Does It Ever Go Away? Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms One Year Post-Quit

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Schlam ◽  
M. E. Piper ◽  
J. W. Cook ◽  
M. C. Fiore ◽  
T. B. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
One Year

Withania somnifera attenuates nicotine induced locomotor sensitization and withdrawal symptoms in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Nitin G Dumore ◽  
◽  
Milind J Umekar ◽  
Brijrsh G Taksande ◽  
Manish M Aglawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Locomotor Sensitization ◽  
Nicotine Treatment ◽  
Per Se

Objective: To investigate the effect of withania somnifera extract (WSE) on nicotine mediated reinforcement effect and withdrawal symptoms which attributed for the addiction liabilities of nicotine. Methods: In Swiss albino mice nicotine mediated locomotor sensitization and anxiogenic effects of chronic and acute nicotine treatment respectively was tested per se or in combination with WSE. In addition, nicotine withdrawal induced anxiety-like behavior was also studied. Locomotor sensitization was tested by employing open field test (OFT), while symptoms of anxiety were evaluated by subjecting mice to elevated plus maze (EPM). Results: Daily treatment with nicotine (subcutaneous) for 7 days showed gradual increase in the locomotor activity in OFT as compared to saline group indicating the development of locomotor sensitization. Following 3 days of drug free period, nicotine challenge on day 11 also showed rise in locomotor activity depicting expression of sensitization. WSE pretreatment inhibited the nicotine induced development and expression of locomotor sensitization. WSE+nicotine treated group showed decreased ambulations as compared to per se nicotine group on day 1-7 and day 8 (P<0.05). In EPM, acute nicotine treated mice spend more time in open arms as compared to saline indicating the anxiolytic behavior. WSE pretreatment reversed this anxiolytic effect. Nicotine withdrawal mice showed significant increase in the number of entries in arm and total time spend in closed arm indicating anxiety-like behavior. WSE treatment in nicotine withdrawal mice inhibited the nicotine withdrawal induced increased number of entries and time spend in closed arms. Conclusion: These results indicated that WSE may serve an effective herbal medicine in arresting nicotine mediated reinforcement and withdrawal signs

scholarly journals Activation of AMPK by metformin improves withdrawal signs precipitated by nicotine withdrawal

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (16) ◽  
pp. 4282-4287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia K. Brynildsen ◽  
Bridgin G. Lee ◽  
Isaac J. Perron ◽  
Sunghee Jin ◽  
Sangwon F. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Ampk Signaling ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Multiple Health ◽  
Withdrawal Signs

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, with more persons dying from nicotine addiction than any other preventable cause of death. Even though smoking cessation incurs multiple health benefits, the abstinence rate remains low with current medications. Here we show that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in the hippocampus is activated following chronic nicotine use, an effect that is rapidly reversed by nicotine withdrawal. Increasing pAMPK levels and, consequently, downstream AMPK signaling pharmacologically attenuate anxiety-like behavior following nicotine withdrawal. We show that metformin, a known AMPK activator in the periphery, reduces withdrawal symptoms through a mechanism dependent on the presence of the AMPKα subunits within the hippocampus. This study provides evidence of a direct effect of AMPK modulation on nicotine withdrawal symptoms and suggests central AMPK activation as a therapeutic target for smoking cessation.

Psychometric Properties of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale: A Korean Version

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun S. Kim ◽  
Elsie E. Gulick ◽  
Seong-Ho Kim ◽  
Hong-Gwan Seo
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Korean American ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Back Translation

Smoking is considerably more common among Korean American male individuals compared with all U.S. males, but no reliable and valid nicotine withdrawal scale has been available to measure withdrawal symptoms from the Korean American perspective, which is the aim of the present study. Translation and back-translation of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) was conducted to obtain a measure consistent with the Korean cultural understanding of smoking withdrawal symptoms. Following satisfactory interrater agreements, the Korean version (MNWS-K) was administered to 118 Korean American male smokers. Data were analyzed for internal consistency reliability and stability as well as construct validity. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory for the total scale and factors (.88, .88, .79) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total score over a 1-month period was fair (r = .51). Exploratory factor analysis with orthogonal rotation yielded two factors. Together, Factor I, early-occurring disturbances in mental functioning, and Factor II, disturbances in physiological functioning and late-occurring disturbances in mental functioning, explained 66% of the variance in the scale. Theoretically related variables to the MNWS-K, number of smoking quit attempts and self-efficacy, showed modest but statistically significant correlations with the MNWS-K total and factored scales. Satisfactory internal consistency coefficients together with the validity findings suggest the MNWS-K warrants use with the Korean American population.

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