Supplemental Material for New English and Spanish Social Health Measures Will Facilitate Evaluating Health Determinants

2014 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Hahn ◽  
◽  
Darren A. DeWalt ◽  
Rita K. Bode ◽  
Sofia F. Garcia ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Cristina Barboza-Solís DDS, MSc, PhD ◽  
Juan Pablo Sáenz-Bonilla MSc ◽  
Romain Fantin MSc ◽  
Ingrid Gómez-Duarte MD, MSc, PhD ◽  
Karol Rojas-Araya NP

Social health inequalities (or inequities) continue to represent a great challenge for public health research worldwide. Since 1991, the World Health Organization established that the study and analysis of health inequalities represented a priority for all countries. To better guide methodological and practical implications of health inequalities, research on this topic should present a solid theoretical model, able to impact future public health policies.  Previous studies of health inequalities in Latin America are often inspired from abroad experiences, encouraging the reproduction of mainly European theoretical positions and methodologies. However, especially when it comes to  this topic, it is known the important role of the social context and culture, playing an important role in promoting differences in health outcomes. From this perspective, to operationalize the different social determinants in health, a critical perspective and thoughtful analysis of the context is mandatory.  In order to provide a critical analysis and useful tools for both research and health decision making, we recommend that the theoretical and methodological approaches used in social health inequalities research must be well adapted to the specific contexts; that health social stratification must be assessed as a priority; that individual and the wider health determinants must be well characterized; and that the theoretical justification of the methodological decisions made in the studies and the selected measures must be explicit and should answer specific hypotheses.  This research provides a brief historical background, to share the basis for the conceptual evolution of social health inequalities; the main underlying concepts related to the definition of health inequalities (social determinants, equity, justice, stratification and social gradient in health); and some recommendations for the future perspectives of health inequalities research in Latin America.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulo O. Barros ◽  
Fabio L. C. C. Junior ◽  
Wildrimak S. Pereira ◽  
Neiva M. N. Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Ramos

The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic is causing the death of people around the world and public and social health measures to slow or prevent the spread of COVID-19 are being implemented with the involvement of all members of society. Research institutions are accelerating the discovery of vaccines and therapies for the COVID-19. In this work, molecular docking was used to study (in silico) the interaction of twenty-four ligands, divided into four groups, with four important SARS-CoV-2 receptors. The results showed that Metaquine (group 01), antimalarial substance and the anti-HIV antiretroviral Saquinavir (group 03), presented interaction with all the studied receptors, indicating that they are potentials candidates for muti-target drugs for COVID-19.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulo O. Barros ◽  
Fabio L. C. C. Junior ◽  
Wildrimak S. Pereira ◽  
Neiva M. N. Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Ramos

The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic is causing the death of people around the world and public and social health measures to slow or prevent the spread of COVID-19 are being implemented with the involvement of all members of society. Research institutions are accelerating the discovery of vaccines and therapies for the COVID-19. In this work, molecular docking was used to study (in silico) the interaction of twenty-four ligands, divided into four groups, with four important SARS-CoV-2 receptors. The results showed that Metaquine (group 01), antimalarial substance and the anti-HIV antiretroviral Saquinavir (group 03), presented interaction with all the studied receptors, indicating them as potentials candidates for muti-target drugs for COVID-19.


2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-755
Author(s):  
Taras G. Gutor ◽  
Natalia I. Zaremba ◽  
Oksana R. Kovalska ◽  
Dzvenyslava Je. Moskviak-Lesniak ◽  
Iryna M. Gerasymovych ◽  
...  

The aim: To analyze the data of social health determinants – life expectancy of population and infant mortality in neighboring countries: Ukraine and Poland in cut-away of territory habitation. Materials and methods: The statistical materials of the Ukrainian and Polish information sources were used in this work: SI “The center of medical statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, The state statistics service of Ukraine, The central statistical management of Poland (Główny Urząd Statystyczny). Methods of system approach, bibliosemantic, statistical, analytical were used for analysis. Results: In both countries, Poland and Ukraine, the general dynamics as to the growth of an average life expectancy (ALE) among men and women was observed during 28 years of surveillance, and in both countries it was revealed that the ALE indices in women were much higher than in men. Within the last five years, there is a considerable tendency of decrease in the infant death rate in Ukraine, while in Poland this index is particularly invariable. This may be due to the fact that the level of infant mortality in Poland is half the level in Ukraine; moreover, this correlation is approximate within the last five years of observation. A significant place in the structure of all the causes of infant mortality in 2019 is occupied by the ХVІ chapter in accordance with ICD-10 “Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period” – 54.39 % in Ukraine and 53.05 % in Poland, the last – “Diseases of the Urogenital system” (chapter ХІV) – 0 % and 0.7 %, correspondingly. Conclusions: With a view of an incessant improvement of a high-quality information which is registered when the statistical data are formed, it is necessary to promote a broad intersector cooperation inside the countries and international collaboration between the countries.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulo O. Barros ◽  
Fabio L. C. C. Junior ◽  
Wildrimak S. Pereira ◽  
Neiva M. N. Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Ramos

The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic is causing the death of people around the world and public and social health measures to slow or prevent the spread of COVID-19 are being implemented with the involvement of all members of society. Research institutions are accelerating the discovery of vaccines and therapies for the COVID-19. In this work, molecular docking was used to study (in silico) the interaction of twenty-four ligands, divided into four groups, with four important SARS-CoV-2 receptors. The results showed that Metaquine (group 01), antimalarial substance and the anti-HIV antiretroviral Saquinavir (group 03), presented interaction with all the studied receptors, indicating them as potentials candidates for muti-target drugs for COVID-19.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulo O. Barros ◽  
Fabio L. C. C. Junior ◽  
Wildrimak S. Pereira ◽  
Neiva M. N. Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Ramos

The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic is causing the death of people around the world and public and social health measures to slow or prevent the spread of COVID-19 are being implemented with the involvement of all members of society. Research institutions are accelerating the discovery of vaccines and therapies for the COVID-19. In this work, molecular docking was used to study (in silico) the interaction of twenty-four ligands, divided into four groups, with four important SARS-CoV-2 receptors. The results showed that Metaquine (group 01), antimalarial substance and the anti-HIV antiretroviral Saquinavir (group 03), presented interaction with all the studied receptors, indicating that they are potentials candidates for muti-target drugs for COVID-19.


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