Social stereotypes and information-processing strategies: The impact of task complexity.

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galen V. Bodenhausen ◽  
Meryl Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The stability flexibility tradeoff and the dark side of detail

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Nassar ◽  
Vanessa Troiani
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Flexibility ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Attention To Detail

AbstractLearning in dynamic environments requires integrating over stable fluctuations to minimize the impact of noise (stability) but rapidly responding in the face of fundamental changes (flexibility). Achieving one of these goals often requires sacrificing the other to some degree, producing a stability-flexibility tradeoff. Individuals navigate this tradeoff in different ways, with some people learning rapidly (emphasizing flexibility) and others relying more heavily on historical information (emphasizing stability). Despite the prominence of such individual differences in learning tasks, the degree to which they relate to broader characteristics of real-world behavior or pathologies has not been well explored. Here we relate individual differences in learning behavior to self-report measures thought to collectively capture characteristics of the Autism spectrum. We show that that young adults who learn most slowly tend to integrate more effective samples into their beliefs about the world making them more robust to noise (more stability), but are more likely to integrate information from previous contexts (less flexibility). We show that individuals who report paying more attention to detail tend to use high flexibility and low stability information processing strategies. We demonstrate the robustness of this inverse relationship between attention to detail and formation of stable beliefs in a heterogeneous population of children that includes a high proportion of Autism diagnoses. Together, our results highlight that attention to detail reflects an information processing policy that comes with a substantial downside, namely the ability to integrate data to overcome environmental noise.

The Impact of Traditional and Nontraditional Media Forms in the 1992 Presidential Election

1996 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack M. McLeod ◽  
Zhongshi Guo ◽  
Katie Daily ◽  
Catherine A. Steele ◽  
Huiping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Data collected from two surveys in 1992, one cross-sectional and one two-wave panel, are used to examine the predictive patterns of traditional and nontraditional media forms on people's campaign interest, campaign information processing strategies, campaign participation, knowledge of candidates' issue positions, affect and image favorability toward candidates, perceived votes for candidates, and issue salience. Applying three incremental levels of controls, nontraditional media were found to have the strongest impact on labile characteristics (e.g., campaign interest) and weakest impact on criteria more difficult to alter, such as knowledge of candidates' issue positions. Traditional media forms continue to have a potent influence greater than that of nontraditional media forms on the campaign.

scholarly journals QOL-40. THE IMPACT OF TASK COMPLEXITY ON INFORMATION PROCESSING SPEED AND NEURAL COMMUNICATION IN PAEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOUR SURVIVORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii438-iii438
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cox ◽  
Juanita Atton ◽  
Julie Tseng ◽  
Sonya Bells ◽  
Cynthia de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Neural Communication ◽  
Paediatric Brain Tumour ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Paediatric brain tumour survivors (PBTS) experience slower information processing speed (IPS) that contributes to difficulty performing tasks of minimal (MC) and greater complexity (GC), and is related to aberrant neural communication. It is still unknown whether deficient IPS exists during increasing complexity. We aim to determine if PBTS experience deficient IPS and neural communication relative to typically developing children (TDC) during an increasingly complex visual-motor reaction time (RT) task. During magnetoencephalography recording, participants (n=58, 12.69 ±3.24 years) pressed a button with their left or right thumb after an arrow pointing in the corresponding direction appeared on a screen. During two MC conditions, the arrow pointed in a single direction. During a GC condition, the arrow alternated direction randomly. Mean RT >3SD and signal artifacts were removed prior to analyses. The phase lag index (PLI) estimated neural communication between 90 cortical sources. Linear regression and Network Based Statistics assessed group differences in mean RT and the PLI. PBTS demonstrated increased RT relative to TDC during the GC condition (p=0.04, MPBTS=354.00s, MTDC=326.00s). Group differences in mean RT during MC conditions and the PLI during all conditions were not detected (p>0.05). These results suggest PBTS experience slower IPS during GC. Reduced IPS is thought to contribute to difficulty recruiting cognitive resources needed to perform more complex tasks. Subtle deficits in neural communication may underlie slower IPS. The weighted PLI is superior to the PLI when estimating small differences in neural communication. We will now use the weighted PLI to assess task-related neural communication.

Information processing rates and task complexity.

1970 ◽  
Vol 83 (1, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Olshavsky ◽  
Lee W. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
And Task

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CIVIL PROCESS

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Alexandr Neznamov
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Civil Process ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
The Impact

Digital technologies are no longer the future but are the present of civil proceedings. That is why any research in this direction seems to be relevant. At the same time, some of the fundamental problems remain unattended by the scientific community. One of these problems is the problem of classification of digital technologies in civil proceedings. On the basis of instrumental and genetic approaches to the understanding of digital technologies, it is concluded that their most significant feature is the ability to mediate the interaction of participants in legal proceedings with information; their differentiating feature is the function performed by a particular technology in the interaction with information. On this basis, it is proposed to distinguish the following groups of digital technologies in civil proceedings: a) technologies of recording, storing and displaying (reproducing) information, b) technologies of transferring information, c) technologies of processing information. A brief description is given to each of the groups. Presented classification could serve as a basis for a more systematic discussion of the impact of digital technologies on the essence of civil proceedings. Particularly, it is pointed out that issues of recording, storing, reproducing and transferring information are traditionally more «technological» for civil process, while issues of information processing are more conceptual.

scholarly journals Moderators of the Liking Bias in Judgments of Moral Character

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110132
Author(s):  
Konrad Bocian ◽  
Wieslaw Baryla ◽  
Bogdan Wojciszke
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
The Impact

Previous research found evidence for a liking bias in moral character judgments because judgments of liked people are higher than those of disliked or neutral ones. This article sought conditions moderating this effect. In Study 1 ( N = 792), the impact of the liking bias on moral character judgments was strongly attenuated when participants were educated that attitudes bias moral judgments. In Study 2 ( N = 376), the influence of liking on moral character attributions was eliminated when participants were accountable for the justification of their moral judgments. Overall, these results suggest that although liking biases moral character attributions, this bias might be reduced or eliminated when deeper information processing is required to generate judgments of others’ moral character.

News and Idiosyncratic Volatility: The Public Information Processing Hypothesis*

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F Engle ◽  
Martin Klint Hansen ◽  
Ahmet K Karagozoglu ◽  
Asger Lunde
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Autoregressive Process ◽  
Return Volatility ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Financial News ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Motivated by the recent availability of extensive electronic news databases and advent of new empirical methods, there has been renewed interest in investigating the impact of financial news on market outcomes for individual stocks. We develop the information processing hypothesis of return volatility to investigate the relation between firm-specific news and volatility. We propose a novel dynamic econometric specification and test it using time series regressions employing a machine learning model selection procedure. Our empirical results are based on a comprehensive dataset comprised of more than 3 million news items for a sample of 28 large U.S. companies. Our proposed econometric specification for firm-specific return volatility is a simple mixture model with two components: public information and private processing of public information. The public information processing component is defined by the contemporaneous relation with public information and volatility, while the private processing of public information component is specified as a general autoregressive process corresponding to the sequential price discovery mechanism of investors as additional information, previously not publicly available, is generated and incorporated into prices. Our results show that changes in return volatility are related to public information arrival and that including indicators of public information arrival explains on average 26% (9–65%) of changes in firm-specific return volatility.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document