Knowledge of the total magnetization direction of geologic sources is valuable for interpretation of magnetic anomalies. Although the magnetization direction of causative sources is assumed to be induced by the ambient magnetic field, the presence of remanence should not be neglected. An existing method of correlating total and vertical gradients of the reduced-to-the-pole (RTP) anomaly estimates the total magnetization direction well. However, due to the numerical instability of RTP transformation in the Fourier domain, an assumption should be considered for dealing with inclination values at approximately 0°. We have adopted an extension to the standard crosscorrelation method for estimating the total magnetization direction vector, computing the RTP anomaly by means of the classic equivalent layer technique for low inclination values. Additionally, an ideal number of equivalent sources within the layer is considered for reducing the computational demands. To investigate the relevant aspects of the adopted method, two simple synthetic scenarios are presented. First, a magnetic anomaly produced by a homogeneous and isolated vertical dike is considered. This test illustrates the good performance of the adopted approach, finding the true magnetization direction, even for low inclination values. In the second synthetic test, a long-wavelength component is added to the previous magnetic total-field anomaly. In this case, the method adopted here fails to estimate a reliable magnetization direction vector, showing weak performance for strong interfering magnetic anomalies. On the real data example, the application tests an isolated total-field anomaly of the Carajás Mineral Province, in northern Brazil, where the inclination of the ambient magnetic field is close to zero. The obtained results indicate weak remanence in the estimated total magnetization direction vector, which would never be reached in the standard formulation of the crosscorrelation technique.
Downward Continuation and Transformation of Total‐Field Magnetic Anomalies Into Magnetic Gradient Tensors Between Arbitrary Surfaces Using Multilayer Equivalent Sources
