scholarly journals Impedance sensing device enables early detection of pressure ulcers in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Swisher ◽  
Monica C. Lin ◽  
Amy Liao ◽  
Elisabeth J. Leeflang ◽  
Yasser Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Impedance Sensing

In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging of Transplanted Islets and Early Detection of Graft Rejection

2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1421-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Chen ◽  
Xiaomin Zhang ◽  
Courtney S. Larson ◽  
Marshall S. Baker ◽  
Dixon B. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Graft Rejection ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging

scholarly journals Computed Poststenotic Flow Instabilities Correlate Phenotypically With Vibrations Measured Using Laser Doppler Vibrometry: Perspectives for a Promising In Vivo Device for Early Detection of Moderate and Severe Carotid Stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Mancini ◽  
Aslak W. Bergersen ◽  
Kristian Valen-Sendstad ◽  
Patrick Segers
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Flow Instabilities ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Early detection of asymptomatic carotid stenosis is crucial for treatment planning in the prevention of ischemic stroke. Auscultation, the current first-line screening methodology, comes with severe limitations that create urge for novel and robust techniques. Laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) is a promising tool for inferring carotid stenosis by measuring stenosis-induced vibrations. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility of LDV for carotid stenosis detection. LDV measurements on a carotid phantom were used to validate our previously verified high-resolution computational fluid dynamics methodology, which was used to evaluate the impact of flowrate, flow split, and stenosis severity on the poststenotic intensity of flow instabilities (IFI). We evaluated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of using IFI for stenoses detection. Linear regression analyses showed that computationally derived pressure fluctuations correlated (R2 = 0.98) with LDV measurements of stenosis-induced vibrations. The flowrate of stenosed vessels correlated (R2 = 0.90) with the presence of poststenotic instabilities. Receiver operating characteristic analyses of power spectra revealed that the most relevant frequency bands for the detection of moderate (56–76%) and severe (86–96%) stenoses were 80–200 Hz and 0–40 Hz, respectively. Moderate stenosis was identified with sensitivity and specificity of 90%; values decreased to 70% for severe stenosis. The use of LDV as screening tool for asymptomatic stenosis can potentially provide improved accuracy of current screening methodologies for early detection. The applicability of this promising device for mass screening is currently being evaluated clinically.

Simultaneous Fingerprint and High-Wavenumber Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Enhances Early Detection of Cervical Precancer In Vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (14) ◽  
pp. 5913-5919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyamala Duraipandian ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Joseph Ng ◽  
Jeffrey J.H. Low ◽  
A. Ilancheran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Confocal Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cervical Precancer ◽  
Confocal Raman

scholarly journals Functionalized nanoparticles with targeted antibody to enhance imaging of breast cancer in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse S. Chen ◽  
Jingwen Chen ◽  
Somnath Bhattacharjee ◽  
Zhengyi Cao ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Mouse Tumor ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Background Targeted contrast nanoparticles for breast tumor imaging facilitates early detection and improves treatment efficacy of breast cancer. This manuscript reports the development of an epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) specific, bi-modal, dendrimer conjugate to enhance computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of HER-2-positive breast cancer. This material employs generation 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers, encapsulated gold nanoparticles, chelated gadolinium, and anti-human HER-2 antibody to produce the nanoparticle contrast agent. Results Testing in two mouse tumor models confirms this contrast agent’s ability to image HER-2 positive tumors. Intravenous injection of this nanoparticle in mice bearing HER-2 positive mammary tumors significantly enhances MRI signal intensity by ~ 20% and improves CT resolution and contrast by two-fold. Results by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy validate the specific targeting of the conjugate and its internalization in human HER-2 positive cells. Conclusion These results demonstrate that this nanoparticle conjugate can efficiently target and image HER-2 positive tumors in vivo and provide a basis for the development of this diagnostic tool for early detection, metastatic assessment and therapeutic monitoring of HER-2 positive cancers.

scholarly journals Preclinical Molecular Imaging for Precision Medicine in Breast Cancer Mouse Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Fiordelisi ◽  
L. Auletta ◽  
L. Meomartino ◽  
L. Basso ◽  
G. Fatone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Positron Emission

Precision and personalized medicine is gaining importance in modern clinical medicine, as it aims to improve diagnostic precision and to reduce consequent therapeutic failures. In this regard, prior to use in human trials, animal models can help evaluate novel imaging approaches and therapeutic strategies and can help discover new biomarkers. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, accounting for 25% of cases of all cancers and is responsible for approximately 500,000 deaths per year. Thus, it is important to identify accurate biomarkers for precise stratification of affected patients and for early detection of responsiveness to the selected therapeutic protocol. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements in preclinical molecular imaging in breast cancer mouse models. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging remains one of the most common preclinical techniques used to evaluate biomarker expression in vivo, whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences, has been demonstrated as capable of distinguishing responders from nonresponders for both conventional and innovative chemo- and immune-therapies with high sensitivity and in a noninvasive manner. The ability to customize therapies is desirable, as this will enable early detection of diseases and tailoring of treatments to individual patient profiles. Animal models remain irreplaceable in the effort to understand the molecular mechanisms and patterns of oncologic diseases.

Early detection of mammary tumors in vivo using a highly specific tumor antibody.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Didier Dréau ◽  
Laura Jeffords Moore ◽  
Lopamudra Das Roy ◽  
Shu-ta Wu ◽  
Rahul Puri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mice

14 Background: Earlier detection of abnormal cells using target-specific techniques holds great promise. One of those targets Mucin-1 (MUC1) is expressed as a hypo-glycosylated form (i.e., tMUC1) in 95% of breast tumors and plays a crucial role in cancer progression. We have developed Tab004, a monoclonal antibody highly specific to a protein sequence accessible in tMUC1. Here we present data assessing the specificity and sensitivity of Tab004 in vitro and in genetically engineered mice in vivo overtime. Methods: We have developed human MUC1 Tg mice that were bred to mice that carry the oncogene, polyoma middle T antigen driven by the MMTV promoter. These mice designated MMT develop mammary gland tumors spontaneously and expresses the human form of tMUC1. PyVMT and C57Bl/6 served as controls. Mice develop mammary gland hyperplasia between 8-10 weeks of age that progresses to ductal carcinoma in situ by 12-14 weeks and adenocarcinoma by 18-24 weeks. Approximately 40% of the mice develop metastasis to the lung and other organs. The tumor progression appropriately mimics the human disease. MMT mice (n = 20) were injected twice monthly retro-orbitally with 12.5ug (100uL) of Tab004-conjugated to indocyanine green (ICG) and imaged thereafter from 8 to 22 weeks of age. Fluorescence was assessed 4 and 24 hrs post injection using the IVIS system. At euthanasia, tissue was collected for further analyses. Further, human breast tumor and normal mammary epithelial tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Tab004 specifically recognizes tMUC1 and not normal MUC1. In MMT mice, ICG-conjugated Tab004 allowed early detection of tumors in vivo sparing recognition of normal mammary epithelia in the C57BL/6 mice or in the PyV MT tumors. Detection with ICG-conjugated Tab004 allowed monitoring of tumor progression overtime. Importantly, ICG-conjugated Tab004 permitted significantly earlier detection than physical examination. Conclusions: The data highlight the specificity and the sensitivity of Tab004 in detecting tMUC1 in vitro, in situ and in relevant murine models in vivo. Thus, Tab004 will have significant clinical relevance for development as a targeted imaging agent and in the future for targeted drug delivery.

scholarly journals In vivo early detection of smoke-induced airway injury using three-dimensional swept-source optical coherence tomography

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 060503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiechen Yin ◽  
Gangjun Liu ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Lingfeng Yu ◽  
Sari Mahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Airway Injury
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