scholarly journals Identifying best practices in short‐term eruption forecasting

Eos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
John Eichelberger ◽  
Warner Marzocchi ◽  
Paolo Papale
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Eruption Forecasting

Identification of Current Best Practices for Short-term Medical Mission Trips and Adherence to Current Common Principles and Guidelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Susan Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Operational Practices ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Background:  Recent reviews of published guidelines for conducting short-term medical missions (STMM) identify significant concerns about the lack of adherence and of formal regulations concurrent with the increasing number of individuals and organizations participating in STMM. Method: A descriptive survey methodology was used. A 44-item survey that identifies current practices utilized by healthcare providers (HCP) who have participated in STMM was used based on the literature and prior research, and distributed electronically to HCP participating in STTM to identify current best practices and compare findings with the most recent recommendations for short-term global health activities. A focus on current operational practices was surveyed and analyzed to develop operational recommendations for the ethical and safe care provided during STMM. Results: Eighty-seven surveys were included in the final analysis, with 33% (N=29) serving as coordinators for the trip. The majority of the respondents were female (67%) and the primary roles represented were: MD (N=17; 20%), nurse practitioner (N=20; 23%), and registered nurse (N=18; 21%). A majority (N=48; 67%) traveled to South America or Latin America, with 38% (N=33) having participated in four or more STMM. Language proficiency was reported as deficient (N=35; 40%) along with little or no knowledge of the basic culture (N=39; 45%). Additional data were collected on trip preparation, clinic operations, and outcomes follow up. Conclusions: Using a convenience sample, the results of the survey provide information on the current best practices utilized by HCP who have participated in STMM and compare the findings to assess for adherence with the most recent recommendations for short-term global health activities. There was variation in the degree to which HCP were knowledgeable about specific aspects related to knowledge of local culture, language proficiency, and adherence to recommended practices for STMM. Additional research on STMM is needed, along with further exploration of how evidence based practices for STMM can be implemented to improve access and safety to the care provided while in the host country.

What money can’t buy: an argument against paying people to get vaccinated

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2021-107235
Author(s):  
Nancy S Jecker
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Healthy Communities ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Better Than

This paper considers the proposal to pay people to get vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The first section introduces arguments against the proposal, including less intrusive alternatives, unequal effects on populations and economic conditions that render payment more difficult to refuse. The second section considers arguments favouring payment, including arguments appealing to health equity, consistency, being worth the cost, respect for autonomy, good citizenship, the ends justifying the means and the threat of mutant strains. The third section spotlights long-term and short-term best practices that can build trust and reduce ‘vaccine hesitancy’ better than payment. The paper concludes that people who, for a variety of reasons, are reluctant to vaccinate should be treated like adults, not children. Despite the urgency of getting shots into arms, we should set our sights on the long-term goals of strong relationships and healthy communities.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the Role of Short-Term Volunteerism in International Development: Views from Volunteers, Local Hosts, and Community Members

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethina Loiseau ◽  
Rebekah Sibbald ◽  
Salem A. Raman ◽  
Benedict Darren ◽  
Lawrence C. Loh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
International Development ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
International Volunteers ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Related Development

Background.Short-term international volunteer trips traditionally involve volunteers from high-income countries travelling to low- and middle-income countries to assist in service-related development activities. Their duration typically ranges from 7 to 90 days. The city of La Romana, Dominican Republic, receives hundreds of short-term international volunteers annually. They participate in activities aimed at improving conditions faced by a marginalized ethnic-Haitian community living inbateyes. Methods.This qualitative analysis examined perceptions of short-term international volunteerism, held by three key stakeholder groups in La Romana: local hosts, international volunteers, and community members. Responses from semistructured interviews were recorded and analysed by thematic analysis.Results.Themes from the 3 groups were broadly categorized into general perceptions of short-term volunteerism and proposed best practices. These were further subdivided into perceptions of value, harms, and motivations associated with volunteer teams for the former and best practices around volunteer composition and selection, partnership, and skill sets and predeparture training for the latter.Conclusion.Notable challenges were associated with short-term volunteering, including an overemphasis on the material benefits from volunteer groups expressed by community member respondents; misalignment of the desired and actual skill sets of volunteers; duplicate and uncoordinated volunteer efforts; and the perpetuation of stereotypes suggesting that international volunteers possess superior knowledge or skills. Addressing these challenges is critical to optimizing the conduct of short-term volunteerism.

Short-Term Study Trips in the Americas: Pedagogy and Logistical Best Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-311
Author(s):  
Benjamin Blevins ◽  
Guadalupe C. Ramírez ◽  
Jonathan B. Wight
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study

Best Practices in Responsible Land Use for Improving Biodiversity at a Utility-Scale Solar Facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parikhit Sinha ◽  
Beth Hoffman ◽  
John Sakers ◽  
LynneDee Althouse
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Short Term ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Facility Construction ◽  
Utility Scale

Development of a utility-scale solar photovoltaic project involves management of various potential environmental impacts, including impacts on wildlife and habitat. Although solar facility construction activities do involve short-term disturbance, responsibly developed solar power plants can provide shelter, protection, and stable use of land to support biodiversity. Land use practices and their relationship to biodiversity are examined at one of the world’s largest solar facilities, the 550 MW Topaz Solar Farms project in San Luis Obispo County, CA, USA. Pre- and postconstruction biological monitoring data indicate similar to higher vegetation productivity on-site compared to reference sites. Postconstruction monitoring has documented the presence of dozens of wildlife species, including several with special conservation status. Best practices in responsible land use utilized in the Topaz project are specified in the categories of community, biology, water, design and construction, and end of life. These practices, as well as future solar project development innovations that reduce ground disturbance, can be applied to enhance biodiversity at other solar facilities.

scholarly journals The need for contextual, place-based food policies: Lessons from Northwestern Ontario

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Nelson ◽  
Charles Z. Levkoe ◽  
Rachel Kakegamic
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Core ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Food Policies

In recent years, several reports have highlighted the need for a national food policy that takes a comprehensive approach to addressing food systems (CAC, 2014; Levkoe & Sheedy, 2017; Martorell, 2017; UNGA, 2012). These findings suggest that, at the core, resilient food systems must be built on interconnected knowledge and experience that emerge from place-based interrelationships between human and ecological systems. Drawing on these important learnings, this commentary voices our hopes and concerns around the recent efforts of the Canadian Government to develop a food policy for Canada. While we commend the Government’s desire to “set a long-term vision for the health, environmental, social, and economic goals related to food, while identifying actions we can take in the short-term”, we caution any tendency to develop “best practices” that assume a universal, or “one-size fits all” approach to food policy development. We argue that Canada requires a set of contextual, place-based food policies that emerge from the grassroots, address local needs and desires, and build on the strengths and assets of communities.

Ethical Concerns in Voluntourism in Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Hickey ◽  
Monica McKenna ◽  
Celeste Woods ◽  
Carmen Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Cultural Safety ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Volunteer Tourism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Language Pathology

There is growing interest in short-term volunteering (i.e., volunteer tourism) to contribute to the development of speech-language pathology (SLP) and audiology (AUD) in global contexts. While this is exciting, professionals and students must be properly prepared for such trips to ensure cultural safety and avoid potential ethical concerns and pitfalls of neo-colonialist perspectives in working in resource-poor contexts. There is a burgeoning literature on volunteer tourism and medical tourism that can be used to assist us in planning and preparing for such work. Some examples from the first author's experiences in Malawi, Tanzania, and Kenya are used to illustrate some of the ethical concerns in SLPs' and AUDs' voluntourism. This article suggests that we attend to the motivations of volunteers, conduct training to ensure culturally safe and sustainable practices, and assist volunteers in coping with culture shock and re-entry shock. Research is needed to understand best practices in assessment and treatment in global contexts and best practices in pre- and post-trip training for SLP/AUD volunteers and students.

Learning from Video Games (and Everything Else)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Gentile ◽  
J. Ronald Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Transfer Of Learning ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Applied Social Psychology ◽  
General Learning Model

Video games can have many effects on players, some of which could be intentional effects (e.g., games designed to train health compliance behaviors), and most of which are unintentional (e.g., violent games, stereotypes, gaming disorder). Some of these areas of research have been seen as controversial, but many of the controversies can be at least partially resolved by considering the learning mechanisms underlying the effects. We describe the General Learning Model in greater detail than has been provided elsewhere, including short-term and long-term mechanisms, processes of learning and forgetting, and moderators of learning. Video games use many of the best practices to train for both mastery and for transfer of learning. The implications for re-interpreting the literature on violent video games and gaming disorder, as well as for applied social psychology broadly defined, are discussed.

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