Comparison of emotional intelligence in young male patients with borderline personality disorder or traits and healthy controls.

Shame has been found to be a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). To date, there is no existing systematic review or meta-analysis examining shame in individuals with BPD as compared to healthy controls (HCs). A meta-analysis of 10 studies comparing reported shame in BPD patients to HCs was carried out. Demographic and clinical moderator variables were included to see if they have a relationship with the effect size. Results showed that those with BPD had more reported shame than healthy controls. In addition, in BPD patients and HCs, higher education level was related to lower reported shame. In HCs, it was found that those who were younger reported a higher level of shame. Finally, among BPD patients, there was a relationship between levels of reported shame and elevated PTSD symptomatology. These findings emphasize the clinical relevance of shame in individuals with BPD and the need to formulate psychotherapeutic strategies that target and decrease shame.

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A meta-analysis of theory of mind and ‘mentalization’ in borderline personality disorder: a true neuro-social-cognitive or meta-social-cognitive impairment?

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721003718 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Emre Bora

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Theory Of Mind ◽

Cognitive Style ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background It is widely accepted that borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with significant impairments in mentalization and theory of mind (ToM) which are considered as closely related concepts by many authors particularly in psychoanalytical circles. However, for understanding interpersonal difficulties in personality disorders, it is important to distinguish neuro-social cognitive impairment from the abnormal meta-social-cognitive style of patients. Methods The current systematic review aimed to conduct separate meta-analyses of ‘mentalization’ [reflective functioning (RF] and different aspects of ToM in BPD. A literature search was conducted to locate relevant articles published between January 1990 to July 2021. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted in 34 studies involving 1448 individuals with BPD and 2006 healthy controls. Results A very large impairment in RF was evident in BPD [d = 1.68, confidence interval (CI) = 1.17–2.19]. In contrast, ToM impairment was modest (d = 0.36, CI = 0.24–0.48). BPD patients underperformed healthy controls in ToM-reasoning (d = 0.44, CI = 0.32–0.56) but not ToM-decoding. Increased HyperToM (d = 0.60, CI = 0.41–0.79) and faux pas recognition (d = 0.62, CI = 0.35–0.90) errors in BPD compared to healthy controls were most robust ToM findings in this meta-analysis. Conclusions BPD is characterized by very severe deficits in RF and modest and selective abnormalities in ToM. Interpersonal problems and difficulties in processing social information in BPD can be best explained by patients' maldaptive meta-social cognitive style and top-down effects of these abnormalities rather than having a primary neuro-social cognitive deficit.

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The Relationship Between Cognitive Abilities and Trait Clinical Features in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

Journal of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1521/pedi.2021.35.5.730 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 730-749

Author(s):

Martino Belvederi Murri ◽

Federica Folesani ◽

Silvia Costa ◽

Bruno Biancosino ◽

Luigi Zerbinati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Brief Symptom Inventory ◽

Structure Questionnaire ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Personality Dysfunction ◽

The Relationship

Very few studies have focused on the relationship between cognitive functions and clinical features in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Subjects with BPD and healthy controls were administered the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Trail Making Test A and B, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) was used to assess the severity of current symptoms. Attachment style was assessed with the Experiences in Close Relationship Questionnaire, identity integration with the Personality Structure Questionnaire, and other domains of personality dysfunction with the RUDE Scale for Personality Dysfunction. Patients with BPD performed significantly worse than healthy controls in all cognitive domains. Cognitive functions, particularly delayed memory and visuospatial abilities, displayed meaningful associations with trait-like clinical features, above the effect of global cognition and state psychopathology. These findings highlight the need to evaluate effects of cognitive rehabilitation on trait features among individuals with BPD.

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Different aspects of emotional intelligence of borderline personality disorder

Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy ◽

10.1002/cpp.2126 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. e51-e59 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mathell Peter ◽

Arnoud R. Arntz ◽

Theo Klimstra ◽

Ad J.J.M. Vingerhoets

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality

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Effects of a Painful Stimulus on Stress Regulation in Male Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pilot Study

Journal of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1521/pedi_2018_32_351 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 394-412

Author(s):

Janina Naoum ◽

Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽

Ulf Baumgärtner ◽

Franziska Willis ◽

Falk Mancke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Pain Stimulus ◽

Self Injury ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pain Ratings ◽

Male Patients

Pain processing in relation to stress has so far not been investigated in male patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This experimental pilot study examined 17 male BPD patients and 20 male healthy controls (HCs) to assess the effects of a pain stimulus on arousal, aggression, pain (ratings), and heart rate. At baseline, BPD patients showed significantly higher arousal and aggression; however, there was no significant difference in heart rate compared to the HC group. Following stress induction, a noninvasive mechanical pain stimulus was applied. No significant differences in pain ratings or heart rates were found between the groups. For arousal, a significantly stronger decrease was revealed in the BPD group compared to the HC group (t = 2.16, p = .038). Concerning aggression, the BPD group showed a significantly greater decrease after the pain stimulus than the HC group (t = 3.25, p = .002). This data showed that nonsuicidal self-injury can reduce arousal and aggression in male BPD.

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Self-Compassion Mediates the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms

Journal of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1521/pedi_2017_31_331 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 838-856 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hannah J. Scheibner ◽

Anna Daniels ◽

Simon Guendelman ◽

Franca Utz ◽

Felix Bermpohl

Keyword(s):

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Psychological Process ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Self Compassion ◽

Nonclinical Sample ◽

The Relationship

Individuals suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience difficulties with mindfulness. How mindfulness influences BPD symptoms, however, is still unknown. We hypothesized that the relationship between mindfulness and BPD symptoms would be mediated by self-compassion. In study 1, we recruited 29 individuals with BPD and 30 group-matched healthy controls. In study 2, we complemented our results with findings from a larger, nonclinical sample of 89 participants that were recruited during an open-house event at the local university. All participants completed questionnaires assessing self-compassion, mindfulness, BPD symptom severity, and emotion dysregulation. In both studies, self-compassion mediated the relationship between mindfulness and BPD symptom severity as well as between mindfulness and emotion dysregulation. Self-compassion seems to be one psychological process that could explain the relationship between mindfulness and BPD symptoms. One promising approach in therapy could be to target self-compassion more directly during mindfulness trainings and interventions.

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Trait Emotional Intelligence and Borderline Personality Disorder

Personality and Individual Differences ◽

10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.022 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 674-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Helen Sinclair ◽

Janet Feigenbaum

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Trait Emotional Intelligence

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Comparison of Coping Strategies and Emotional Intelligence in Borderline Personality Disorder and Normal Subjects

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71309-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

H. Jamilian

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Case Control ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Control Data ◽

Male And Female ◽

Student Test

Aim:The goal of the study was to compare coping strategies and emotional intelligence of patients suffering from borderline personality disorder (B.P.D.) and those of normal subjects in Arak city (2007 - 2008).Method:40 patients (20 male and 20 female) with B.P.D. and 40 normal subjects (20 male and 20 female) participated in the study. All 80 subjects were assessed using the Millon clinical multiaxial - III, coping strategies questionnaire, and emotional quotient. the method of the research was case-control; data were analyzed by t-student test and regression.Results and conclusion:The results showed that patients with B.P.D. mainly used ineffective coping strategies such as escape-avoidance strategy in comparison with the normal subjects. Additionally the patients with B.P.D. used positive reappraisal, planful problem solving, and seeking social support less than the normal subjects, and their emotional intelligence was low. There were no significant differences between the emotional intelligence and applying coping strategies of male and female patients. Furthermore the study showed that there is a positive correlation between the applying effective coping strategies and emotional intelligence.

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