Fluoride inhibits root water transport and affects leaf expansion and gas exchange in aspen (Populus tremuloides ) seedlings

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Kamaluddin ◽  
Janusz J. Zwiazek
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Leaf Expansion

scholarly journals Ethylene enhances root water transport and aquaporin expression in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) exposed to root hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangfeng Tan ◽  
Mengmeng Liu ◽  
Ning Du ◽  
Janusz J. Zwiazek
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Root Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Root Hypoxia ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

Abstract Background Root hypoxia has detrimental effects on physiological processes and growth in most plants. The effects of hypoxia can be partly alleviated by ethylene. However, the tolerance mechanisms contributing to the ethylene-mediated hypoxia tolerance in plants remain poorly understood. Results In this study, we examined the effects of root hypoxia and exogenous ethylene treatments on leaf gas exchange, root hydraulic conductance, and the expression levels of several aquaporins of the plasma membrane intrinsic protein group (PIP) in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings. Ethylene enhanced net photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and root hydraulic conductance in hypoxic plants. Of the two subgroups of PIPs (PIP1 and PIP2), the protein abundance of PIP2s and the transcript abundance of PIP2;4 and PIP2;5 were higher in ethylene-treated trembling aspen roots compared with non-treated roots under hypoxia. The increases in the expression levels of these aquaporins could potentially facilitate root water transport. The enhanced root water transport by ethylene was likely responsible for the increase in leaf gas exchange of the hypoxic plants. Conclusions Exogenous ethylene enhanced root water transport and the expression levels of PIP2;4 and PIP2;5 in hypoxic roots of trembling aspen. The results suggest that ethylene facilitates the aquaporin-mediated water transport in plants exposed to root hypoxia.

Water transport from stem to stomata: the coordination of hydraulic and gas exchange traits across 33 subtropical woody species

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1665-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Liu ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Sean M Gleason ◽  
Guillermo Goldstein ◽  
Shidan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Leaf Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Net Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Abstract Coordination between sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and stomatal conductance (gs) has been identified in previous studies; however, coordination between leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) and gs, as well as between Kleaf and Ks is not always consistent. This suggests that there is a need to improve our understanding of the coordination among hydraulic and gas exchange traits. In this study, hydraulic traits (e.g., Ks and Kleaf) and gas exchange traits, including gs, transpiration (E) and net CO2 assimilation (Aarea), were measured across 33 co-occurring subtropical woody species. Kleaf was divided into two components: leaf hydraulic conductance inside the xylem (Kleaf-x) and outside the xylem (Kleaf-ox). We found that both Kleaf-x and Kleaf-ox were coordinated with gs and E, but the correlations between Kleaf-ox and gs (or E) were substantially weaker, and that Ks was coordinated with Kleaf-x, but not with Kleaf-ox. In addition, we found that Ks, Kleaf-x and Kleaf-ox together explained 63% of the variation in gs and 42% of the variation in Aarea across species, with Ks contributing the largest proportion of explanatory power, whereas Kleaf-ox contributed the least explanatory power. Our results demonstrate that the coordination between leaf water transport and gas exchange, as well as the hydraulic linkage between leaf and stem, were weakened by Kleaf-ox. This highlights the possibility that water transport efficiencies of stem and leaf xylem, rather than that of leaf tissues outside the xylem, are important determinants of stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity across species.

scholarly journals Investigation of gas exchange and biometric parameters in isogenic lines of poplar differing in ploidy

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Atanet Alía ◽  
Dietmar Lüttschwager ◽  
Dietrich Ewald
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract Three poplar clones of section Populus (Brauna 11 [Populus tremula], L447 [Populus canescens] and Esch 5 [Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides]) were used to analyse the effects of ploidy levels on primary productivity and water use efficiency. The clones were established in tissue culture (2N) and lines with different ploidy levels (2N/4N and 4N) were generated via colchicine treatment. Light response curves were modelled based on gas exchange measurements carried out three times during the growing season on the 1st fully developed leaf under controlled conditions. The plants were harvested in September to analyse biometric parameters. The photosynthetic capacity was greatest in May, decreased throughout the season and increased slightly again in September. The decrease in Brauna 11 and Esch 5 varied from 20-50% compared with values in May and it was not as pronounced in L 447. Photosynthesis and intrinsic water use efficiency differed between clones, but not among the single isogenic lines within each clone. The seasons in which the experiments were conducted influenced the rankings of the 9 variants in physiological measurements, but these rankings were not uniform during the growing period. Differences in biometric parameters were detected between the clones and variants, e.g.; leaf masses were greater in all of the polyploid variants and lowest in the diploid variants. All of the L 447 lines showed the highest wood densities, which were higher in the mixoploid and lower in the tetraploid variants within each clone. A compact wood structure could prevent damage to the water-conducting system under drought stress.

An Exploration of the Carbon Economy of the Tobacco Plant. II. Patterns of Leaf Growth and Dry Matter Partitioning

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hackett ◽  
HM Rawson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tobacco Plant ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Carbon Economy

As a sequel to calculations made in Part I about the carbon economy of the tobacco plant, a short-day variety of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Mammoth 17L) was grown at controlled temperatures in two contrasting photoperiods (13 and 9 h) and the growth and gas exchange of the plants were determined as frequently as possible during the period 30–100 days from sowing. This paper describes aspects of the leaf emergence, leaf expansion, floral development, and dry matter partitioning in these plants. Part III will present the gas-exchange data. The most striking finding from the growth data concerned leaf expansion. The application of curve-fitting techniques showed that the expansion of each leaf studied could be accurately described by the Gompertz growth function, which implied that the maximum absolute rate of expansion had been achieved quite early in the leaf's development, at about 37% of full expansion. Furthermore, in all but the juvenile leaves, the time-spread of expansion was similar, despite up to 10-fold differences in the final area of the leaves due to photoperiod and position on the stem. Other relationships observed in the data seemed of fundamental interest. Attention is drawn (1) to the smooth progression in final leaf size with progress up the stem, and (2) to the changes with time in the ratio of the relative growth rates of the major plant parts, but whether these relationships, and those between leaf expansion and time, are typical of tobacco will remain uncertain until comparable studies are performed. * Part I, Aust. J. Biol. Sci., 1973, 26, 1057–71.

scholarly journals A 3-D functional–structural grapevine model that couples the dynamics of water transport with leaf gas exchange

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqi Zhu ◽  
Zhanwu Dai ◽  
Philippe Vivin ◽  
Gregory A Gambetta ◽  
Michael Henke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document