Nitrate reductase expression in maize leaves (Zea mays) during dark-light transitions. Complex effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors on enzyme activity, protein synthesis and transcript levels

1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret G. Redinbaugh ◽  
Steven C. Huber ◽  
Joan L. Huber ◽  
Keith W. Hendrix ◽  
Wilbur H. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Dark Light ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Phosphatase Inhibitors ◽  
Maize Leaves ◽  
Protein Phosphatase Inhibitors

Effects of Serine/Threonine Protein Phosphatases on Ion Channels in Excitable Membranes

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Herzig ◽  
Joachim Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regulatory Subunits ◽  
Phosphatase Inhibitors ◽  
Protein Phosphatase Inhibitors

This review deals with the influence of serine/threonine-specific protein phosphatases on the function of ion channels in the plasma membrane of excitable tissues. Particular focus is given to developments of the past decade. Most of the electrophysiological experiments have been performed with protein phosphatase inhibitors. Therefore, a synopsis is required incorporating issues from biochemistry, pharmacology, and electrophysiology. First, we summarize the structural and biochemical properties of protein phosphatase (types 1, 2A, 2B, 2C, and 3–7) catalytic subunits and their regulatory subunits. Then the available pharmacological tools (protein inhibitors, nonprotein inhibitors, and activators) are introduced. The use of these inhibitors is discussed based on their biochemical selectivity and a number of methodological caveats. The next section reviews the effects of these tools on various classes of ion channels (i.e., voltage-gated Ca2+ and Na+ channels, various K+ channels, ligand-gated channels, and anion channels). We delineate in which cases a direct interaction between a protein phosphatase and a given channel has been proven and where a more complex regulation is likely involved. Finally, we present ideas for future research and possible pathophysiological implications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document