scholarly journals Multiscale carbon monoxide and aerosol correlations from satellite measurements and the GOCART model: Implication for emissions and atmospheric evolution

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (D7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huisheng Bian ◽  
Mian Chin ◽  
S. Randy Kawa ◽  
Hongbin Yu ◽  
Thomas Diehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Atmospheric Evolution ◽  
Gocart Model

scholarly journals Estimated total emissions of trace gases from the Canberra Wildfires of 2003: a new method using satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth & the MOZART chemical transport model

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 5739-5748 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paton-Walsh ◽  
L. K. Emmons ◽  
S. R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
New Method ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Vegetation Fires

Abstract. In this paper we describe a new method for estimating trace gas emissions from large vegetation fires using satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550 nm, combined with an atmospheric chemical transport model. The method uses a threshold value to screen out normal levels of AOD that may be caused by raised dust, sea salt aerosols or diffuse smoke transported from distant fires. Using this method we infer an estimated total emission of 15±5 Tg of carbon monoxide, 0.05±0.02 Tg of hydrogen cyanide, 0.11±0.03 Tg of ammonia, 0.25±0.07 Tg of formaldehyde, 0.03±0.01 of acetylene, 0.10±0.03 Tg of ethylene, 0.03±0.01 Tg of ethane, 0.21±0.06 Tg of formic acid and 0.28±0.09 Tg of methanol released to the atmosphere from the Canberra fires of 2003. An assessment of the uncertainties in the new method is made and we show that our estimate agrees (within expected uncertainties) with estimates made using current conventional methods of multiplying together factors for the area burned, fuel load, the combustion efficiency and the emission factor for carbon monoxide. A simpler estimate derived directly from the satellite AOD measurements is also shown to be in agreement with conventional estimates, suggesting that the method may, under certain meteorological conditions, be applied without the complication of using a chemical transport model. The new method is suitable for estimating emissions from distinct large fire episodes and although it has some significant uncertainties, these are largely independent of the uncertainties inherent in conventional techniques. Thus we conclude that the new method is a useful additional tool for characterising emissions from vegetation fires.

Correlation analysis between regional carbon monoxide and black carbon from satellite measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungbin Mok ◽  
Sang Seo Park ◽  
Hyunkwang Lim ◽  
Jhoon Kim ◽  
David P. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Satellite Measurements

scholarly journals Probing into the aging dynamics of biomass burning aerosol by using satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth and carbon monoxide

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor B. Konovalov ◽  
Matthias Beekmann ◽  
Evgeny V. Berezin ◽  
Paola Formenti ◽  
Meinrat O. Andreae
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Aerosol Dynamics ◽  
Aerosol Aging

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosol released into the atmosphere from open biomass burning (BB) is known to undergo considerable chemical and physical transformations (aging). However, there exists substantial controversy about the nature and observable effects of these transformations. A shortage of consistent observational evidence on BB aerosol aging processes in different environmental conditions and at various temporal scales hinders developing their adequate representations in chemistry transport models (CTMs). In this study, we obtain insights into the BB aerosol dynamics by using available satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and carbon monoxide (CO). The basic concept of our method is to consider AOD as a function of the BB aerosol "photochemical age" (that is, the time period characterizing the exposure of BB aerosol emissions to atmospheric oxidation reactions) predicted by means of model tracers. We evaluate the AOD enhancement ratio (ER) defined as the ratio of optical depth of actual BB aerosol with respect to that of a modeled aerosol tracer that is assumed to originate from the same fires as the real BB aerosol but is not affected by any aging processes. To limit possible effects of model transport errors, the AOD measurements are normalized to CO column amounts that are also retrieved from satellite measurements. The method is applied to the analysis of the meso- and synoptic-scale evolution of aerosol in smoke plumes from major wildfires that occurred in Siberia in summer 2012. AOD and CO retrievals from, respectively, MODIS and IASI measurements are used in combination with simulations performed with the CHIMERE CTM. The analysis indicates that aging processes strongly affected the evolution of BB aerosol in the situation considered, especially in dense plumes (with PM2.5 concentration exceeding 100 μg m−3). For such plumes, the ER is found to increase almost twofold on the scale of ~ 10 hours of the daytime evolution of aerosol (after a few first hours of the evolution that are not resolved in our analysis). The robustness of this finding is corroborated by sensitivity tests and Monte Carlo experiments. Furthermore, a simulation using the volatility basis set framework suggests that a large part of the increase in the ER can be explained by atmospheric processing of semi-volatile organic compounds. Our results are consistent with findings of a number of earlier studies reporting considerable underestimation of AOD by CTMs in which BB aerosol aging processes have either been disregarded or simulated in a highly simplified way. In general, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using satellite measurements of AOD in biomass burning plumes in combination with aerosol tracer simulations for the investigation of BB aerosol evolution and validation of BB aerosol aging schemes in atmospheric models.

scholarly journals Validation of IASI FORLI carbon monoxide retrievals using FTIR data from NDACC

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2751-2761 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kerzenmacher ◽  
B. Dils ◽  
N. Kumps ◽  
T. Blumenstock ◽  
C. Clerbaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. Carbon monoxide (CO) is retrieved daily and globally from space-borne IASI radiance spectra using the Fast Optimal Retrievals on Layers for IASI (FORLI) software developed at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). The IASI CO total column product for 2008 from the most recent FORLI retrieval version (20100815) is evaluated using correlative CO profile products retrieved from ground-based solar absorption Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) observations at the following FTIR spectrometer sites from the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): Ny-Ålesund, Kiruna, Bremen, Jungfraujoch, Izaña and Wollongong. In order to have good statistics for the comparisons, we included all IASI data from the same day, within a 100 km radius around the ground-based stations. The individual ground-based data were adjusted to the lowest altitude of the co-located IASI CO profiles. To account for the different vertical resolutions and sensitivities of the ground-based and satellite measurements, the averaging kernels associated with the various retrieved products have been used to properly smooth coincident data products. It has been found that the IASI CO total column products compare well on average with the co-located ground-based FTIR total columns at the selected NDACC sites and that there is no significant bias for the mean values at all stations.

scholarly journals Probing into the aging dynamics of biomass burning aerosol by using satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth and carbon monoxide

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 4513-4537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor B. Konovalov ◽  
Matthias Beekmann ◽  
Evgeny V. Berezin ◽  
Paola Formenti ◽  
Meinrat O. Andreae
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Spatial Average ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Aerosol Aging

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosol released into the atmosphere from open biomass burning (BB) is known to undergo considerable chemical and physical transformations (aging). However, there is substantial controversy about the nature and observable effects of these transformations. A shortage of consistent observational evidence on BB aerosol aging processes under different environmental conditions and at various temporal scales hinders development of their adequate representations in chemistry transport models (CTMs). In this study, we obtain insights into the BB aerosol dynamics by using available satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and carbon monoxide (CO). The basic concept of our method is to consider AOD as a function of the BB aerosol photochemical age (that is, the time period characterizing the exposure of BB aerosol emissions to atmospheric oxidation reactions) predicted by means of model tracers. We evaluate the AOD enhancement ratio (ER) defined as the ratio of optical depth of actual BB aerosol with respect to that of a modeled aerosol tracer that is assumed to originate from the same fires as the real BB aerosol but that is not affected by any aging processes. To limit possible effects of model transport errors, the AOD measurements are normalized to CO column amounts that are also retrieved from satellite measurements. The method is applied to the analysis of the meso- and synoptic-scale evolution of aerosol in smoke plumes from major wildfires that occurred in Siberia in summer 2012. AOD and CO retrievals from MODIS and IASI measurements, respectively, are used in combination with simulations performed with the CHIMERE CTM. The analysis indicates that aging processes strongly affected the evolution of BB aerosol in the situation considered, especially in dense plumes (with spatial average PM2. 5 concentration exceeding 100 µg m−3). For such plumes, the ER is found to increase almost 2-fold on the scale of ∼ 10 h of daytime aerosol evolution (after a few first hours of the evolution that are not resolved in our analysis). The robustness of this finding is corroborated by sensitivity tests and Monte Carlo experiments. Furthermore, a simulation using the volatility basis set framework suggests that a large part of the increase in the ER can be explained by atmospheric processing of semi-volatile organic compounds. Our results are consistent with findings of a number of earlier studies reporting considerable underestimation of AOD by CTMs in which BB aerosol aging processes have either been disregarded or simulated in a highly simplified way. In general, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using satellite measurements of AOD in biomass burning plumes in combination with aerosol tracer simulations for the investigation of BB aerosol evolution and validation of BB aerosol aging schemes in atmospheric models.

scholarly journals Validation of IASI FORLI carbon monoxide retrievals using FTIR data from NDACC

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 3973-4002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kerzenmacher ◽  
B. Dils ◽  
N. Kumps ◽  
T. Blumenstock ◽  
C. Clerbaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. Carbon monoxide (CO) is retrieved daily and globally from space-borne IASI radiance spectra using the Fast Optimal Retrievals on Layers for IASI (FORLI) software developed at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). The IASI CO total column product for 2008 from the most recent FORLI retrieval version (20100815) is evaluated using correlative CO profile products retrieved from ground-based solar absorption Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) observations at the following FTIR spectrometer sites from the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): Ny Ålesund, Kiruna, Bremen, Jungfraujoch, Izaña and Wollongong. In order to have good statistics for the comparisons, we included all IASI data from the same day, within a 100 km radius around the ground-based stations. The individual ground-based data were adjusted to the lowest altitude of the co-located IASI CO profiles. To account for the different vertical resolutions and sensitivities of the ground-based and satellite measurements, the averaging kernels associated with the various retrieved products have been used to properly smooth coincident data products. It has been found that the IASI CO total column products compare well on average with the co-located ground-based FTIR total columns at the selected NDACC sites and that there is no significant bias for the mean values at all stations.

scholarly journals Observed vertical distribution of tropospheric carbon monoxide during 2012 over Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Ibtihaj Abdulfattah ◽  
Ali Al-Salihi ◽  
Hwee Lim ◽  
Jasim Rajab ◽  
Aha Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Atmospheric Infrared Sounder ◽  
Aqua Satellite ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Correlation Coeffi

The atmospheric parameters observations enable to made continental and global scales by remote sensing devices existent in space. One of these instruments is the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) onboard Aqua satellite. We characterize the vertical distribution of troposphere carbon monoxide (CO) measured by AIRS over IRAQ. This study presents one year data. Results shown standard deviation of monthly troposphere CO for five locations: Baghdad, Basrah, Maysan, Al Fakka, and Mosul, from January to December 2012, was 107.15 ±18.75 ppbv for entire period depend on whether circumstance and topography. The seasonal differences undulate between winter and summer seasons, with higher values CO in the winter than in the summer and autumn seasons. In addition, the rising in troposphere CO values can be measured during year over the manufacturing and crowded urbanized zones. AIRS observations reveal enhanced abundances of CO, with values that can exceed 120 ppbv at approximately 4 km altitude over Baghdad and Mosul. The lower CO amounts observed of approximately 88–90 ppbv at 253 mb (altitude 11 km) during October. Comparisons over Baghdad station in 2012 showed close agreement between the ground CO data and the observed CO from AIRS, and regression result showed high correlation coeffi cient (R = 0.962). The vertical CO observation by AIRS is providing meaningful information for different altitude layers closer to the troposphere, and the satellite measurements are able to measure the increase of the atmosphere CO concentrations over varied regions.

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