scholarly journals Organizational climate and culture: Reflections on the history of the constructs in the Journal of Applied Psychology.

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schneider ◽  
Vicente González-Romá ◽  
Cheri Ostroff ◽  
Michael A. West
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
History Of

Hugo M?nsterberg: A study in the history of applied psychology.

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 824-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merle J. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Applied Psychology ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Efficiency of working memory: Theoretical concept and practical application

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-100
Author(s):  
Dejan Lalovic
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

Efficiency of working memory is the concept which connects psychology of memory with different fields of cognitive, differential and applied psychology. In this paper, the history of interest for the assessment of the capacity of short-term memory is presented in brief, as well as the different methods used nowadays to assess the individual differences in the efficiency of working memory. What follows is the consideration of studies that indicate the existence of significant links between the efficiency of working memory and general intelligence, the ability of reasoning, personality variables, as well as some socio-psychological phenomena. Special emphasis is placed on the links between the efficiency of working memory and certain aspects of pedagogical practice: acquiring the skill of reading, learning arithmetic and shedding light on the cause of general failure in learning at school. What is also provided are the suggestions that, in the light of knowledge about the development and limitations of working memory at school age, can be useful for teaching practice.

History of Spanish Psychology, 1800–2000

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Bandrés
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Experimental Science ◽  
Scientific Psychology ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S

In the history of Spanish psychology in the 19th century, three stages can be distinguished. An eclectic first stage was defined by the coexistence of currents such as spiritualism, sensism, ideology, and common-sense realism. Jaime Balmes was the most prominent and original author, integrating empiricism and associationism in the Spanish tradition of common-sense philosophy. The second stage was characterized by the influence of Krausism, a version of German rationalist pantheism imported by Julián Sanz del Río, that reached great acceptance during the 1860s and 1870s among intellectuals opposed to traditional Catholicism. The third stage began in the late 1870s: the reception, adaptation, development, and debate of the “new psychology” flowing from Germany, Great Britain, and France. A group of neo-Kantian intellectuals led by Cuban José del Perojo, a disciple of Kuno Fischer, introduced and popularized experimental psychology and comparative psychology in Spain. His project was vigorously seconded in Cuba by Enrique José Varona, author of the first Spanish manual of experimental psychology. In this path, the Marxist psychiatrist and intellectual Jaime Vera promoted in Madrid a materialistic view of psychology, and his colleague and friend Luis Simarro won the first university chair of Experimental Psychology, fostering a school of psychologists oriented toward experimental science. In turn, the publication in 1879 of the papal encyclical Aeterni Patris stimulated the development of a Spanish neoscholastic scientific psychology, developed under the influence of Cardinal Mercier of the Catholic University of Louvain. Authors such as Zeferino González, Marcelino Arnáiz, and Alberto Gómez Izquierdo broke with the anti-modern tradition of the Spanish Church and developed an experimental psychology within the Aristotelian-Thomistic framework. In the first three decades of the 20th century, applied psychology expanded radically, linked to a period of strong socioeconomic growth. Abnormal and educational psychology developed vigorously, and Spanish psychotechnics, led by José Germain in Madrid and Emilio Mira in Barcelona, was at the forefront of European science. In 1936 the Spanish Civil War imposed a bloody parenthesis to the economic and scientific development of the country. In the postwar period, the psychiatrist Antonio Vallejo-Nágera and his group tried to manipulate psychological research to legitimize some of general Franco's policies. Simultaneously, two neoscholastic scholars, Manuel Barbado and Juan Zaragüeta, supervised the recovery and scientific development of Spanish psychology through institutions such as the Department of Experimental Psychology of the Higher Council for Scientific Research, the National Institute of Psychotechnics, and the School of Applied Psychology and Psychotechnics of the University of Madrid. José Germain was chosen to direct and guide these projects, and a new generation of academic psychologists was formed: Mariano Yela, José Luis Pinillos, and Miguel Siguán, among others. The economic expansion of the 1960s and 1970s and the end of Franco’s dictatorship produced a huge development of academic and professional psychology, with Spanish psychology becoming positively integrated into Western science. On the other side of the Atlantic, the psychology of liberation developed by Ignacio Martín-Baró in El Salvador promoted the theoretical and methodological renewal of Latin American psychology.

The origin and success of qualitative research

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence F. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Commercial Value

Qualitative research has at last achieved full respectability in the academic sphere, and the success of commercial qualitative market research is demonstrably substantial. This article traces the history of qualitative research back to the time when both strands meet, in an academic source aware of the commercial value of applied psychology, drawing upon techniques that seek to explore and explain human behaviour. It is argued that the modern understanding of qualitative research comprises a ‘package’ of component parts, and that the essential elements of these were first identifiable, beginning in 1925, in the work and advocacy of the psychologist, Paul Felix Lazarsfeld.

scholarly journals The Decade 1989–1998 in Spanish Psychology: An Analysis of Research in Basic Psychological Processes, History of Psychology, and Other Related Topics

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-150
Author(s):  
José Manuel Igoa
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
The Impact

This article presents a review of research published by Spanish Faculty from the area of basic psychology in the decade 1989-1998. It provides information about research on basic psychological processes commonly studied under the labels ofexperimentalandcognitivepsychology, plus a number of topics from other research areas, including some applied psychology issues. The review analyzes the work of 241 faculty members from 27 different Spanish universities, as reflected in 1,882 published papers, book chapters, and books. The analyses carried out in this report include a description of the main research trends found in each area, with some representative references of the published materials, and statistics showing the distribution of this research work in various relevant publications (both Spanish and foreign), with figures that reveal the impact of this work both at a national and international scale.

scholarly journals A Rorschach-próba hazai útja

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Császár-Nagy Noémi
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Rorschach Test ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Psychological Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Training

Célkitűzés: A tanulmány a Rorschach projektív személyiségvizsgálat meghonosodásának, elterjedésének és a – főként klinikai területeken való – alkalmazásának útját kívánja nyomon követni. Mindmáig nincs rendezett és hiteles történeti feldolgozása a tesztnek a hazai alkalmazott lélektani fejlődés kereteibe helyezve. Ezt pótolja jelen munkánk.Módszer: Történeti és alkalmazásfejlődési adatgyűjtés forrásmunkákból merítve, valamint időrendben követett publikációs aktivitás tükrében öt időrendi-folyamati fejlődési szakasz különíthető el. Legmarkánsabb fejlődési ugrás a Közös Rorschach-próba bevezetése és képzése volt, valamint a nemzetközi szintű Rorschachmegújulásban hazánkban is bevezetés alatt álló R-PAS, a teljesítményelvű Rorschach-teszt.Eredmények: A tanulmány követhetővé teszi a hazai betelepítésben és meghonosításban a Szondi-iskola munkatársainak szerepét. A klinikai pszichológiai gyakorlatban Mérei Ferenc és Szakács Ferenc jelentőségét, a Közös Rorschach hazai kultúrában pedig Bagdy Emőke tevékenységének szerepét.Konklúzió: A teszt megújulva tovább él, módszertani eljárásaiban követve a változó pszichológiai szemléletnek a gyakorlati munkában érvényesülő kihatásait. A tesztkövetelmények (validitás, megbízhatóság standardok megújítása stb.) azonban időt átívelő módon állandóak.Objective: This study aims to trace the establishment, spread and application of the Rorschach projective personality examination, mainly in clinical fields. To date, there has been no systematic and scientific examination of the history of the test within the framework of the development of Hungarian applied psychology, which the present study aims to redress.Method: This study is based on an analysis of historical sources and data on the development of the application of the Rorschach test, as well as a chronological examination of relevant publications. The development process can be divided into five stages. The most significant developmental leaps were the introduction of and training for the Joint Rorschach test and the introduction of the R-PAS, an empirically based scoring system for the Rorschach test, in the framework of the international Rorschach renewal.Results: The study highlights the importance of the Szondi School in the introduction and establishment of the Rorschach test in Hungary, and the role of Ferenc Mérei and Ferenc Szakács in Hungarian clinical psychological practice, as well as that of Emőke Bagdy in the Hungarian application of the Joint Rorschach.Conclusion: The study shows that the test has been given a new lease of life, in line with the latest methodology and the effects of changing approaches to psychological practice. At the same time, the testing requirements (validity, reliability, renewal of standards, etc.) are constant across time.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the history of law and psychology as applied psychology

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (0) ◽  
pp. SS-089-SS-089
Author(s):  
Kosuke Wakabayashi ◽  
Yichic Den ◽  
Yuki Nakata ◽  
Miki Takasuna ◽  
Hazime Mizoguchi
Keyword(s):  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Law And Psychology ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Law
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