Neighborhood effects in reading aloud: New findings and new challenges for computational models.

We review the First International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation (ICMMA’15). The competition evaluated submitted solvers performance on four different computational tasks related to solving abstract argumentation frameworks. Each task evaluated solvers in ways that pushed the edge of existing performance by introducing new challenges. Despite being the first competition in this area, the high number of competitors entered, and differences in results, suggest that the competition will help shape the landscape of ongoing developments in argumentation theory solvers.

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Numerical simulation of the neighborhood effects on the wind loading over standard model-scale tall buildings

Revista Eletrônica em Gestão Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental ◽

10.5902/2236117062656 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. e2

Author(s):

Fernando Oliveira de Andrade ◽

Cristiano Maciel ◽

Roberto Carlos Moro Filho ◽

Marcelo Marques

Keyword(s):

Standard Model ◽

Neighborhood Effects ◽

Computational Models ◽

Stokes Equations ◽

Tall Buildings ◽

Numerical Results ◽

Wind Loading ◽

Navier Stokes ◽

Atmospheric Flow ◽

Model Scale

Numerical simulations of atmospheric flow were carried out in this study in order to evaluate the neighborhood effects on the wind loading over standard model-scale tall buildings. The computational models were developed by solving the steady-state Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS equations) with turbulence treated by a k-ε model. Two building positioning scenarios were simulated: scenario-1 consisted of the isolated configuration of a standard model-scale building and scenario-2 was composed of the standard building with a selected neighborhood. Both scenarios were analyzed for wind incidence angles of zero, 45, and 90 degrees. The numerical results were obtained in terms of pressure and force coefficients which allowed the determination of neighborhood factors. The simulations showed that the neighborhood influences the mean wind loading on the faces of the standard building, sometimes amplifying the load (in the case of incident winds at zero and 90 degrees), sometimes attenuating the acting forces (in the case of incident winds at zero and 45 degrees). The numerical results were compared with experimental data and showed similar orders of magnitude suggesting that the simulations correctly describe the physical behavior of the wind action.

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Foetal hydrops: new challenges

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckab120.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

Catarina Vareda ◽

Catarina Camacho ◽

Inês Cunha ◽

Cátia Lopes ◽

Raquel Pina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Congenital Abnormalities ◽

Chromosomal Anomalies ◽

Future Studies ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Macroscopic Finding ◽

New Findings ◽

Abnormal Accumulation ◽

New Challenges

Abstract Background Foetal Hydrops (FH) is an abnormal accumulation of fluid inside two or more serous cavities and may be linked with polyhydramnios and/or placental oedema. It has been correlated with several causes such foetal anaemia, chromosomal anomalies, congenital abnormalities, infections, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and maternal causes such as diabetes. Regardless the advances in diagnosis and therapy, the overall perinatal mortality rate remains high. Thereby, the main goal is to evaluate the autopsy findings including between 2010 and 2019. Methods 105 cases including perinatal and new-born autopsies with different gestation stages were studied, in order to understand the macroscopic and microscopic events that can elucidate FH. Results Macroscopically, a large number of foetuses demonstrated oedema effusions and intrauterine growth restriction. Regarding placenta, the most common macroscopic finding is oedema, such as described in the literature. Nodules and hemorrhagic areas are the new findings observed. Oedema remains the most relevant microscopic finding, whereas unspecified villi alterations and trophoblast pseudoinclusions were the new findings. Conclusions The results allowed the identification of new characteristics that can contribute to the knowledge of this foetal condition that remains a challenge. Future studies need to focus on identifying strategies for diagnosis and treatment is critical for foetal hydrops.

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Computational Modeling of Reading Aloud: New Challenges

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e527312012-244 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Derek Besner ◽

Shannon O'Malley ◽

Serje Robidoux

Keyword(s):

Computational Modeling ◽

Reading Aloud ◽

New Challenges

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AoA effects in reading aloud and lexical decision: Locating the (semantic) locus in terms of the number of backward semantic associations

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1177/1747021820940302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (11) ◽

pp. 2036-2044

Author(s):

Michael J Cortese ◽

Sean Toppi ◽

Maya M Khanna ◽

Jonathan B Santo

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Word Processing ◽

Computational Models ◽

Reading Aloud ◽

Free Association ◽

Age Of Acquisition ◽

Semantic Associations ◽

Network Plasticity ◽

Analyse Data ◽

Subject Ratings

In the present study, we analyse data from the English Lexicon Project to assess the extent to which age of acquisition (AoA) effects on word processing stem from the number of semantic associations tied to a word. We show that the backward number of associates (bNoA; that is, the log transformed number of words that produce the target word in free association) is an important predictor of both lexical decision and reading aloud performance, and reduces the typical AoA effect as represented by subject ratings in both tasks. Although the AoA effect is reduced, it remains a significant predictor of performance above and beyond bNoA. We conclude that the semantic locus of AoA effects can be found in the number of backward connections to the word, and that the independent AoA effect is due to network plasticity. We discuss how computational models currently explain AoA effects, and how bNoA may affect their processing.

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