Temporal patterns of physical activity in successful weight loss maintainers

Abstract Objectives Successful weight loss interventions often require a multipronged approach. The need for interventions that incorporate both physical activity and dietary methodologies is apparent. The present study aimed to assess whether there were differential effects on dietary change within the context of a behavioral weight loss intervention that included different doses of physical activity. Methods Participants (N = 383; Age = 44.7 ± 8.2 years, BMI = 32.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2) were randomized to a reduced calorie diet (DIET, N = 127), diet plus a moderate dose of physical activity (MOD-EX, N = 129), or diet plus a high dose of physical activity (HIGH-EX, N = 127). All groups received weekly in-person intervention sessions for months 1–6, with combined in-person and telephonic sessions for months 7–12. Diet was prescribed at 1200–1800 kcal/day. MOD-EX was prescribed physical activity that progressed to 150 min/wk and HIGH-EX progressed to 250 min/wk. Physical activity, weight, and dietary intake were assessed. Dietary intake was assessed using the DHQII questionnaire. Results Retention at 12 months was 86.6% in DIET, 80.6% in MOD-EX, and 83.5% in HIGH-EX. Physical activity at 0 and 12 months was 65.4 ± 73.8 and 88.2 ± 104.3 min/wk in DIET; 68.7 ± 93.8 and 179.1 ± 125.3 min/wk in MOD-EX; and 71.5 ± 84.4 and 228.8 ± 148.3 min/wk in HIGH-EX (Group X Time P < 0.001). Weight decreased at 12 months (DIET: −9.9 ± 8.3 kg, MOD-EX: −10.8 ± 8.2 kg, HIGH-EX: −9.5 ± 7.3 kg) (P < 0.001), with no difference between groups. Energy intake decreased from baseline in all groups (6 mo: −495 ± 25.8 kcal/day, 12 mo: −502 ± 25.0 kcal/day) (P < 0.001). Percent dietary fat intake decreased (6 mo: −5.0 ± 0.4%, 12 mo: −3.8 ± 0.4%) (P < 0.001), whereas there was a non-significant increase in % carbohydrate intake (6 mo: 3.5 ± 0.4%, 12 mo: 3.0 ± 0.5%) and % protein intake (6 mo: 1.3 ± 0.2%, 12 mo: 1.0 ± 0.2%), with no difference between groups. Conclusions Weight loss was observed in all the interventions and physical activity did not enhance the weight loss that was observed. Also, the changes in diet that included reducing calories and fat intake were not impacted by the addition of physical activity. These findings have implications for interventions for weight loss in adults with obesity. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health.

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Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Total Daily Energy Expenditure in Successful Weight Loss Maintainers

Obesity ◽

10.1002/oby.22373 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 496-504 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Danielle M. Ostendorf ◽

Ann E. Caldwell ◽

Seth A. Creasy ◽

Zhaoxing Pan ◽

Kate Lyden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Physical Activity Energy Expenditure ◽

Daily Energy Expenditure ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Total Daily Energy Expenditure ◽

Successful Weight Loss ◽

Activity Energy

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DNA methylation signature in blood mirrors successful weight-loss during lifestyle interventions: the CENTRAL trial

Genome Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13073-020-00794-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Keller ◽

Anat Yaskolka Meir ◽

Stephan H. Bernhart ◽

Yftach Gepner ◽

Ilan Shelef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Dna Methylation ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Weight Change ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Obesity Treatment ◽

Successful Weight Loss

Abstract Background One of the major challenges in obesity treatment is to explain the high variability in the individual’s response to specific dietary and physical activity interventions. With this study, we tested the hypothesis that specific DNA methylation changes reflect individual responsiveness to lifestyle intervention and may serve as epigenetic predictors for a successful weight-loss. Methods We conducted an explorative genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in blood samples from 120 subjects (90% men, mean ± SD age = 49 ± 9 years, body mass-index (BMI) = 30.2 ± 3.3 kg/m2) from the 18-month CENTRAL randomized controlled trial who underwent either Mediterranean/low-carbohydrate or low-fat diet with or without physical activity. Results Analyses comparing male subjects with the most prominent body weight-loss (responders, mean weight change − 16%) vs. non-responders (+ 2.4%) (N = 10 each) revealed significant variation in DNA methylation of several genes including LRRC27, CRISP2, and SLFN12 (all adj. P < 1 × 10−5). Gene ontology analysis indicated that biological processes such as cell adhesion and molecular functions such as calcium ion binding could have an important role in determining the success of interventional therapies in obesity. Epigenome-wide association for relative weight-loss (%) identified 15 CpGs being negatively correlated with weight change after intervention (all combined P < 1 × 10− 4) including new and also known obesity candidates such as NUDT3 and NCOR2. A baseline DNA methylation score better predicted successful weight-loss [area under the curve (AUC) receiver operating characteristic (ROC) = 0.95–1.0] than predictors such as age and BMI (AUC ROC = 0.56). Conclusions Body weight-loss following 18-month lifestyle intervention is associated with specific methylation signatures. Moreover, methylation differences in the identified genes could serve as prognostic biomarkers to predict a successful weight-loss therapy and thus contribute to advances in patient-tailored obesity treatment.

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Self-reported taste changes and food/physical activity preferences correlate with successful weight loss in females who underwent bariatric surgery

Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.soard.2016.08.225 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. s122-s123

Author(s):

Andrea Stone ◽

Pavlos Papasavas ◽

Helen Swede ◽

Shristi Rawal ◽

Darren Tishler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Taste Changes ◽

Activity Preferences ◽

Successful Weight Loss

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Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Successful Weight Loss Maintainers

Obesity ◽

10.1002/oby.22052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Danielle M. Ostendorf ◽

Kate Lyden ◽

Zhaoxing Pan ◽

Holly R. Wyatt ◽

James O. Hill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Successful Weight Loss ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

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Sex-Specific Physical Activity Patterns Differentiate Weight Loss Maintainers From Regainers: The MedWeight Study

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2019-0407 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 225-229

Author(s):

Dimitrios Poulimeneas ◽

Maria I. Maraki ◽

Eleni Karfopoulou ◽

Yannis Koutras ◽

Stavrie Chrysostomou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Short Version ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Same Sex ◽

Physically Active ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Weight History ◽

Successful Weight Loss

Background: Although plenty of evidence indicates that weight loss maintainers are highly physically active, studies focusing on the sex-specific differences in activity levels between maintainers and regainers are scarce. The authors aimed to investigate sex-specific differences in activity patterns in a cohort of Mediterranean maintainers and regainers. Methods: Sample includes 756 participants of the MedWeight registry (60.5% women), aged 18–65 years, who lost ≥10% of their initial weight, and either maintained their loss for ≥12 months or regained it. Participants completed a series of questionnaires, including demographics and weight history. Activity levels were evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short version. Results: Maintainers of both sexes were, in total, more active than their same-sex regainers. When specific activities were considered, women maintainers spent more time walking than regainers (Padjusted = .02), whereas men maintainers spent more time in vigorous activities (Padjusted = .001) and walking than regainers (Padjusted = .001). Modest increments in activity of sex-relevant intensity were associated with increased odds for maintenance. Conclusions: Maintainers attained a more active lifestyle than their same-sex regainers, involving more walking for both sexes and more vigorous activities for men. The detected differences, according to activity intensity, support that activity patterns associated with successful weight loss are distinguishable between sexes.

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How to Maintain a Healthy Body Weight

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.76.4.208 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 208-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Astrup

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Weight Control ◽

Healthy Body Weight ◽

Healthy Body

The epidemic of both obesity and type 2 diabetes is due to environmental factors, but the individuals developing the conditions possess a strong genetic predisposition. Observational surveys and intervention studies have shown that excess body fatness is the major environmental cause of type 2 diabetes, and that even a minor weight loss can prevent its development in high-risk subjects. Maintenance of a healthy body weight in susceptible individuals requires 45–60 minutes physical activity daily, a fat-reduced diet with plenty of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, and lean meat and dairy products, and moderate consumption of calorie containing beverages. The use of table values to predict the glycemic index of meals is of little – if any – value, and the role of a low-glycemic index diet for body weight control is controversial. The replacement of starchy carbohydrates with protein from lean meat and lean dairy products enhances satiety, and facilitate weight control. It is possible that dairy calcium also promotes weight loss, although the mechanism of action remains unclear. A weight loss of 5–10% can be induced in almost all obese patients providing treatment is offered by a professional team consisting of a physician and dieticians or nurses trained to focus on weight loss and maintenance. Whereas increasing daily physical activity and regular exercise does not significantly effect the rate of weight loss in the induction phase, it plays an important role in the weight maintenance phase due to an impact on daily energy expenditure and also to a direct enhancement of insulin sensitivity.

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