Effects of Exposure to Political Violence in the Community and Mass-media on Children's and Adolescents' Psychosocial Functioning, Ethnic Stereotypes, and Attitudes Toward Other Ethnic Groups

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric DuBow
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes

The politics of blame: Mass media messages and political violence during peace negotiations

Journalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 146488491986028
Author(s):  
Maria Armoudian ◽  
Barry Milne
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Violent Acts

Using negative binomial regression, we tested the relationships between political violence and media messages of blame across five distinct publications in Northern Ireland, publications that varied by ideology/identity and structure over a period of 4.5 years during the peace process. While controlling for previous violence, we found reciprocal relationships, suggesting that violent acts correlated with a rise in blame in mass media and that blame in some mass media correlated with escalating violence in what appears to be a cycle. Not surprisingly, violent acts also led to subsequent violent acts.

scholarly journals Személynév – etnikai sztereotípia – előítélet

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Takács
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Prototype Theory ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Positive Discrimination

Personal name – ethnic stereotypes – prejudices. Findings of an examination The paper examines categorization and stereotypes from the perspective of social psychology, using the findings of so-called type creation and prototype theory. In connection with a group of personal names, i.e. the names that can be related to Roma ethnic groups, the author analyses the processes of developing stereotypes and prejudices, focusing primarily on how proper names as potential information sources to judge ethnic categories are involved in developing stereotypes. The author’s findings show that the correlation between the examined ethnic-marking first and/or family names (Levente Szabó, Bence Orsós, Rikárdó Kovács, Renátó Lakatos) and the assessments of the papers handed in is insignificant. Even the strongest correlation based on variation analysis is insignificant, which means that the results deduced from over 300 assessments examined by the author do not support the assumed connection between ethno-stereotypical names and lower grades in school. With respect to the examined typical ethnic-marking name form consisting of both a first and a family name (Renátó Lakatos) positive discrimination cannot be unambiguously proven either on the basis of the materials at hand.

scholarly journals The Image of the German, the Pole, the Latvian, and the Lithuanian in Lithuanian and Latvian Folklore

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 49-76
Author(s):  
Laima Anglickienė ◽  
◽  
Antra Kļavinska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Similarities And Differences

In multi-ethnic societies, one way in which ethnicity manifests itself is in classifying people according to their ethnic origin. Such classification is based on stereotyping and is typically achieved by emphasizing certain common characteristics rather than individual particularities. Both lived experience and folklore corroborate the fact that ethnic stereotypes, ethnic self-awareness, and identity are also influenced by historical circumstances. This article focuses on Lithuanians’ and Latvians’ attitudes towards Poles and Germans, and towards one another during the period between the eighteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries. The aim of this article is to reveal how the folklore of the two neighbouring nations, Lithuanians and Latvians, depicts the aforementioned ethnic groups; what historical events, cultural and social factors determined the similarities and differences in their portrayal in Lithuanian and Latvian folklore.

Media Constructions of Culture, Race, and Ethnicity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis L. Dixon ◽  
Kristopher R. Weeks ◽  
Marisa A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Black Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Latino Immigration ◽  
Black And Latino

Racial stereotypes flood today’s mass media. Researchers investigate these stereotypes’ prevalence, from news to entertainment. Black and Latino stereotypes draw particular concern, especially because they misrepresent these racial groups. From both psychological and sociological perspectives, these misrepresentations can influence how people view their racial group as well as other groups. Furthermore, a racial group’s lack of representation can also reduce the group’s visibility to the general public. Such is the case for Native Americans and Asian Americans. Given mass media’s widespread distribution of black and Latino stereotypes, most research on mediated racial portrayals focuses on these two groups. For instance, while black actors and actresses appear often in prime-time televisions shows, black women appear more often in situational comedies than any other genre. Also, when compared to white actors and actresses, television casts blacks in villainous or despicable roles at a higher rate. In advertising, black women often display Eurocentric features, like straight hair. On the other hand, black men are cast as unemployed, athletic, or entertainers. In sports entertainment, journalists emphasize white athletes’ intelligence and black athletes’ athleticism. In music videos, black men appear threatening and sport dark skin tones. These music videos also sexualize black women and tend to emphasize those with light skin tones. News media overrepresent black criminality and exaggerate the notion that blacks belong to the undeserving poor class. Video games tend to portray black characters as either violent outlaws or athletic. While mass media misrepresent the black population, it tends to both misrepresent and underrepresent the Latino population. When represented in entertainment media, Latinos assume hypersexualized roles and low-occupation jobs. Both news and entertainment media overrepresent Latino criminality. News outlets also overly associate Latino immigration with crime and relate Latino immigration to economic threat. Video games rarely portray Latino characters. Creators may create stereotypic content or fail to fairly represent racial and ethnic groups for a few reasons. First, the ethnic blame discourse in the United States may influence creators’ conscious and unconscious decision-making processes. This discourse contends that the ethnic and racial minorities are responsible for their own problems. Second, since stereotypes appeal to and are easily processed by large general audiences, the misrepresentation of racial and ethnic groups facilitates revenue generation. This article largely discusses media representations of blacks and Latinos and explains the implications of such portrayals.

scholarly journals Exploring Ethnic Stereotypes and Prejudice Among Some Major Ethnic Groups in Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Victoria Wendy Lawson ◽  
Charity S. Akotia ◽  
Maxwell Asumeng
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes

Television Viewing and Ethnic Stereotypes: Do College Students Form Stereotypical Perceptions of Ethnic Groups as a Result of Heavy Television Consumption?

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon J. Lee ◽  
Shannon L. Bichard ◽  
Meagan S. Irey ◽  
Heather M. Walt ◽  
Alana J. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes

scholarly journals Emergence of Ethnopolitical Journalism in Kenya: Lessons from the 2017 Televised Political Analyses Shows

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Michael M Ndonye
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Transformative Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Ethnic Identity Formation ◽  
Political Analysis

This paper critiques ethnopolitical journalism in televised political analyses of the 2017 electoral process in Kenya. Ethnopolitical journalism is a reporting model characterised by a focus on ethnicity when analysing and describing political situations; leading to ethnic identity formation in the society that places mass media at economic vantage point. Motivated by mediatized ethnicity, Kenyans find themselves perpetually under normalised ethnopolitics and ethnopolitical journalism is a major strategy in the mainstream media. Fourteen televised political analysis shows; from major television channels were examined. The analysis targeted prioritised and dominant topics of discussion, the composition of the panels; the most discussed presidential candidates and the moderator’s leads toward a particular direction during the analyses. The findings show that in all the televised political analysis shows, all members of the panel are drawn from the five ethnic groups. Moreover, all priority topics target the two supposedly major political sides (NASA and Jubilee); whose principals and deputies come from the five ethnic groups. It was also noted that every discussion from different Television channels are narrowed deliberately by the moderator to discuss about Raila Odinga and Uhuru Kenyatta, thus, ignoring all other presidential candidates, their political parties and areas considered their strongholds. These findings reveal the media’s deliberate choices of house styles and reporting models during the electoral periods in Kenya. The study concludes that media has been the high priest of ethnicity normalization culture that has shaped the political mindset of Africa to the extent of undermining its transformative leadership. The findings add to the research critical of media practice and political economy of mass media reporting during electioneering periods.

Correlations of Israeli Adolescents' Exposure to Extreme Political Violence with Their Psychosocial Functioning and Their Attitudes and Beliefs About Other Groups

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simha Landau ◽  
Eric Dubow ◽  
Rowell Huesmann ◽  
Jeremy Ginges ◽  
Paul Boxer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs

SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIATION OF AUTO- AND HETERO-STEREOTYPES IN LEMKOS ETHNIC SELF-AWARENESS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shaparenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Semantic Differentiation

The article is devoted to analyze of substantial features of the auto-, and hetero-stereotypes of Lemkos. Determined, that the psychosemantic study of these concepts should be considered in the context of self-awareness. The expediency of methodological principles of research, substantiated based on the emic-approach, which aims to better understand peculiarities of one ethnic group. It is established, that overall ethnic stereotypes in the Lemko ethnic group have a positive emotional coloration, what indicates a harmonious images of «we» and «they», and constitutes the basis for a normal, positive ethnic self-awareness. Greater certainty of ethnic hetero-stereotype compared to ethnic auto-stereotype in Lemkos ethnic self-awareness has been statistically proved. Is revealed some opposition between auto-stereotype and hetero-stereotype related to such parameters as: ethnicity-masculinity and pride-uniqueness. These parameters are bipolar, and opposed only in ethnic hetero-stereotype, while in ethnic auto-stereotype they are harmoniously combined, which may indicate a certain collective projection of “shadow” on the ethnic Other. The carried out research demonstrated the presence of friendly traits in the ethnic self-awareness of Lemko ethnic group, with a simultaneous awareness about differentiation between representatives of different ethnic groups. Prospects for further research are seen in the study of the influence of modern cultural and historical factors, onto the changes in ethnic self-awareness of different generations of Lemkos.

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