Expression of the vascular endothelial growth factors B and C and their receptors in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Möller ◽  
Bo Lindblom ◽  
Matts Olovsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Human Endometrium ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factors

scholarly journals Proteolytic Cleavages in the VEGF Family: Generating Diversity among Angiogenic VEGFs, Essential for the Activation of Lymphangiogenic VEGFs

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Jaana Künnapuu ◽  
Honey Bokharaie ◽  
Michael Jeltsch
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Turn On ◽  
C And N ◽  
Proteolytic Cleavages ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factors

Specific proteolytic cleavages turn on, modify, or turn off the activity of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Proteolysis is most prominent among the lymph­angiogenic VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which are synthesized as precursors that need to undergo enzymatic removal of their C- and N-terminal propeptides before they can activate their receptors. At least five different proteases mediate the activating cleavage of VEGF-C: plasmin, ADAMTS3, prostate-specific antigen, cathepsin D, and thrombin. All of these proteases except for ADAMTS3 can also activate VEGF-D. Processing by different proteases results in distinct forms of the “mature” growth factors, which differ in affinity and receptor activation potential. The “default” VEGF-C-activating enzyme ADAMTS3 does not activate VEGF-D, and therefore, VEGF-C and VEGF-D do function in different contexts. VEGF-C itself is also regulated in different contexts by distinct proteases. During embryonic development, ADAMTS3 activates VEGF-C. The other activating proteases are likely important for non-developmental lymphangiogenesis during, e.g., tissue regeneration, inflammation, immune response, and pathological tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis. The better we understand these events at the molecular level, the greater our chances of developing successful therapies targeting VEGF-C and VEGF-D for diseases involving the lymphatics such as lymphedema or cancer.

scholarly journals Study of Microvessel Density and the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytomas

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Białas ◽  
Grzegorz Dyduch ◽  
Joanna Dudała ◽  
Monika Bereza-Buziak ◽  
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Antiangiogenic Therapy ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Operation Technique ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Architecture ◽  
Laparoscopic Operation ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factors

Angiogenesis (neoangiogenesis), a process of neovascularization, is an essential step for local tumor growth and distant metastasis formation. We have analysed angiogenesis status: vascular architecture, microvessel density, and vascular endothelial growth factors expression in 62 adrenal pheochromocytomas: 57 benign and 5 malignant. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed that vascular architecture and vessel density are different in the central and subcapsular areas of the tumor. Furthermore, we have observed a strong correlation between number of macrophages and microvessel density in the central and subcapsular areas of the tumor and between the expression of VEGF-A in tumor cells and microvessel density in central and subcapsular areas of the tumor. Secondary changes in these tumors influence the results and both vascular architecture and microvessel density are markedly disturbed by hemorrhagic and cystic changes in pheochromocytomas. These changes are partially caused by laparoscopic operation technique. However, no differences in vascular parameters were found between pheochromocytomas with benign and malignant clinical behavior. Our observation showed that analysis of angiogenesis, as a single feature, does not help in differentiating malignant and benign pheochromocytomas and has no independent prognostic significance. On the other hand, high microvessel density in pheochromocytoma is a promising factor for antiangiogenic therapy in malignant cases.

scholarly journals An observational study of plasma vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) A and D expression in non-localized prostate cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon P. Verdoorn ◽  
Changyong Feng ◽  
William A. Ricke ◽  
Deepak M. Sahasrabudhe ◽  
Deepak Kilari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Localized Prostate Cancer ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factors

scholarly journals Vascular endothelial growth factors C and D and lymphangiogenesis in gastrointestinal tract malignancy

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Duff ◽  
C Li ◽  
M Jeziorska ◽  
S Kumar ◽  
M P Saunders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factors

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors and Angiopoietins As New Players in Mastocytosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Marcella ◽  
Angelica Petraroli ◽  
Mariantonia Braile ◽  
Roberta Parente ◽  
Anne Lise Ferrara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Systemic Mastocytosis ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Kit Receptor ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factors ◽  
Kit D816v

Abstract Mastocytosis is a disorder characterized by the abnormal proliferation and/or accumulation of mast cells in different organs. More than 90% of patients with systemic mastocytosis have a gain-of-function mutation in codon 816 of the KIT receptor on mast cells (MCs). The symptoms of mastocytosis patients are related to the MC-derived mediators that exert local and distant effects. MCs produce angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and angiopoietins (ANGPTs). Serum concentrations of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, ANGPT1 and ANGPT2 were determined in 64 mastocytosis patients and 64 healthy controls. Intracellular concentrations and spontaneous release of these mediators were evaluated in the mast cell lines ROSAKIT WT and ROSA KIT D816V and in human lung mast cells (HLMCs). VEGF-A, ANGPT1, ANGPT2 and VEGF-C concentrations were higher in mastocytosis patients compared to controls. The VEGF-A, ANGPT2 and VEGF-C concentrations were correlated with the symptom severity. ANGPT1 concentrations were increased in all patients compared to controls. ANGPT2 levels were correlated with severity of clinical variants and with tryptase levels. VEGF-A, ANGPT1 and VEGF-C did not differ between indolent and advanced mastocytosis. ROSAKIT WT, ROSAKIT D816V and HLMCs contained and spontaneously released VEGFs and ANGPTs. Serum concentrations of VEGFs and ANGPTs are altered in mastocytosis patients.

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