychopathic deviate (Pd) scale and develop a method enabling identification of psychopathic personality traits based on linguistic indicators. 600 spontaneous narrations related to emotional topics have been examined for grammar, syntactic, and lexical indicators. The indicators have been selected based on a review related to language of psychopaths. The narrations were written by 200 persons who were also tested for psychopathic deviate and intelligence level, including prisoners diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. Independent judges identified the linguistic indicators which were then counted for each person with the use of computer software. The configuration profiles of the linguistic indicators/narrative styles were established using k-mean clustering method. Then, ANOVA was performed to show which clusters differentiate the levels of psychopathic deviate. The findings show there are two configurations of language features (important: single features were not examined) associated with high levels of psychopathic deviate patterns. Two narrative styles were identified, labelled demonstrative-digressive-egocentric-emotional-dogmatic and reserved-focused on the topic-repetitive, which indicate high psychopathic deviate traits. The ROC curves were applied to establish the prediction of the narrative styles for high psychopathic deviate scores.

scholarly journals Development of antisocial personality disorder in detained youths: The predictive value of mental disorders.

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Washburn ◽  
Erin Gregory Romero ◽  
Leah J. Welty ◽  
Karen M. Abram ◽  
Linda A. Teplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Antisocial Personality

scholarly journals Efficacy of Rational Emotive Therapy in the Management of Antisocial Personality Disorder among Adolescents in Owerri Municipal, Imo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 555-565
Author(s):  
Chikwe Agbakwuru ◽  
Hope Ejiociii Mgbeoduru
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Rational Emotive Therapy ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Rational Emotive

This study investigated the efficacy of Rational Emotive Therapy in, the management of (ASPD) among adolescents in Owerri municipal, Imo State, Nigeria. It adopted a quasi-experimental design of pre-test post-test control group. Three research questions and three hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. Thirty adolescents who were eighteen years formed the sample. Mean, standard derivation, t-test and 2 ways ANOVA were used to analyze the data obtained. The results obtained showed that Rational Emotive Therapy is efficacious in the management of antisocial personality disorder at post and follow up tests. The results also indicate that male and female adolescents have ASPD and are amenable to change using cognitive restructuring technique of Rational Emotive Therapy. Based on the findings, it was recommended that counselling psychologists should be posted to schools and made teaching subject free to enable them identify and work on adolescents with ASPD and its antecedents of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorders.

The relationship between hippocampal asymmetry and temperament in adolescent borderline and antisocial personality pathology

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Jovev ◽  
Sarah Whittle ◽  
Murat Yücel ◽  
Julian Guy Simmons ◽  
Nicholas B. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biological Risk Factor ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractInvestigating etiological processes early in the life span represents an important step toward a better understanding of the development of personality pathology. The current study evaluated the interaction between an individual difference risk factor (i.e., temperament) and a biological risk factor for aggressive behavior (i.e., atypical [larger] rightward hippocampal asymmetry) in predicting the emergence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder symptoms during early adolescence. The sample consisted of 153 healthy adolescents (M = 12.6 years, SD = 0.4, range = 11.4–13.7) who were selected from a larger sample to maximize variation in temperament. Interactions between four temperament factors (effortful control, negative affectivity, surgency, and affiliativeness), based on the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire—Revised, and volumetric measures of hippocampal asymmetry were examined as cross-sectional predictors of BPD and antisocial personality disorder symptoms. Boys were more likely to have elevated BPD symptoms if they were high on affiliation and had larger rightward hippocampal asymmetry. In boys, low affiliation was a significant predictor of BPD symptoms in the presence of low rightward hippocampal asymmetry. For girls, low effortful control was associated with elevated BPD symptoms in the presence of atypical rightward hippocampal asymmetry. This study builds on previous work reporting significant associations between atypical hippocampal asymmetry and poor behavioral regulation.

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