Child Avoidance of Anxiety-Provoking Situations in the Classroom and Teacher Accommodation

This study examined: (1) school-based avoidance among students with problematic anxiety, (2) teachers’ levels of accommodation of avoidant behaviour, and (3) the relation between teacher accommodation and student avoidance and anxiety. Participants included 31 elementary school students with problematic anxiety (mean age = 7.7 years; range 5–11; 58% female; 71% White) and their teachers (mean age = 41.1 years; 100% female; 100% White). Children completed interviews about their anxiety, and teachers reported on students’ avoided situations and completed a questionnaire about their own use of accommodation. Results indicated that the most commonly avoided situations involved individual and group academic performance (e.g., reading aloud in front of class). All teachers engaged in some form of accommodating behaviour more than one day a week (e.g., assisted a student in avoiding things that might make him/her more anxious), and teachers who reported engaging in more accommodating behaviours had students with higher avoidance and anxiety. Findings suggest that additional training and research on teachers’ behaviours that maintain and/or reduce anxiety via reducing accommodating behaviours appears warranted.

Language-switch costs from comprehension to production might just be task-switch costs

Spanish–English bilinguals switched between naming pictures in one language and either reading-aloud or semantically classifying written words in both languages. When switching between reading-aloud and picture-naming, bilinguals exhibited no language switch costs in picture-naming even though they produced overt language switches in speech. However, when switching between semantic classification and picture-naming, bilinguals, especially unbalanced bilinguals, exhibited switch costs in the dominant language and switch facilitation in the nondominant language even though they never switched languages overtly. These results reveal language switching across comprehension and production can be cost-free when the intention remains the same. Assuming switch costs at least partially reflect inhibition of the nontarget language, this implies such language control mechanisms are recruited only under demanding task conditions, especially for unbalanced bilinguals. These results provide striking demonstration of adaptive control mechanisms and call into question previous claims that language switch costs necessarily transfer from comprehension to production.

Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Treffinger Berbasis Reading Aloud Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Literasi Ilmiah Peserta Didik MTS Kelas VIII

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran Treffinger berbasis Reading Aloud terhadap kemampuan menulis literasi ilmiah peserta didik kelas VIII di MTs Negeri 4 Ponorogo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII C sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah 47 peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MTs Negeri 4 Ponorogo. Instrumen pengambilan data menggunakan soal tes berupa essay yang diberikan kepada peserta didik sebelum dan sesudah diterapkan model pembelajaran Treffinger berbasis Reading Aloud. Data dianalisis dengan uji-t menggunakan aplikasi Minitab. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai P-Value sebesar 0,000. Karena nilai P-Value kurang dari 0,05 maka H0 ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan menulis literasi ilmiah peserta didik yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Treffinger berbasis Reading Aloud dengan kemampuan menulis literasi ilmiah peserta didik yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional.

The effectiveness of using special applications in reading aloud in the Arabic language for second-grade students (WhatsApp as a model): فاعلية استخدام التطبيقات الذكية في تعليم القراءة الجهرية في اللغة العربية لطلبة الصف الثاني الأساسي (الواتس آب أنموذجا)

The current study aimed at detecting the effectiveness of using the applications. The basic study depends on the gender variable, and in order to achieve the schedule of study objectives, the educational strategy was based on the application of WhatsApp, and a test in the Arabic language, and the semi-experimental study was used, The study sample consisted of (69) male and female students, who were divided into two experimental and control groups, and the study found the effectiveness of using smart applications in teaching reading aloud in the Arabic language to second-grade students, and there were differences in the effectiveness of using smart applications in teaching reading and writing skills in The Arabic language for second-grade students is attributed to the variable of gender.

A study of parents reading aloud habits with research on reading aloud applied to research-based practices for promoting students’ intrinsic motivation to read

Read-alouds play an important role in young children’s literacy development. This study investigates how, and to what extent, Swedish parents of children aged 1–16 engage in reading aloud. Previous research on reading aloud is also applied to research-based practices for promoting students’ intrinsic motivation to read and discussed in the present study. The results show that 9 out of 10 parents read aloud to children aged 0-4 years while only 4 of 10 read aloud to children aged 10-12 years. Several content areas that overlap were found where research on children's own reading can be easily transferred to the area of reading aloud.

Visual Prosody Supports Reading Aloud Expressively

Type is not expressive enough. Even the youngest speakers are able to express a full range of emotions with their voice, while young readers read aloud monotonically as if to convey robotic boredom. We augmented type to convey expression similarly to our voices. Specifically, we wanted to convey in text words that are spoken louder, words that drawn out and spoken longer, and words that are spoken at a higher pitch. We then asked children to read sentences with these new kinds of type to see if children would read these with greater expression. We found that children would ignore the augmentation if they weren't explicitly told about it. But when children were told about the augmentation, they were able to read aloud with greater vocal inflection. This innovation holds great promise for helping both children and adults to read aloud with greater expression and fluency.

I Feel Less Blue When I Read With You: The Effect of Reading Aloud With a Child on Adult Readers’ Affect

This study examined the potential benefits of shared reading with a child on adult readers’ mood. In two experiments, young adults were randomly assigned to either read storybooks with a child or to read the same books aloud alone. In both experiments, readers experienced more positive emotions than those who read the story aloud alone. In Experiment 1, the level of interactivity between the reader and child also positively correlated with readers’ experience of positive emotions. In Experiment 2, participants who read with a child aligned their own book preferences with those of the child. Overall, participants preferred the longer and more complex storybook as it gave more opportunities for the reader and child to interact. These findings support the hypothesis that simple read-aloud experiences are not only positive for children, but have the potential to also positively impact the mood of adult readers who share books with a child.