Relationship Between Childhood Maltreatment and Early Adult Substance Use

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Elwyn ◽  
Carolyn A. Smith ◽  
Timothy O. Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment

Childhood maltreatment affects adolescent sensitivity to parenting and close friendships in predicting growth in externalizing behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 1237-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Tung ◽  
Amanda N. Noroña ◽  
Steve S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Latent Growth Curves ◽  
Parental Closeness

AbstractChildhood maltreatment robustly predicts adolescent externalizing behaviors (EB; e.g., violence, delinquency, substance use) and may crystalize patterns of EB by influencing sensitivity to the social environment (e.g., parenting, friendships). In a nationally representative sample of 9,421 adolescents, we modeled latent growth curves of EB from age 13 to 32 years. Next, we explored whether maltreated youth differed from nonmaltreated youth in their sensitivity to parental closeness, friendship involvement, and polymorphisms from dopamine genes linked to EB (dopamine receptors D2 and D4, dopamine transporter). Overall, maltreated youth had significantly higher levels of EB across adolescence and adulthood; however, maltreated and nonmaltreated youth showed similar patterns of EB change over time: violent behavior decreased in adolescence before stabilizing in adulthood, whereas nonviolent delinquency and substance use increased in adolescence before decreasing in the transition to adulthood. Maltreatment reduced sensitivity to parental closeness and friendship involvement, although patterns varied based on type of EB outcome. Finally, none of the environmental effects on EB were significantly moderated by the dopamine polygenic risk score after accounting for multiple testing. These findings underline the enduring effects of early maltreatment and implicate that maltreatment may contribute to long-term risk for EB by influencing children's sensitivity to social relationship factors in adolescence.

scholarly journals From Childhood Maltreatment To Depression Behind Bars : Testing A Theoretical Model Of Adolescent Depression Among Juvenile Offenders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya G. Wanklyn
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Incarcerated Youth ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Depression Severity

Despite research consistently demonstrating a link between childhood maltreatment and depression, our understanding of the potential mediators of this relationship remains limited. Based on the existing literature and corresponding theories, a theoretical model was constructed to assess the effects of childhood maltreatment, impulsivity, hopelessness, and substance use on adolescent offenders' depression severity. This model was tested for sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and emotional neglect using a series of path analyses. Impulsivity and hopelessness partially mediated the effects of childhood sexual abuse and emotional abuse on depression severity, and fully mediated the effects of childhood physical abuse and emotional neglect. Contrary to expectation, substance use did not mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression severity. These results suggest that childhood maltreatment, impulsivity, and hopelessness may be important variables to include in clinical research related to depression in incarcerated youth.

scholarly journals Traumatic Events in Dual Disorders: Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2553
Author(s):  
Laura Blanco ◽  
Albert Sió ◽  
Bridget Hogg ◽  
Ricard Esteve ◽  
Joaquim Radua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Dual Disorders ◽  
Dual Disorder

Psychological trauma has been identified in substance use disorders (SUD) as a major etiological risk factor. However, detailed and systematic data about the prevalence and types of psychological trauma in dual disorders have been scarce to date. In this study, 150 inpatients were recruited and cross-sectionally screened on their substance use severity, psychological trauma symptoms, comorbidities, and clinical severity. One hundred patients fulfilled criteria for a dual disorder, while 50 patients were diagnosed with only SUD. Ninety-four percent of the whole sample suffered from at least one lifetime traumatic event. The prevalence rates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder diagnosis for dual disorder and only SUD was around 20% in both groups; however, patients with dual disorder presented more adverse events, more childhood trauma, more dissociative symptoms, and a more severe clinical profile than patients with only SUD. Childhood maltreatment can also serve as a predictor for developing a dual disorder diagnosis and as a risk factor for developing a more complex and severe clinical profile. These data challenge our current clinical practice in the treatment of patients suffering from dual disorder or only SUD diagnosis and favor the incorporation of an additional trauma-focused therapy in this population. This may improve the prognosis and the course of the illness in these patients.

Longitudinal changes in within-salience network functional connectivity mediate the relationship between childhood abuse and neglect, and mental health during adolescence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Divyangana Rakesh ◽  
Nicholas B. Allen ◽  
Sarah Whittle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Problematic Substance

Abstract Background Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of childhood maltreatment is vital given consistent links with poor mental health. Dimensional models of adversity purport that different types of adversity likely have distinct neurobiological consequences. Adolescence is a key developmental period, during which deviations from normative neurodevelopment may have particular relevance for mental health. However, longitudinal work examining links between different forms of maltreatment, neurodevelopment, and mental health is limited. Methods In the present study, we explored associations between abuse, neglect, and longitudinal development of within-network functional connectivity of the salience (SN), default mode (DMN), and executive control network in 142 community residing adolescents. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired at age 16 (T1; M = 16.46 years, s.d. = 0.52, 66F) and 19 (T2; mean follow-up period: 2.35 years). Mental health data were also collected at T1 and T2. Childhood maltreatment history was assessed prior to T1. Results Abuse and neglect were both found to be associated with increases in within-SN functional connectivity from age 16 to 19. Further, there were sex differences in the association between neglect and changes in within-DMN connectivity. Finally, increases in within-SN connectivity were found to mediate the association between abuse/neglect and lower problematic substance use and higher depressive symptoms at age 19. Conclusions Our findings suggest that childhood maltreatment is associated with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories, and that changes in salience processing may be linked with risk and resilience for the development of depression and substance use problems during adolescence, respectively. Further work is needed to understand the distinct neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes of abuse and neglect.

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