Single Channel Theory and Dichotic Listening

In dichotic listening, subjects are apparently unable to attend simultaneously to two concurrent, auditory speech messages. However, in two experiments reported here, it is shown that people can attend to and repeat back continuous speech at the same time as taking in complex, unrelated visual scenes, or even while sight-reading piano music. In both cases performance with divided attention was very good, and in the case of sight-reading was as good as with undivided attention. There was little or no effect of the dual task on the accuracy of speech shadowing. These results are incompatible with the hypothesis that human attention is limited by the capacity of a general–purpose central processor in the nervous system. An alternative, “multi-channel”, hypothesis is outlined.

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Single-Channel Theory and Automaticity Theory

Applied Attention Theory ◽

10.1201/9781420063363.ch2 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 9-20

Author(s):

Christopher Wickens

Keyword(s):

Single Channel ◽

Channel Theory

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The dimensionality of texture-defined motion: a single channel theory

Vision Research ◽

10.1016/0042-6989(93)90253-s ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 463-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Peter Werkhoven ◽

George Sperling ◽

Charles Chubb

Keyword(s):

Single Channel ◽

Channel Theory

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The Psychological Refractory Period as a Function of Performance of a First Response

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1080/14640746708400114 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 350-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Marilyn C. Smith

Keyword(s):

Refractory Period ◽

Motor Response ◽

Psychological Refractory Period ◽

Single Channel ◽

Response Selection ◽

Expectancy Theory ◽

Response Component ◽

First Response ◽

Motor Component ◽

Channel Theory

Proponents of a “single channel” theory of the psychological refractory period have not specified whether the single channel occupies only the decision component of the response selection, only the motor or response component, or both. In this experiment, the delay in the RT to the second of two successively presented stimuli was examined as a function of whether or not an overt motor response was made to the first stimulus, keeping the decision component constant. It was found that in both conditions RT2 was delayed, suggesting that the decision component was a part of the single channel. However, RT2 was delayed by a significantly greater amount if a motor response was required, indicating that the motor component is part of the single channel as well. Implications of the results for an expectancy theory of the psychological refractory period are discussed.

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Single-Channel Theory and Automaticity Theory

Applied Attention Theory ◽

10.1201/9780429059261-2 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 9-20

Author(s):

Christopher D. Wickens ◽

Jason S. McCarley

Keyword(s):

Single Channel ◽

Channel Theory

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Response Time to a First Signal as a Function of Time Relationship to a Second Signal and Mode of Presentation

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1971.32.3.811 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 811-816 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcelline M. Burns ◽

Herbert Moskowitz

Keyword(s):

Response Time ◽

Refractory Period ◽

Psychological Refractory Period ◽

Single Channel ◽

Time Sharing ◽

Random Presentation ◽

Time Relationship ◽

Processing Mechanisms ◽

Channel Theory ◽

Support Time

Using a random presentation of inter-stimulus intervals between stimulus 1 and stimulus 2 in a psychological refractory period paradigm, this experiment permitted comparison of data obtained earlier using a block presentation. With 10 male Ss per study, response time to stimulus 1 increased at higher inter-stimulus intervals under block presentations but not under random presentations. The results are interpreted to support time-sharing between the processing mechanisms of the two stimuli rather than a single channel theory.

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Data Acquisition and Handling Unit for a Quantitative Use of Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100078699 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 232-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Trebbia ◽

P. Ballongue ◽

C. Colliex

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Energy Loss ◽

Electron Energy ◽

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽

Single Channel ◽

Detection System ◽

Surface Barrier ◽

Solid State Detector ◽

Electrostatic Mirror ◽

Electron Energy Loss

An effective use of electron energy loss spectroscopy for chemical characterization of selected areas in the electron microscope can only be achieved with the development of quantitative measurements capabilities.The experimental assembly, which is sketched in Fig.l, has therefore been carried out. It comprises four main elements.The analytical transmission electron microscope is a conventional microscope fitted with a Castaing and Henry dispersive unit (magnetic prism and electrostatic mirror). Recent modifications include the improvement of the vacuum in the specimen chamber (below 10-6 torr) and the adaptation of a new electrostatic mirror.The detection system, similar to the one described by Hermann et al (1), is located in a separate chamber below the fluorescent screen which visualizes the energy loss spectrum. Variable apertures select the electrons, which have lost an energy AE within an energy window smaller than 1 eV, in front of a surface barrier solid state detector RTC BPY 52 100 S.Q. The saw tooth signal delivered by a charge sensitive preamplifier (decay time of 5.10-5 S) is amplified, shaped into a gaussian profile through an active filter and counted by a single channel analyser.

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Instrumentation for Measurement of Lingual Strength

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1101.189 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 189-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lois Joan Sanders

Keyword(s):

Single Channel ◽

Displacement Transducer ◽

Tongue Pressure ◽

Maximum Pressure ◽

Research Use ◽

Direct Writing ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pressure Unit ◽

Force Displacement ◽

Consistent Response

A tongue pressure unit for measurement of lingual strength and patterns of tongue pressure is described. It consists of a force displacement transducer, a single channel, direct writing recording system, and a specially designed tongue pressure disk, head stabilizer, and pressure unit holder. Calibration with known weights indicated an essentially linear and consistent response. An evaluation of subject reliability in which 17 young adults were tested on two occasions revealed no significant difference in maximum pressure exerted during the two test trials. Suggestions for clinical and research use of the instrumentation are noted.

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Interhemispheric transfer evaluation in multiple sclerosis 1The authors would like to thank Claude-Alain Hauert and Christoph Michel for their assistance in the evaluation of motor tapping and Michel Habib for his suggestions and comments. This work was supported by a grant from the Swiss Society of Multiple Sclerosis.

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.59.3.150 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 150-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nadia Ortiz ◽

Michael Reicherts ◽

Alan J. Pegna ◽

Encarni Garran ◽

Michel Chofflon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Lexical Decision ◽

Dichotic Listening ◽

Neurological Impairment ◽

Interhemispheric Transfer ◽

Decision Task ◽

Swiss Society ◽

Listening Test ◽

Relapsing Remitting

Patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have frequently been found to suffer from damage to callosal fibers. Investigations have shown that this damage is associated with signs of hemisphere disconnections. The aim of our study was to provide evidence for the first signs of interhemispheric dysfunction in a mildly disabled MS population. Therefore, we explored whether the Interhemispheric Transfer (IT) deficit is multi-modal and sought to differentiate two MS evolution forms, on the basis of an interhemispheric disconnection index. Twenty-two patients with relapsing-remitting form of MS (RRMS) and 14 chronic-progressive (CPMS) were compared with matched controls on four tasks: a tachistoscopic verbal and non-verbal decision task, a dichotic listening test, cross tactile finger localization and motor tapping. No overall impairment was seen. The dichotic listening and lexical decision tasks were the most sensitive to MS. In addition, CPMS patients' IT was more impaired and was related to the severity of neurological impairment. The different sizes of the callosal fibers, which determine their vulnerability, may explain the heterogeneity of transfer through the Corpus Callosum. Therefore, evaluation of IT may be of value as an index of evolution in MS.

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